Zayin (ז) is the seventh letter of the Hebrew alphabet
Numerical value: 7
Sound: "Z"
Meaning: 1. crown 2. weapon 3. sustain
Story
My maternal grandfather, Rabbi Jacob J. Hecht, of blessed memory, told me the following story: In the times when Jews lived in shtetls—long before the New York Lottery came along—there would be a traveling lottery “agent” who would station himself every week in a different shtetl and sell tickets. In one particular town, everyone bought a ticket. Everyone, that is, besides Shlamazal. You all know what a shlamazal is: someone who has two left hands and two left feet—someone who can’t do anything right. Shlamazal refused to buy a ticket. After a lot of arm twisting, the shtetl people convinced Shlamazal to buy a ticket, and he did. In those days you wrote your own number on the ticket and then you put the ticket in a communal hat. When the ticket was drawn, to everyone’s surprise, the winner was … Shlamazal!
When asked how he won, he answered with a newfound intelligence: “Ah, it was very simple. Everyone knows that to win a lottery you only need two things: brains and mazal. Now, my mother always told me that seven is a lucky number. Seven reminds us of the Shabbat, the seventh and holiest day of the week. Seven reminds us of the seventh year called Shemittah, the Sabbatical year when the land lies fallow; and the Hakhel year, when all of Israel—men, women, and children—came to the Holy Temple to be inspired by the king, which took place once every seven years. So I used my brains. I said, ‘If one times seven is good and holy, then seven times seven is even better and holier.’ So for my number, I picked forty-eight.” The people shouted, “But seven times seven is forty-nine!” Shlamazal said, “Yes, that’s where the mazal comes in. I was never good at mathematics.”
Design
The seventh letter of the aleph-bet is zayin. Its shape is the form of a sword. The top of the zayin is the handle, and the vertical leg is the blade. Another interpretation of the zayin’s design is that it represents a crown and a scepter. The zayin thus alludes to power and authority.
Gematria
The numeric value of the letter zayin is seven. Seven represents the seventh day of the week, which is Shabbat. It is the day G‑d rested. But what does this mean? If G‑d is infinite, why did He have to rest? A human, a mortal, is tired after a hard week at work, so he or she has to take a breather. But G‑d, the immortal Being?
The answer is that the rest is not for G‑d but for us. Since we work for six days a week and appear to be the masters of our fate, we can easily come to believe that we are the ones who have the power to determine our success. G‑d therefore instructs, “On the seventh day you are to stop. You are to examine the world around you and understand that everything comes from Me.” Shabbat is the day to focus on the Creator of the universe.
We also find that many of the foods we eat on Shabbat are connected to the number seven. After shul on Friday night and Shabbat day, Kiddush is made on wine. The Hebrew word for wine is yayin, spelled יין, yud-yud-nun. If one adds up the gematria of יין, it equals 70, or 7.1 After Kiddush, everyone washes their hands and returns to the table to say the blessing and eat challah—bread. The gematria of חלה, challah, is 43, and2 4+3=7. After the challah comes gefilte fish. The word “fish,” דג (dag), is spelled dalet=4 and gimmel=3, equaling 7. After the gefilte fish comes the soup, which is מרק (marak): mem=40, resh=200, kuf=100. Together they equal 340, and 3+4=7. After the soup, comes the meat. Meat is בשר (basar): bet=2, shin=300, resh=200, equaling 502—again seven. All of the foods are a delicious reminder that we are partaking of the seventh day, the holy Sabbath.
The sanctity of seven is not only true in the microcosm, but in the macrocosm as well. With the first day of Creation representing the first thousand years of the world’s existence, the second day representing the second thousand years, etc., Shabbat represents the Seventh Millennium, which is “a day of rest and tranquility for all eternity.”3
We are currently in the Sixth Millennium, in the “Friday afternoon” stage, at the cusp of Shabbat. We are living right on the edge of the Seventh Millennium, the eternal Shabbat, the “day” of eternal tranquility. And when do we begin preparing in earnest for Shabbat as well as for Moshiach’s arrival? Whether by the clock or calendar, it’s Friday at noon. Preparation for this era is not something we can scramble for at the very last minute. It is something we must build toward with intention and joy.
One of the things the Rebbe instructed us to do to prepare for the Final Redemption is to learn the concepts relating to the subject of Moshiach, especially how they are illuminated in the teachings of Chassidism. Although Moshiach will surely come by the year 6,000, the Rebbe tells us that his coming is imminent, due to the collective teshuvah and good deeds we have done in the past 2,000 years of this last exile.
Rabbi Chaim Vital4 tells us that compared to the Torah of Moshiach, the revealed Torah that we learn now is hevel—nothing. As related in the chapter on aleph, the Baal Shem Tov once went up to the chamber of Moshiach in heaven and asked, “Moshiach, when are you going to come? When are you going to liberate the Jews from this terrible dark exile?” Moshiach answered, “When the wellsprings of your teachings, [i.e., the teachings of Chassidism,] spread forth throughout the entire world. The entire world will begin to learn the secrets of the Torah. Then I will come.”
The Alter Rebbe expounded upon the teachings of the Baal Shem Tov in the Tanya5 and other writings, and this philosophy has been transmitted all the way down to the Rebbe, Rabbi Menachem M. Schneerson, of righteous memory, seventh Rebbe of Chabad. It is therefore incumbent upon every Jew who awaits the coming of Moshiach to delve into these teachings.
One must not wait until he is a master of the entire Talmud before studying these mystical insights. Just as the Shulchan Aruch (the Code of Jewish Law) tells us6 that on Friday afternoon it is customary to taste the Shabbat food, in this generation we should taste from the Shabbat Millennium, where we will be fully preoccupied with studying the secrets of Torah. The way to “taste” this millennium is by studying the teachings of Chassidism and infusing the aura of Moshiach into our everyday activities.
The Midrash7 tells us that when G‑d first created the world, G‑dliness was manifest in everyday, physical life. However, seven grave sins caused G‑d to remove Himself seven levels from this world. The first sin was that of Adam in the Garden of Eden. After Adam, there was the sin of Cain, who murdered his brother. Then there was the sin of Enosh, who began to serve idols ... and so on, until the seventh sin which completed G‑d’s retreat to the farthest heaven. Then came Abraham who reversed the trend. By teaching his generation about the one G‑d, he brought G‑d down from the seventh heaven to the sixth. The righteous acts of his son Isaac brought G‑d down another level to the fifth. Jacob drew G‑d down one more level … until, finally, Moses (the seventh leader of Israel) brought G‑d back down to earth, amongst us at Mount Sinai. After receiving the Ten Commandments, the Jewish people sinned with the Golden Calf. G‑d then removed Himself from the present world and ascended back to the first heaven. This cycle of up and down, mitzvahs versus sins, holiness versus evil, has repeated itself throughout history. In our current cycle, G‑d’s return to the world began with the Alter Rebbe, the first Rebbe of Chabad. The Alter Rebbe brought G‑d down from the seventh to the sixth level. The progression has continued to this current generation, which stands poised for the revelation of Moshiach. The Rebbe repeatedly told us that our generation is the seventh generation since the Alter Rebbe,8 and thus the generation of Redemption. Just as it was Moses’ generation (the seventh) that left Egypt, so will our generation leave this exile.
One may ask, why are we the ones who are so meritorious? Why is our generation the one that deserves to leave the exile? The answer is this: Shabbat, the holiest day of the week, is on the seventh day. The seventh is beloved by G‑d.9 It is not necessarily our individual qualities, but the mere fact that we find ourselves in this era that makes us the last generation of exile and the first generation of Redemption.
On Friday afternoon, at the eve of Shabbat, we begin to feel this aura, this special light and inspiration at the cusp of the era of Moshiach.
Meaning
The name zayin means “crown.” There are actually crowns, called zayenin,10 on many of the letters of the aleph-bet.
The word zayin also means “weapons”—as in the phrase k’lei zayin11 (and as mentioned, the zayin looks like a sword). In addition, zayin means zun, “to sustain.” In essence, these three definitions are interrelated. Shabbat, the crown of Creation, is also the day that blesses and therefore sustains the following week. By observing Shabbat, one accesses these blessings, which then gives us the weapon to overcome all negativity, especially the yetzer hara, the evil inclination.
As stated previously, one of the things that tempts us during the work-week is our belief that it is our ability and efforts alone that shape and control our fate. This belief then opens the door to the evil inclination in all its facets. The crown and sword of Shabbat remind us that G‑d, and only G‑d, is the Master of our fate, and this belief gives us the ability to conquer all negative forces. Indeed, blessings are our truest, most reliable weapons.
The meanings of zayin also parallel the Seventh Millennium. When G‑d created the world, He did not want a world of war and destruction, hate and envy, sickness and death. He could easily have created a perfect world, but desired, rather, that humankind have the merit of helping Him achieve that state. Knowing this gives us the power to sustain ourselves and bolster our faith during these last moments of exile, and overcome the darkness and difficulty we are experiencing.
When Moshiach comes, there will no longer be evil upon the earth—as it states: “ … and the spirit of impurity will be removed from upon the earth.”12 Believing in Moshiach helps bring about the transformation spoken of by the prophet Isaiah, in which: “They shall beat their swords into plowshares and their spears into pruning hooks. Nation shall not lift up sword against nation, neither shall they learn war any more.”13 All of this is contained in the letter zayin.
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