Positive Commandment 115 (Digest)
Donating Animals
"He shall present the animal before the priest and the priest shall evaluate it"—Leviticus 27:11-12.
If a person pledges to give a non-kosher animal [or a kosher animal not fit to be brought as a sacrifice] to G‑d, he must follow the law prescribed in the Torah.
The
115th mitzvah is that we are
commanded regarding the financial evaluation (erachin) of a non-kosher animal.
The
source of this commandment is G‑d's statement, "[If it involves a non-kosher animal,] he
shall present the animal to the kohen,
and the kohen shall set its value."
The
details of this mitzvah are explained
in a number of passages in T'murah and Me'ilah.
Positive Commandment 116 (Digest)
Donating Houses
"And if a man shall sanctify his house, holy to G‑d...the priest shall evaluate it"—Leviticus 27:14.
If a person pledges to give a house to G‑d, he must follow the law prescribed in the Torah.
The
116th mitzvah is that we are
commanded regarding the financial evaluation (erachin) of houses.
The
source of this commandment is G‑d's statement, "If a person consecrates his house as
something sacred to G‑d, the kohen
shall set its value...."
The
details of this mitzvah are explained
in tractate Erachin.
Positive Commandment 117 (Digest)
Donating Fields
"And if a man shall dedicate part of his field"—Leviticus 27:16-22.
If a person pledges to give a field to G‑d, he must follow the law prescribed in the Torah. The procedure varies depending on whether it is an ancestral field or a field that one acquired.
The
117th mitzvah is that we are
commanded regarding the financial evaluation (erachin) of fields.
The
sources for this commandment are G‑d's statements, "If [a person consecrates] a field from his
hereditary property..." and "If the field is not his hereditary property but a
field he has bought...."
If
it is hereditary property, "its value shall be calculated according to the
amount of seed [required to sow it]."
If
the field was purchased, "The kohen
shall calculate the proportion of its value [on the basis of the number of
years remaining until the jubilee year]."
The
details of this mitzvah are also
explained in tractate Erachin.
Do
not think that these four categories of evaluation share something in common
which requires them to be counted together as one mitzvah. Each one has its unique regulations, and is therefore
counted separately. All they share in common is the title "evaluation" (erach). Therefore, the various
categories of erachin cannot be
counted as only one mitzvah just as
the various types of sacrifices are not counted as only one mitzvah. After careful consideration,
this will become clear.
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