ZOHAR: The children of Ishmael were destined to rule over the Holy Land for a long time when it is barren, like their circumcision which is empty and imperfect. And they will prevent the Jews from returning to their place until the reward for the children of Ishmael for their circumcision reaches completion. Article #3 discusses complications in understand the
concept of Free Choice, which is also a theme of the first four readings.