| 1And it was when all the nation had completely passed over the Jordan, the Lord spoke to Joshua, saying, |
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אוַֽיְהִי֙ כַּֽאֲשֶׁר־תַּ֣מּוּ כָל־הַגּ֔וֹי לַֽעֲב֖וֹר אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן (פיסקא באמצע פסוק) וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהֹוָ֔ה אֶל־יְהוֹשֻׁ֖עַ לֵאמֹֽר: |
| 2Take to yourselves twelve men from the people, a man from every tribe. |
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בקְח֚וּ לָכֶם֙ מִן־הָעָ֔ם שְׁנֵ֥ים עָשָֹ֖ר אֲנָשִׁ֑ים אִֽישׁ־אֶחָ֥ד אִֽישׁ־אֶחָ֖ד מִשָּֽׁבֶט: |
| twelve men. They are the aforementioned, who were to be prepared. |
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שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר אֲנָשִׁים.
הֵם שֶׁנִּזְכָּרִים לְמַעְלָה לִהְיוֹת נְכוֹנִים.
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| 3And command them saying, Take to yourselves from here out of the midst of the Jordan, out of the place where the priests' feet stood firm, twelve stones, and you shall carry them over with you, and leave them in the lodging place, where you shall lodge this night. |
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גוְצַוּ֣וּ אוֹתָם֘ לֵאמֹר֒ שְׂאֽוּ־לָכֶ֨ם מִזֶּ֜ה מִתּ֣וֹךְ הַיַּרְדֵּ֗ן מִמַּצַּב֙ רַגְלֵ֣י הַכֹּֽהֲנִ֔ים הָכִ֖ין שְׁתֵּֽים־עֶשְׂרֵ֣ה אֲבָנִ֑ים וְהַעֲבַרְתֶּ֚ם אוֹתָם֙ עִמָּכֶ֔ם וְהִנַּחְתֶּ֣ם אוֹתָ֔ם בַּמָּל֕וֹן אֲשֶׁר־תָּלִ֥ינוּ ב֖וֹ הַלָּֽיְלָה: |
| and you shall carry them over with you. in accordance with Moses’ commandment to build an altar there with on Mt. Ebal and to write upon them the words of the Torah. On that very day, they came to Mt. Ebal, built therewith the altar, and offered up burnt offerings and peace offerings, and they ate and drank and peeled them and came and lodged in Gilgal. |
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וְהַעֲבַרְתֶּם אוֹתָם עִמָּכֶם.
כְּמִצְוַת משֶׁה (דברים כז ד) לִבְנוֹת לָהֶם מִזְבֵּחַ בְּהַר עֵיבָל וְלִכְתּוֹב עֲלֵיהֶם אֶת דִּבְרֵי הַתּוֹרָה, וּבוֹ בַּיּוֹם בָּאוּ אֶל הַר עֵיבָל וּבָנוּ בָּהֶם אֶת הַמִּזְבֵּחַ וְהֶעֱלוּ עוֹלוֹת וּשְׁלָמִים, וְאָכְלוּ וְשָׁתוּ, וְקִפְּלוּ אוֹתָם וּבָאוּ וְלָנוּ בַּגִּלְגָּל.
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| 4And Joshua called the twelve men, whom he had prepared of the children of Israel, a man from every tribe. |
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דוַיִּקְרָ֣א יְהוֹשֻׁ֗עַ אֶל־שְׁנֵ֚ים הֶֽעָשָׂר֙ אִ֔ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֥ר הֵכִ֖ין מִבְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל אִֽישׁ־אֶחָ֥ד אִֽישׁ־אֶחָ֖ד מִשָּֽׁבֶט: |
| 5And Joshua said to them, Pass before the Ark of the Lord your God into the midst of the Jordan, and lift up every man of you a stone upon his shoulder, according to the number of the tribes of the children of Israel. |
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הוַיֹּ֚אמֶר לָהֶם֙ יְהוֹשֻׁ֔עַ עִ֠בְר֠וּ לִפְנֵ֨י אֲר֧וֹן יְהֹוָ֛ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֖ם אֶל־תּ֣וֹךְ הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן וְהָרִ֨ימוּ לָכֶ֜ם אִ֣ישׁ אֶ֚בֶן אַחַת֙ עַל־שִׁכְמ֔וֹ לְמִסְפַּ֖ר שִׁבְטֵ֥י בְנֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל: |
| Pass before the Ark etc.. Enter now into the Jordan and pass until you are in front of the priests. |
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עִבְרוּ לִפְנֵי אֲרוֹן וְגוֹ'.
הִכָּנְסוּ עַתָּה בַּיַּרְדֵּן וְעִבְרוּ עַד לִפְנֵי הַכֹּהֲנִים.
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| 6That this may be a sign among you, that when your children ask in time to come, saying, What are these stones for you? |
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ולְמַ֗עַן תִּֽהְיֶ֛ה זֹ֥את א֖וֹת בְּקִרְבְּכֶ֑ם כִּֽי־יִשְׁאָל֨וּן בְּנֵיכֶ֚ם מָחָר֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר מָ֛ה הָֽאֲבָנִ֥ים הָאֵ֖לֶּה לָכֶֽם: |
| 7Then you shall say to them, That the waters of the Jordan were cut off before the Ark of the covenant of the Lord; when it passed over the Jordan, the waters of the Jordan were cut off; and these stones shall be for a memorial to the children of Israel forever. |
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זוַֽאֲמַרְתֶּ֣ם לָהֶ֗ם אֲשֶׁ֨ר נִכְרְת֜וּ מֵימֵ֚י הַיַּרְדֵּן֙ מִפְּנֵי֙ אֲר֣וֹן בְּרִֽית־יְהֹוָ֔ה בְּעָבְרוֹ֙ בַּיַּרְדֵּ֔ן נִכְרְת֖וּ מֵ֣י הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן וְ֠הָי֠וּ הָֽאֲבָנִ֨ים הָאֵ֧לֶּה לְזִכָּר֛וֹן לִבְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל עַד־עוֹלָֽם: |
| and these stones shall be. in Gilgal as a memorial of this. |
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וְהָיוּ הָאֲבָנִים הָאֵלֶּה.
בַּגִּלְגָּל לְזִכְרוֹן זֶה.
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| 8And the children of Israel did as Joshua commanded, and took up twelve stones out of the midst of the Jordan, as the Lord had spoken to Joshua, according to the number of the tribes of the children of Israel, and carried them over with them to the place where they lodged, and laid them there. |
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חוַיַּעֲשׂוּ־כֵ֣ן בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל֘ כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֣ר צִוָּ֣ה יְהוֹשֻׁ֒עַ֒ וַיִּשְׂא֡וּ שְׁתֵּֽי־עֶשְׂרֵ֨ה אֲבָנִ֜ים מִתּ֣וֹךְ הַיַּרְדֵּ֗ן כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֨ר דִּבֶּ֚ר יְהֹוָה֙ אֶל־יְהוֹשֻׁ֔עַ לְמִסְפַּ֖ר שִׁבְטֵ֣י בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיַּֽעֲבִר֚וּם עִמָּם֙ אֶל־הַמָּל֔וֹן וַיַּנִּח֖וּם שָֽׁם: |
| 9And Joshua set up twelve stones in the midst of the Jordan, in the place where the feet of the priests who bore the Ark of the covenant stood; and they have been there to this day. |
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טוּשְׁתֵּ֧ים עֶשְׂרֵ֣ה אֲבָנִ֗ים הֵקִ֣ים יְהוֹשֻׁעַ֘ בְּת֣וֹךְ הַיַּרְדֵּן֒ תַּ֗חַת מַצַּב֙ רַגְלֵ֣י הַכֹּֽהֲנִ֔ים נֹֽשְׂאֵ֖י אֲר֣וֹן הַבְּרִ֑ית וַיִּ֣הְיוּ שָׁ֔ם עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה: |
| And twelve stones. I.e. others Joshua set up in the midst of the Jordan. |
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וּשְׁתֵּים עֶשְׂרֵה אֲבָנִים.
אֲחֵרוֹת הֵקִים יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בְּתוֹךְ הַיַּרְדֵּן.
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| 10And the priests that bore the Ark stood in the midst of the Jordan, until everything was finished that the Lord commanded Joshua to speak to the people, according to all that Moses commanded Joshua; and the people hastened and passed over. |
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יוְהַכֹּֽהֲנִ֞ים נֹֽשְׂאֵ֣י הָֽאָר֗וֹן עֹֽמְדִים֘ בְּת֣וֹךְ הַיַּרְדֵּן֒ עַ֣ד תֹּ֣ם כָּֽל־הַ֠דָּבָר אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּ֨ה יְהֹוָ֚ה אֶת־יְהוֹשֻׁ֙עַ֙ לְדַבֵּ֣ר אֶל־הָעָ֔ם כְּכֹ֛ל אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּ֥ה מֹשֶׁ֖ה אֶת־יְהוֹשֻׁ֑עַ וַיְמַֽהֲר֥וּ הָעָ֖ם וַֽיַּעֲבֹֽרוּ: |
| until everything was finished. as we learned in Tractate Sotah While they were still standing in the river bed of the Jordan, Joshua said to them: Know for what purpose you are crossing the Jordan. On the condition that you drive out all the inhabitants of the land etc. |
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עַד תֹּם כָּל־הַדָּבָר.
כְּמוֹ שֶׁשָּׁנִינוּ בְּמַסֶּכֶת סוֹטָה (לד א): עוֹדָם בַּיַּרְדֵּן, אָמַר לָהֶם יְהוֹשֻׁעַ: דְּעוּ לָמָּה אַתֶּם עוֹבְרִים אֶת הַיַּרְדֵּן, עַל מְנָת שֶׁתּוֹרִישׁוּ אֶת כָּל יוֹשְׁבֵי הָאָרֶץ וְכוּ'.
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| 11And it was, when all the people had completely passed over, that the Ark of the Lord passed over, and the priests, in the presence of the people. |
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יאוַֽיְהִ֛י כַּֽאֲשֶׁר־תַּ֥ם כָּל־הָעָ֖ם לַֽעֲב֑וֹר וַיַּֽעֲבֹ֧ר אֲרֽוֹן־יְהֹוָ֛ה וְהַכֹּֽהֲנִ֖ים לִפְנֵ֥י הָעָֽם: |
| And it was, when all the people had completely passed over, that the Ark passed over, etc.. not after the manner in which the others had passed over, but as it is explained below in this episode, the soles of the priests’ feet were lifted up backwards to the dry land on the bank from which they had entered, beside which they were standing, and the waters returned backwards to flow as it had done heretofore. Hence, the Ark and its bearers are found to be on one side, and all Israel on the other side. The Ark picked up its bearers and passed over. |
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וַיְהִי כַּאֲשֶׁר תַּם כָּל הָעָם לַעֲבוֹר וַיַּעֲבֹר אֲרוֹן וְגוֹ'.
לֹא כְּדֶרֶךְ שֶׁעָבְרוּ הָאֲחֵרִים, אֶלָּא כְּמוֹ שֶׁמְּפוֹרָשׁ לְמַטָּה בָּעִנְיָן (להלן פסוק יח): נִתְּקוּ כַּפּוֹת רַגְלֵי הַכֹּהֲנִים לַאֲחוֹרֵיהֶם אֶל הֶחָרָבָה עַל הַשָּׂפָה שֶׁנִּכְנְסוּ בָּהּ, שֶׁהָיוּ עוֹמְדִים אֶצְלָהּ, וְחָזְרוּ הַמַּיִם לַאֲחוֹרֵיהֶם לֵילֵךְ כִּתְמוֹל שִׁלְשׁוֹם; נִמְצָא, אֲרוֹן וְנוֹשְׂאָיו מִצַּד זֶה וְכָל יִשְׂרָאֵל מִצַּד זֶה, נָשָׂא הָאֲרוֹן אֶת נוֹשְׂאָיו וְעָבַר.
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| in the presence of the people. [lit. before the people,] i.e. before the eyes of the people. |
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לִפְנֵי הָעָם.
לְעֵינֵי הָעָם.
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| 12And the children of Reuben, and the children of Gad, and half the tribe of Manasseh, passed over armed before the children of Israel, as Moses had spoken to them. |
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יבוַ֠יַּעַבְר֠וּ בְּנֵֽי־רְאוּבֵ֨ן וּבְנֵי־גָ֜ד וַֽחֲצִ֨י שֵׁ֚בֶט הַֽמְנַשֶּׁה֙ חֲמֻשִׁ֔ים לִפְנֵ֖י בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֛ר דִּבֶּ֥ר אֲלֵיהֶ֖ם מֹשֶֽׁה: |
| 13About forty thousand armed for war passed over before the Lord to battle, to the plains of Jericho. |
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יגכְּאַרְבָּעִ֥ים אֶ֖לֶף חֲלוּצֵ֣י הַצָּבָ֑א עָֽבְר֞וּ לִפְנֵ֚י יְהֹוָה֙ לַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה אֶ֖ל עַֽרְב֥וֹת יְרִיחֽוֹ: |
| 14On that day the Lord made Joshua great in the sight of all Israel, and they feared him, as they had feared Moses, all the days of his life. |
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ידבַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֗וּא גִּדַּ֚ל יְהֹוָה֙ אֶת־יְהוֹשֻׁ֔עַ בְּעֵינֵ֖י כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיִּֽרְא֣וּ אֹת֔וֹ כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֛ר יָֽרְא֥וּ אֶת־מֹשֶׁ֖ה כָּל־יְמֵ֥י חַיָּֽיו: |
| 15And the Lord said to Joshua, saying, |
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טווַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהֹוָ֔ה אֶל־יְהוֹשֻׁ֖עַ לֵאמֹֽר: |
| 16Command the priests that bear the Ark of the testimony, that they come up out of the Jordan. |
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טזצַוֵּה֙ אֶת־הַכֹּ֣הֲנִ֔ים נֹֽשְׂאֵ֖י אֲר֣וֹן הָֽעֵד֑וּת וְיַֽעֲל֖וּ מִן־הַיַּרְדֵּֽן: |
| Command the priests. Here the Scripture explains the aforementioned, how the Ark of the Lord and the priests passed over in the presence of the people etc. |
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צַוֵּה אֶת הַכֹּהֲנִים.
כָּאן פֵּירַשׁ הַכָּתוּב אֶת הָאָמוּר לְמַעְלָה, הֵיאָךְ עָבַר אֲרוֹן ה' וְהַכֹּהֲנִים לִפְנֵי הָעָם וְגוֹ'.
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| that they come up out of the Jordan. that they cross, is not written here, but “that they come up.” Hence, we deduce that they came up on the bank beside which they were standing. And it is impossible to say that they were standing beside the western bank of the Jordan, for it is stated above: The feet of the priests were dipped in the edge of the water. And there it is stated: And the priests stood and all Israel passed. |
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וְיַעֲלוּ מִן הַיַּרְדֵּן.
'וְיַעַבְרוּ' אֵין כְּתִיב כָּאן, אֶלָּא 'וְיַעֲלוּ', לָמַדְנוּ שֶׁעַל הַשָּׂפָה שֶׁהָיוּ עוֹמְדִין אֶצְלָהּ עָלוּ, וְאִי אֶפְשָׁר לוֹמַר שֶׁהָיוּ עוֹמְדִין אֵצֶל שְׂפַת הַיַּרְדֵּן שֶׁבַּמַּעֲרָב, שֶׁהֲרֵי נֶאֱמַר לְמַעְלָה (ג טו) נִטְבְּלוּ רַגְלֵי הַכֹּהֲנִים בִּקְצֵה הַמַּיִם, וְשָׁם נֶאֱמַר וַיַּעַמְדוּ הַכֹּהֲנִים וְכָל יִשְׂרָאֵל עוֹבְרִים.
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| 17And Joshua commanded the priests, saying, Come up out of the Jordan. |
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יזוַיְצַ֣ו יְהוֹשֻׁ֔עַ אֶת־הַכֹּֽהֲנִ֖ים לֵאמֹ֑ר עֲל֖וּ מִן־הַיַּרְדֵּֽן: |
| 18And it was, when the priests that bore the Ark of the covenant of the Lord came up out of the midst of the Jordan, that as soon as the soles of the priests' feet were lifted up to the dry land, the waters of Jordan returned to their place, and flowed over all its banks, as before. |
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יחוַ֠יְהִ֠י כַּֽעֲל֨וֹת (כתיב בַּֽעֲל֨וֹת) הַכֹּֽהֲנִ֜ים נֹֽשְׂאֵ֨י אֲר֚וֹן בְּרִֽית־יְהֹוָה֙ מִתּ֣וֹךְ הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן נִתְּק֗וּ כַּפּוֹת֙ רַגְלֵ֣י הַכֹּֽהֲנִ֔ים אֶ֖ל הֶחָֽרָבָ֑ה וַיָּשֻׁ֚בוּ מֵֽי־הַיַּרְדֵּן֙ לִמְקוֹמָ֔ם וַיֵּֽלְכ֥וּ כִתְמֽוֹל־שִׁלְשֹׁ֖ם עַל־כָּל־גְּדוֹתָֽיו: |
| the soles of the priests’ feet were lifted up. from the water to the dry land which was beside them, and the waters returned to their place. Hence, the Ark is found to be on one side and Israel on the other side. Accordingly, the Ark lifted its bearers and passed over. And concerning this matter, Uzzah was punished when he took hold of the Ark. If it bore its bearers, can it not be deduced by a fortiori conclusion that it can bear itself? |
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נִתְּקוּ כַּפּוֹת רַגְלֵי הַכֹּהֲנִים.
מִן הַמַּיִם אֶל הֶחָרָבָה שֶׁאֶצְלָם, וַיָּשׁוּבוּ הַמַּיִם לִמְקוֹמָם; נִמְצָא, אֲרוֹן מִצַּד זֶה וְיִשְׂרָאֵל מִצַּד זֶה, נָשָׂא אֲרוֹן אֶת נוֹשְׂאָיו וְעָבַר. וְעַל דָּבָר זֶה נֶעֱנַשׁ עוּזָּא (שמואל ב ו ז) כְּשֶׁאָחַז בָּאָרוֹן, נוֹשְׂאָיו נָשָׂא, עַצְמוֹ לֹא כָּל שֶׁכֵּן.
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| 19And the people came up out of the Jordan on the tenth day of the first month, and encamped in Gilgal, in the east border of Jericho. |
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יטוְהָעָ֗ם עָלוּ֙ מִן־הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן בֶּֽעָשֹ֖וֹר לַחֹ֣דֶשׁ הָֽרִאשׁ֑וֹן וַֽיַּֽחֲנוּ֙ בַּגִּלְגָּ֔ל בִּקְצֵ֖ה מִזְרַ֥ח יְרִיחֽוֹ: |
| 20And these twelve stones, which they took out of the Jordan, Joshua set up in Gilgal. |
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כוְאֵת֩ שְׁתֵּ֨ים עֶשְׂרֵ֚ה הָֽאֲבָנִים֙ הָאֵ֔לֶּה אֲשֶׁ֥ר לָֽקְח֖וּ מִן־הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן הֵקִ֥ים יְהוֹשֻׁ֖עַ בַּגִּלְגָּֽל: |
| Joshua set up in Gilgal. That is the lodging place where they lodged that night. |
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הֵקִים יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בַּגִּלְגָּל.
הוּא הַמָּלוֹן אֲשֶׁר לָנוּ בּוֹ הַלַּיְלָה.
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| 21And he spoke to the children of Israel, saying, When your children ask their fathers in time to come, saying, What are these stones? |
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כאוַיֹּ֛אמֶר אֶל־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לֵאמֹ֑ר אֲשֶׁר֩ יִשְׁאָל֨וּן בְּנֵיכֶ֚ם מָחָר֙ אֶת־אֲבוֹתָ֣ם לֵאמֹ֔ר מָ֖ה הָֽאֲבָנִ֥ים הָאֵֽלֶּה: |
| 22Then, you shall let your children know, saying, Israel came over this Jordan on dry land. |
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כבוְהֽוֹדַעְתֶּ֖ם אֶת־בְּנֵיכֶ֣ם לֵאמֹ֑ר בַּיַּבָּשָׁה֙ עָבַ֣ר יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּ֖ן הַזֶּֽה: |
| 23For the Lord your God dried up the waters of the Jordan from before you, until you passed over, as the Lord your God did to the Red Sea, which He dried up from before us, until we passed over. |
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כגאֲשֶׁר־הוֹבִישׁ֩ יְהֹוָ֨ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֜ם אֶת־מֵ֧י הַיַּרְדֵּ֛ן מִפְּנֵיכֶ֖ם עַֽד־עָבְרְכֶ֑ם כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׂה֩ יְהֹוָ֨ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֧ם לְיַם־ס֛וּף אֲשֶׁר־הוֹבִ֥ישׁ מִפָּנֵ֖ינוּ עַד־עָבְרֵֽנוּ: |
| 24That all the people of the earth might know the power of the Lord, that it is mighty; that you might fear the Lord your God forever. |
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כדלְ֠מַ֠עַן דַּ֜עַת כָּל־עַמֵּ֚י הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ אֶת־יַ֣ד יְהֹוָ֔ה כִּ֥י חֲזָקָ֖ה הִ֑יא לְמַ֧עַן יְרָאתֶ֛ם אֶת־יְהֹוָ֥ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֖ם כָּל־הַיָּמִֽים: |
