Negative Commandment 105 (Digest)
Frankincense on the Suspected Adulteress' Meal Offering
"Nor shall he put frankincense upon it"—Numbers 5:15.
It is forbidden to add frankincense to the suspected adulteress' meal offering [as is done by almost all other meal offerings].
The 105th prohibition is that we are forbidden from putting frankincense into the meal offering brought for a sotah.
The source of this commandment is G‑d's statement (exalted be He), "he shall not place frankincense on it."
The Sifra says, "This verse comes to teach you that if one put in either oil or frankincense, he would be transgressing a prohibition. Just as adding oil is a transgression, so too adding frankincense." Therefore, even one who transgresses this prohibition receives lashes.
The Mechilta says, "the verse, 'he shall not place oil on it; he shall not place frankincense on it' teaches that these count as two separate punishments."
Negative Commandment 330 (Digest)
Incest with a Mother
"She is your mother, do not uncover her nakedness"—Leviticus 18:7.
It is forbidden to have incestuous relations with one's mother.
The 330th prohibition is that one is forbidden from having relations with one's mother.
The source of this commandment is G‑d's statement, "She is your mother; you must not commit incest with her."
The punishment for violating this prohibition is kares. If there were witnesses, and the act was intentional, the punishment is execution by stoning. If the act was unintentional, he must bring a sin-offering.
Negative Commandment 331 (Digest)
Incest with a Step-Mother
"Do not uncover the nakedness of your father's wife"—Leviticus 18:8.
It is forbidden to have incestuous relations with one's step-mother.
The
331st prohibition is that one is forbidden from having relations with one's
father's wife.
The
source of this commandment is G‑d's statement, "You must not commit incest with your father's
wife."
The
punishment for violating this prohibition is kares. If there were witnesses, and the act was
intentional, the punishment is execution by stoning. If the act was unintentional, he must bring a
sin-offering.
It
is therefore clear that one who commits incest with his mother is culpable both
for incest with one's mother [N330] and with one's father's wife [N331]. This
is true both during the father's lifetime and after his death, as explained in Sanhedrin.
Negative Commandment 332 (Digest)
Incest with a Sister
"The nakedness of your sister, [whether] your father's daughter . . . you shall not uncover their nakedness"—Leviticus 18:9.
It is forbidden to have incestuous relations with one's sister.
The 332nd prohibition is that one is forbidden from having relations with one's sister.
The source of this commandment is G‑d's statement, "Do not commit incest with your sister, your father's daughter."
The punishment for violating this prohibition intentionally is kares. If the act was unintentional, he must bring a sin-offering.
Negative Commandment 333 (Digest)
Incest with a Paternal Half-Sister
"The daughter of your father's wife born to your father, she is your sister: you shall not uncover her nakedness"—Leviticus 18:11.
It is forbidden to have incestuous relations with one's paternal half-sister.
[Incest with a maternal half-sister is also forbidden—it is included in Negative Commandment 332. But one who engages in incestuous relations with a paternal half-sister is also transgressing this prohibition.]
The 333rd prohibition is that one is forbidden from having relations with the daughter of one's father's wife, if she is also a sister.
The source of this commandment is G‑d's statement (exalted be He), "Do not commit incest with a daughter that your father's wife has borne to your father. She is your sister."
This prohibition comes to single out the daughter of your father's wife as a separate incestual prohibition. The proof that the daughter of your father's wife is a distinct prohibition is from the following law: if a man has relations with his sister, and her mother is married to his father, he has transgressed two prohibitions — incest with his sister and with the daughter of his father's wife. This is like one who has relations with his mother, who has transgressed two prohibitions — incest with his mother and with his father's wife, as explained above.
This is how our Sages expressed this idea in the second chapter of Yevamos: "Our Sages taught, 'One who has relations with his sister, and she is also the daughter of his father's wife is culpable for committing incest with one's sister and for committing incest with the daughter of one's father's wife.' Rabbi Yossi the son of Rabbi Yehuda said, 'He is only culpable for the prohibition of incest with one's sister.' What is the reasoning of the Sages? They say, let us examine [the verses]: it is already written, '[Do not commit] incest with your sister, your father's daughter.' Why do we need the verse, '[Do not commit] incest with a daughter that your father's wife has borne to your father'? This verse makes him guilty on two counts: incest with one's sister and with the daughter of one's father's wife."
The punishment for violating this prohibition — i.e., incest with one's sister, the daughter of one's father's wife — is solely kares if done intentionally. If the act was unintentional, he must bring a sin-offering.
Negative Commandment 334 (Digest)
Incest with a Son's Daughter
"The nakedness of your son's daughter . . . you shall not uncover"—Leviticus 18:10.
It is forbidden to have incestuous relations with one's son's daughter.
The 334th prohibition is that one is forbidden from having relations with one's son's daughter.
The source of this commandment is G‑d's statement, "Do not commit incest with your son's daughter."
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