| 1You shall make an altar for bringing incense up in smoke; you shall make it out of acacia wood. |
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אוְעָשִׂ֥יתָ מִזְבֵּ֖חַ מִקְטַ֣ר קְטֹ֑רֶת עֲצֵ֥י שִׁטִּ֖ים תַּֽעֲשֶׂ֥ה אֹתֽוֹ: |
| for bringing incense up in smoke Heb. מִקְטַר קְטֹרֶת, to raise smoke up on it, namely the smoke of incense. |
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מִקְטַר קְטֹרֶת
לְהַעֲלוֹת עָלָיו קִטּוּר עֲשַׁן סַמִּים:
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| 2It shall be one cubit long and one cubit wide, a square, and two cubits high; its horns shall be [one piece] with it. |
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באַמָּ֨ה אָרְכּ֜וֹ וְאַמָּ֤ה רָחְבּוֹ֙ רָב֣וּעַ יִֽהְיֶ֔ה וְאַמָּתַ֖יִם קֹֽמָת֑וֹ מִמֶּ֖נּוּ קַרְנֹתָֽיו: |
| 3You shall overlay it with pure gold, its top, its walls all around, and its horns; and you shall make for it a golden crown all around. |
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גוְצִפִּיתָ֨ אֹת֜וֹ זָהָ֣ב טָה֗וֹר אֶת־גַּגּ֧וֹ וְאֶת־קִֽירֹתָ֛יו סָבִ֖יב וְאֶת־קַרְנֹתָ֑יו וְעָשִׂ֥יתָ לּ֛וֹ זֵ֥ר זָהָ֖ב סָבִֽיב: |
| its top This one [altar] had a top. The altar for burnt offerings [i.e., the copper altar], however, did not have a top, but the hollow space within it was filled with earth whenever they camped. |
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אֶת־גַּגּוֹ
זֶה הָיָה לוֹ גַּג, אֲבָל מִזְבַּח הָעוֹלָה לֹא הָיָה לוֹ גַּג אֶלָּא מְמַלְּאִים חֲלָלוֹ אֲדָמָה בְּכָל חֲנִיָּתָן:
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| a golden crown This symbolized the crown of the kehunah. |
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זֵר זָהָב
סִימָן הוּא לְכֶתֶר כְּהֻנָּה:
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| 4You shall make two golden rings for it underneath its crown on its two corners, you shall make [them] on its two sides, so that it should serve as holders for poles with which to carry it. |
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דוּשְׁתֵּי֩ טַבְּעֹ֨ת זָהָ֜ב תַּֽעֲשֶׂה־לּ֣וֹ | מִתַּ֣חַת לְזֵר֗וֹ עַ֚ל שְׁתֵּ֣י צַלְעֹתָ֔יו תַּֽעֲשֶׂ֖ה עַל־שְׁנֵ֣י צִדָּ֑יו וְהָיָה֙ לְבָתִּ֣ים לְבַדִּ֔ים לָשֵׂ֥את אֹת֖וֹ בָּהֵֽמָּה: |
| its… corners Heb. צַלְעֹתָיו. Here it is a term meaning corners, as the Targum [Onkelos] renders, [unlike in Exod. 25:12, 26:20, 26, 27, where צֶלַע means a side,] because it says [further in the verse]: “on its two sides,” [meaning] on its two corners that are on its two sides. |
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צַלְעֹתָיו
כָּאן הוּא לְשׁוֹן זָוִיּוֹת, כְּתַרְגּוּמוֹ, לְפִי שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר עַל שְׁנֵי צִדָּיו – עַל שְׁתֵּי זָוִיּוֹת שֶׁבִּשְׁנֵי צִדָּיו:
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| it should serve Heb. וְהָיָה, lit., and it shall be [in the singular, referring to] the making of these rings. |
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וְהָיָה
מַעֲשֵׂה הַטַּבָּעוֹת הָאֵלֶּה:
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| as holders for the poles The ring [itself] shall be a holder for a pole. |
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לְבָתִּים לְבַדִּים
בַּיִת תִּהְיֶה הַטַּבַּעַת לַבַּד:
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| 5You shall make the poles out of acacia wood and overlay them with gold. |
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הוְעָשִׂ֥יתָ אֶת־הַבַּדִּ֖ים עֲצֵ֣י שִׁטִּ֑ים וְצִפִּיתָ֥ אֹתָ֖ם זָהָֽב: |
| 6And you shall place it in front of the dividing curtain, which is upon the Ark of Testimony, in front of the ark cover, which is upon the testimony, where I will arrange to meet with you. |
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ווְנָֽתַתָּ֤ה אֹתוֹ֙ לִפְנֵ֣י הַפָּרֹ֔כֶת אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־אֲרֹ֣ן הָֽעֵדֻ֑ת לִפְנֵ֣י הַכַּפֹּ֗רֶת אֲשֶׁר֙ עַל־הָ֣עֵדֻ֔ת אֲשֶׁ֛ר אִוָּעֵ֥ד לְךָ֖ שָֽׁמָּה: |
| in front of the dividing curtain Perhaps you will say [that the altar should be] removed or at a distance opposite the ark, either to the north or to the south. Therefore, the Torah says: “in front of the ark cover,” meaning directly opposite the ark on the outside [of the Holy of Holies]. -[from Baraitha Melecheth HaMishkan, ch. 4,] |
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לִפְנֵי הַפָּרֹכֶת
שֶׁמָּא תֹאמַר מָשׁוּךְ מִכְּנֶגֶד הָאָרוֹן לַצָּפוֹן אוֹ לַדָּרוֹם, תַּלְמוּד לוֹמָר לִפְנֵי הַכַּפֹּרֶת מְכֻוָּן כְּנֶגֶד הָאָרוֹן מִבַּחוּץ:
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| 7Aaron shall make incense of spices go up in smoke upon it; every morning when he sets the lamps in order, he shall make it go up in smoke. |
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זוְהִקְטִ֥יר עָלָ֛יו אַֽהֲרֹ֖ן קְטֹ֣רֶת סַמִּ֑ים בַּבֹּ֣קֶר בַּבֹּ֗קֶר בְּהֵֽיטִיב֛וֹ אֶת־הַנֵּרֹ֖ת יַקְטִירֶֽנָּה: |
| when he sets… in order Heb. בְּהֵיטִיבוֹ, a word referring to the cleaning of the cups of the menorah from the ashes of the wicks that burned at night. He would clean them every morning. |
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בְּהֵֽיטִיבוֹ
לְשׁוֹן נִקּוּי הַבָּזִיכִין שֶׁל הַמְּנוֹרָה מִדֶּשֶן הַפְּתִילוֹת שֶׁנִּשְׂרְפוּ בַלַּיְלָה, וְהָיָה מְטִיבָן בְּכָל בֹּקֶר וָבֹקֶר:
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| the lamps Heb. הַנֵּרֹת. luzes, lozes, luses, luces in Old French, [i.e.,] lamps. This is true of all נֵרוֹת mentioned in the context of the menorah, except where הַעִלָאָה, which is an expression of kindling, is mentioned. |
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הַנֵּרֹת
לו"שיש בְּלַעַז, וְכֵן כָּל נֵרוֹת הָאֲמוּרוֹת בַּמְּנוֹרָה, חוּץ מִמָּקוֹם שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר שָׁם הַעֲלָאָה שֶׁהוּא לְשׁוֹן הַדְלָקָה:
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| 8And when Aaron kindles the lights in the afternoon, he shall make it go up in smoke, continual incense before the Lord for your generations. |
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חוּבְהַֽעֲלֹ֨ת אַֽהֲרֹ֧ן אֶת־הַנֵּרֹ֛ת בֵּ֥ין הָֽעַרְבַּ֖יִם יַקְטִירֶ֑נָּה קְטֹ֧רֶת תָּמִ֛יד לִפְנֵ֥י יְהֹוָ֖ה לְדֹרֹֽתֵיכֶֽם: |
| And when… kindles Heb. וּבְהַעִלֹת, lit., and when… causes to ascend. When he will kindle them to cause their flame to ascend. |
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וּבְהַֽעֲלֹת
כְּשֶׁיַּדְלִיקֵם לְהַעֲלוֹת לַהַבְתָן:
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| he shall make it go up in smoke Every day, one pras in the morning and [one] pras in the afternoon. -[from Ker. 6b] |
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יַקְטִירֶנָּה
בְּכָל יוֹם, פְּרָס מַקְטִיר שַׁחֲרִית וּפְרָס מַקְטִיר בֵּין הָעַרְבַּיִם (כריתות ו'):
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| 9You shall offer up on it no alien incense, burnt offering, or meal offering, and you shall pour no libation upon it. |
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טלֹא־תַֽעֲל֥וּ עָלָ֛יו קְטֹ֥רֶת זָרָ֖ה וְעֹלָ֣ה וּמִנְחָ֑ה וְנֵ֕סֶךְ לֹ֥א תִסְּכ֖וּ עָלָֽיו: |
| You shall offer up on it On this [golden] altar. |
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לֹא־תַֽעֲלוּ עָלָיו
עַל מִזְבֵּחַ זֶה:
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| alien incense Any donated incense; they are all alien except for this one. -[from Men. 50a, b] |
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קְטֹרֶת זָרָה
שׁוּם קְטֹרֶת שֶׁל נְדָבָה – כֻּלָּן זָרוֹת לוֹ חוּץ מִזּוֹ:
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| burnt offering, or meal offering Neither burnt offerings nor meal offerings. A burnt offering is one of an animal or fowl. A meal offering is one of bread. |
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וְעֹלָה וּמִנְחָה
וְלֹא עוֹלָה וּמִנְחָה, עוֹלָה שֶׁל בְּהֵמָה וָעוֹף, מִנְחָה הִיא שֶׁל לֶחֶם:
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| 10But Aaron shall make atonement upon its horns once a year; with the blood of the sin offering of the atonements, once a year he shall effect atonement upon it for your generations; it is a holy of holies to the Lord. |
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יוְכִפֶּ֤ר אַֽהֲרֹן֙ עַל־קַרְנֹתָ֔יו אַחַ֖ת בַּשָּׁנָ֑ה מִדַּ֞ם חַטַּ֣את הַכִּפֻּרִ֗ים אַחַ֤ת בַּשָּׁנָה֙ יְכַפֵּ֤ר עָלָיו֙ לְדֹרֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם קֹֽדֶשׁ־קָֽדָשִׁ֥ים ה֖וּא לַֽיהֹוָֽה: |
| But Aaron shall make atonement [This refers to] applications of blood [on the horns of the altar]. |
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וְכִפֶּר אַֽהֲרֹן
מַתַּן דָּמִים:
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| once a year On Yom Kippur. This is what is stated in [parshath] “Acharei Moth” : “And he shall go out to the altar that is before the Lord and make atonement upon it” (Lev. 16:18). |
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אַחַת בַּשָּׁנָה
בְּיוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים, הוּא שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר בְּאַחֲרֵי מוֹת וְיָצָא אֶל הַמִּזְבֵּחַ אֲשֶׁר לִפְנֵי ה' וְכִפֶּר עָלָיו (ויקרא ט"ז):
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| the sin offering of the atonements They are the bull and the kid of Yom Kippur, which atone for ritual contamination regarding the sanctuary and its holy things. -[from Shevuoth 2b] |
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חַטַּאת הַכִּפֻּרִים
הֵם פַּר וְשָׂעִיר שֶׁל יוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים הַמְכַפְּרִים עַל טֻמְאַת מִקְדָּשׁ וְקָדָשָׁיו:
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| a holy of holies Heb. קֹדֶשׁ-קָדָשִׁים. The altar is sanctified for these things only, and for no other service. |
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קֹֽדֶשׁ־קָֽדָשִׁים
הַמִּזְבֵּחַ מְקֻדָּשׁ לִדְבָרִים הַלָּלוּ בִּלְבַד וְלֹא לַעֲבוֹדָה אַחֶרֶת:
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