| 22For if you safeguard all these commandments that I am commanding you, by studying the Torah’s instructions regarding how to perform them properly, to love God, your God, to walk in all His ways, and to cleave to Him, |
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כבכִּי֩ אִם־שָׁמֹ֨ר תִּשְׁמְר֜וּן אֶת־כָּל־הַמִּצְוָ֣ה הַזֹּ֗את אֲשֶׁ֧ר אָֽנֹכִ֛י מְצַוֶּ֥ה אֶתְכֶ֖ם לַֽעֲשׂתָ֑הּ לְאַֽהֲבָ֞ה אֶת־יְהֹוָ֧ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֛ם לָלֶ֥כֶת בְּכָל־דְּרָכָ֖יו וּלְדָבְקָה־בֽוֹ: |
| שָׁמֹר תִּשְׁמְרוּן - The doubled verb is used to warn that there be many safeguards, to be careful that what one has learned is not forgotten. |
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שָׁמֹר תִּשְׁמְרוּן.
אַזְהָרַת שְׁמִירוֹת הַרְבֵּה, לְהִזָּהֵר בְּתַלְמוּדוֹ שֶׁלֹּא יִשְׁתַּכַּח (שם):
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| לָלֶכֶת בְּכָל־דְּרָכָיו - To walk in all His ways - i.e., just as He is merciful, so must you be merciful; just as He performs kindness, so must you perform kindness. |
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לָלֶכֶת בְּכָל־דְּרָכָיו.
הוּא רַחוּם וְאַתָּה תְּהֵא רַחוּם, הוּא גּוֹמֵל חֲסָדִים וְאַתָּה גּוֹמֵל חֲסָדִים (שם):
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| וּלְדָבְקָה־בֽוֹ - And to cleave to Him. Is it possible to say such a thing? Is He not like a consuming fire?! The verse can only mean: Associate with Torah students and sages, and I will consider it as if you had attached yourself to Him. |
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וּלְדָבְקָה־בֽוֹ.
אֶפְשָׁר לוֹמַר כֵּן? וַהֲלֹא אֵשׁ אוֹכְלָה הוּא? אֶלָּא הִדַּבֵּק בַּתַּלְמִידִים וּבַחֲכָמִים וּמַעֲלֶה אֲנִי עָלֶיךָ כְּאִלּוּ נִדְבַּקְתָּ בּוֹ (ספרי):
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| 23God will drive out all these nations from before you. You will dispossess nations who are greater and stronger than you. |
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כגוְהוֹרִ֧ישׁ יְהֹוָ֛ה אֶת־כָּל־הַגּוֹיִ֥ם הָאֵ֖לֶּה מִלִּפְנֵיכֶ֑ם וִירִשְׁתֶּ֣ם גּוֹיִ֔ם גְּדֹלִ֥ים וַֽעֲצֻמִ֖ים מִכֶּֽם: |
| וְהוֹרִישׁ ה' - God will drive out. You have done what is incumbent upon you; I, too, will do what is incumbent upon Me. |
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וְהוֹרִישׁ ה'.
עֲשִׂיתֶם מַה שֶּׁעֲלֵיכֶם, אַף אֲנִי אֶעֱשֶׂה מַה שֶּׁעָלַי (שם):
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| וַֽעֲצֻמִים מִכֶּֽם - And stronger than you - i.e., you are mighty, but they are mightier than you; for were Israel not mighty, what kind of praise is it that God praises the Amorites by saying: “who are stronger than you”? The verse can only be saying: You are stronger than other nations, and the Amorites are stronger than you. |
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וַֽעֲצֻמִים מִכֶּֽם.
אַתֶּם גִּבּוֹרִים, וְהֵם גִּבּוֹרִים מִכֶּם, שֶׁאִם לֹא שֶׁיִּשְׂרָאֵל גִּבּוֹרִים מַה הַשֶּׁבַח הַהוּא שֶׁמְּשַׁבֵּחַ אֶת הָאֱמוֹרִיִּים לוֹמַר וַעֲצוּמִים מִכֶּם? אֶלָּא אַתֶּם גִּבּוֹרִים מִשְּׁאָר הָאֻמּוֹת, וְהֵם גִּבּוֹרִים מִכֶּם (ע' שם):
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| 24Every place upon which the soles of your feet will tread will be yours. Your border will extend from the desert and Lebanon, from the river—the Euphrates River—to the western sea |
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כדכָּל־הַמָּק֗וֹם אֲשֶׁ֨ר תִּדְרֹ֧ךְ כַּף־רַגְלְכֶ֛ם בּ֖וֹ לָכֶ֣ם יִֽהְיֶ֑ה מִן־הַמִּדְבָּ֨ר וְהַלְּבָנ֜וֹן מִן־הַנָּהָ֣ר נְהַר־פְּרָ֗ת וְעַד֙ הַיָּ֣ם הָאַֽחֲר֔וֹן יִֽהְיֶ֖ה גְּבֻֽלְכֶֽם: |
| 25No one will stand up against you, not even as formidable a man as Og. God, your God, will cast the terror of you and the dread of you on all the inhabitants of the land upon which you tread, as He spoke concerning you.” |
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כהלֹֽא־יִתְיַצֵּ֥ב אִ֖ישׁ בִּפְנֵיכֶ֑ם פַּחְדְּכֶ֨ם וּמוֹרַֽאֲכֶ֜ם יִתֵּ֣ן | יְהֹוָ֣ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֗ם עַל־פְּנֵ֤י כָל־הָאָ֨רֶץ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תִּדְרְכוּ־בָ֔הּ כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֖ר דִּבֶּ֥ר לָכֶֽם: |
| לֹֽא־יִתְיַצֵּב אִישׁ וגו' - (lit.) No man will stand up. From here I only know that a man will not stand up against you. How do I know that the same applies to a nation, a family, or a woman with her sorcery? Scripture therefore states: לֹא יִתְיַצֵּב “no one will stand” – in any event. If so, why does Scripture state: אִישׁ “a man”? That even a man like Og, king of Bashan, will not stand up to you. |
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לֹֽא־יִתְיַצֵּב אִישׁ וגו'.
אֵין לִי אֶלָּא אִישׁ, אֻמָּה וּמִשְׁפָּחָה וְאִשָּׁה בִּכְשָׁפֶיהָ מִנַּיִן? תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר "לֹא יִתְיַצֵּב" מִכָּל מָקוֹם, אִם כֵּן מַה תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר "אִישׁ"? אֲפִלּוּ כְעוֹג מֶלֶךְ הַבָּשָׁן (שם):
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| פַּחְדְּכֶם וּמוֹרַֽאֲכֶם - The terror of you and the dread of you. Are not פַּחַד and מוֹרָא synonymous, both expressing “fear”? No; rather, פַּחְדְּכֶם refers to the fear upon those who are close by, and וּמוֹרַאֲכֶם refers to the fear upon those who are far away. פַּחַד denotes sudden shock; מוֹרָא denotes a long-lasting worry. |
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פַּחְדְּכֶם וּמוֹרַֽאֲכֶם.
וַהֲלֹא פַּחַד הוּא מוֹרָא? אֶלָּא פַּחְדְּכֶם עַל הַקְּרוֹבִים וּמוֹרַאֲכֶם עַל הָרְחוֹקִים; פַּחַד לְשׁוֹן בְּעִיתַת פִּתְאֹם, מוֹרָא לְשׁוֹן דְּאָגָה מִיָּמִים רַבִּים:
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| כַּֽאֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר לָכֶֽם - As He spoke concerning you. And where did He speak this? “I will send forth a dread of Me before you….” |
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כַּֽאֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר לָכֶֽם.
וְהֵיכָן דִּבֵּר? (שמות כ"ג) אֶת אֵימָתִי אֲשַׁלַּח לְפָנֶיךָ וְגוֹ' (ספרי שם):
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