הפטורה: וַיִשְלַח אַחְאָב.
The haftarah [for Parshas Ki Sisa] begins Vayishlach Achav (I Melachim 18:20-39).
אַאַמוּ"ר כּוֹתֵב בְּאֶחָד מִמַּאֲמָרָיו: הָא דִסְעוּדָּה שְׁלִישִׁית הַיּוֹם לֹא גו', הַיְנוּ שֶׁאֵין צָרִיךְ פַּת, אֲבָל צָרִיךְ לִטְעוֹם אֵיזֶה דָבָר, וְאָמַר רַבִּי יוֹסֵי יְהֵא חֶלְקִי מֵאוֹכְלֵי ג' סְעוּדּוֹת.
My revered father, the Rebbe [Rashab], writes in one of his maamarim:1 “[The teaching of the Tzemach Tzedek] regarding the Third Meal of Shabbos — [based on the negative form of] the phrase Hayom lo… — ‘Today you will not [find the manna in the fields]’2 — means only that [at that meal] one is not required to partake of bread. However, one must partake of something.3 Indeed, R. Yosei said: ‘Would that I share the lot of those who partake of three [Shabbos] meals!’ “4
תּוֹרַת רַבֵּנוּ הַזָּקֵן בִּתְחִלַּת בּוֹאוֹ לְלִיאָזְנָא: לְעוֹלָם יְהֵא אָדָם זָהִיר בִּתְפִלַת הַמִּנְחָה. יִתְרוֹן תְּפִלַּת הַמִּנְחָה עַל הַתְּפִלּוֹת דְּשַׁחֲרִית וְעַרְבִית הוּא בָּזֶה, שֶׁהִיא בְּאֶמְצַע הַיוֹם, בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁבְּנֵי אָדָם עֲסוּקִים וּטְרוּדִים בְּעִנְיָנֵיהֶם, וּמַפְסִיקִים לִתְפִלַּת מִנְחָה. וְזֶהוּ: לְעוֹלָם, עֲבוֹדַת הָאָדָם בָּעוֹלָם הִיא, שֶׁיְּהֵא אָדָם, שֵׂכֶל הַמֵּאִיר וּפוֹעֵל בְּמִדּוֹת, זָהִיר יָאִיר, הַיְנוּ הִתְגַּבְּרוּת הַצּוּרָה עַל הַחוֹמֶר, וְזֶה נִיכָּר בְּעִנְיַן תְּפִלַת הַמִנְחָה.
The Alter Rebbe delivered the following teaching5 shortly after he arrived in Liozna.6
The Sages teach: לעולם יהא אדם זהיר בתפילת המנחה — “One should always be careful concerning the Afternoon Service.”7 The Afternoon Service is superior to the Morning and Evening Services inasmuch as it is offered in the middle of the day, when people are busy and involved in their affairs, yet interrupt them for the Afternoon Service.
[On this basis, we can offer a non-literal interpretation of the above teaching of the Sages, phrase by phrase:] A person’s spiritual task in this world8 (לעולם)is to make his mind radiate and influence his emotive attributes9 (יהא אדם), so that his qualities will shine forth י(זהיר).10
This means that one’s spiritual essence11 should overcome his materiality12 — and this is evident [when one prays] the Afternoon Service.
Living in This World
Every business and occupation has its hectic times, when people are under pressure and are so busy working and buying and selling that there is no room to think of anything else. Often, it is precisely in the midst of such times that one is obligated to pray the Afternoon Service, thereby overriding the pressing demands of the workaday world.
The ability to rise above all that is mundane and devote oneself to G‑d despite external pressures is the meaning of the instruction that “one’s spiritual essence should overcome his materiality.” A Jew’s “spiritual essence” is his neshamah, the soul that shares an essential connection to G‑d. When this spiritual nucleus surfaces, it “overcomes his materiality” — that is, his physical concerns — and its true light can shine forth.
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