Daily Mitzvah (Rambam)

The 321st prohibition is that we are forbidden to travel [even by foot] on Shabbos.

The source of this commandment is G‑d's statement1, "No man may leave his place on the seventh day."

Oral Tradition defines limit of "travel" as 2000 amos2 beyond the city limit; one may not walk even a single amoh more. However, one may walk within 2000 amos from the city limit in any direction.3

The Mechilta says: " 'No man may leave his place,' — this means beyond 2000 amos."

Our Sages said in tractate Eruvin,4 "For violating the prohibition of the Shabbos limit, one receives lashes by Biblical ordinance."5

The details of this commandment are discussed in that same tractate.

Footnotes

1.

Shmos 16:29.

2.

Approximately 3000 ft. In Mishneh Torah (Hilchos Shabbos 27:1), the Rambam rules that walking 2000 amos is prohibited only by Rabbinic law, while the Biblical prohibition is in effect only at 12 mil, or approximately 24,000 amos.

The Rambam himself explains, however, (in responsa 310, quoted in Mishneh Torah, Kapach ed., p. 575) that there is no contradiction between his two works. Sefer Hamitzvos is meant only to give a general description of the mitzvah, so he did not mention the two categories. Mishneh Torah, on the other hand, gives all the relevant halachic details. See also Introduction to Sefer Hamitzvos.

3.

In Mishneh Torah (ibid.), the Rambam explains that this area is considered within the suburbs of the city (see Num. 35:5).

4.

17b.

5.

With this quote, the Rambam proves that this mitzvah is included in the count of the 613 mitzvos.