Vayikra (Leviticus) Chapter 27

16If a man consecrates a part of his inherited field to God and someone wishes to redeem it, the value will be determined according to its capacity for sowing: An area that can be sown with a chomer of barley seed will be valued at 50 shekels of silver.   טז וְאִ֣ם | מִשְּׂדֵ֣ה אֲחֻזָּת֗וֹ יַקְדִּ֥ישׁ אִישׁ֙ לַֽיהֹוָ֔ה וְהָיָ֥ה עֶרְכְּךָ֖ לְפִ֣י זַרְע֑וֹ זֶ֚רַע חֹ֣מֶר שְׂעֹרִ֔ים בַּֽחֲמִשִּׁ֖ים שֶׁ֥קֶל כָּֽסֶף:
וְהָיָה עֶרְכְּךָ לְפִי זַרְעוֹ - The value will be determined according to its [capacity for] sowing - but not according to its monetary worth. Whether it be a good field or a bad field, the redemption from its consecration is the same amount: each area sown with a kor of barley is redeemed for 50 shekels; thus Scripture has decreed it. This applies if he wishes to redeem it at the beginning of the Jubilee cycle, but if he wishes to redeem it anytime during the cycle, he gives according to the rate of a sela and a pundion (1/48 of a sela) for each year remaining, for it is only holy for the number of years of the Jubilee cycle. Specifically, if it is redeemed by the owner, well and good, and if not, the Temple treasurer can sell it for this price to another, and it remains in the possession of the purchaser until the Jubilee year just like other sold fields, and upon leaving his possession with the arrival of the Jubilee year, it reverts to the priestly division serving during the week when the Jubilee occurs, being divided up among them. This is the rule prescribed for one who consecrates a field to the Temple. And now I will explain it according to the order of the verses:   וְהָיָה עֶרְכְּךָ לְפִי זַרְעוֹ.  לֹא כְּפִי שָׁוְיָהּ, אַחַת שָׂדֶה טוֹבָה וְאַחַת שָׂדֶה רָעָה פִּדְיוֹן הֶקְדֵּשָׁן שָׁוֶה — בֵּית כֹּר שְׂעוֹרִים בַּחֲמִשִּׁים שְׁקָלִים — כָּךְ גְּזֵרַת הַכָּתוּב, וְהוּא שֶׁבָּא לְגָאֳלָהּ בִּתְחִלַּת הַיּוֹבֵל. וְאִם בָּא לְגָאֳלָהּ בְאֶמְצָעוֹ, נוֹתֵן לְפִי הַחֶשְׁבּוֹן סֶלַע וּפֻנְדְּיוֹן לְשָׁנָה, לְפִי שֶׁאֵינָהּ הֶקְדֵּשׁ אֶלָּא לְמִנְיַן שְׁנוֹת הַיּוֹבֵל, שֶׁאִם נִגְאֲלָה הֲרֵי טוֹב, וְאִם לָאו הַגִּזְבָּר מוֹכְרָהּ בַּדָּמִים הַלָּלוּ לְאַחֵר, וְעוֹמֶדֶת בְּיַד הַלּוֹקֵחַ עַד הַיּוֹבֵל כִּשְׁאָר כָּל הַשָּׂדוֹת הַמְּכוּרוֹת, וּכְשֶׁהִיא יוֹצְאָה מִיָּדוֹ חוֹזֶרֶת לַכֹּהֲנִים שֶׁל אוֹתוֹ מִשְׁמָר שֶׁהַיּוֹבֵל פּוֹגֵעַ בּוֹ, וּמִתְחַלֶּקֶת בֵּינֵיהֶם, זֶהוּ הַמִּשְׁפָּט הָאָמוּר בְּמַקְדִּישׁ שָׂדֶה, וְעַכְשָׁו אֲפָרְשֶׁנּוּ עַל סֵדֶר הַמִּקְרָאוֹת:
17If he consecrates his field immediately after the Jubilee year, and someone wishes to redeem it, it will retain its redemption value.   יזאִם־מִשְּׁנַ֥ת הַיֹּבֵ֖ל יַקְדִּ֣ישׁ שָׂדֵ֑הוּ כְּעֶרְכְּךָ֖ יָקֽוּם:
אִם־מִשְּׁנַת הַיֹּבֵל יַקְדִּישׁ וגו' - If he consecrates his field (lit.) from the Jubilee year…. i.e., if after the Jubilee year is over, he immediately consecrated it and some person wishes to redeem it immediately, i.e., within the first year:   אִם־מִשְּׁנַת הַיֹּבֵל יַקְדִּישׁ וגו'.  אִם מִשֶּׁעָבְרָה שְׁנַת הַיּוֹבֵל מִיָּד הִקְדִּישָׁהּ, וּבָא זֶה לְגָאֳלָהּ מִיָּד.
כְּעֶרְכְּךָ יָקֽוּם - It will retain [its] value - i.e., its value will be as stated earlier – he must give 50 silver shekels per area sown with a chomer of barley.   כְּעֶרְכְּךָ יָקֽוּם.  כָּעֵרֶךְ הַזֶּה הָאָמוּר יִהְיֶה — חֲמִשִּׁים כֶּסֶף יִתֵּן:
18But if he consecrates his field after the Jubilee year, the priest must calculate the money in accordance with the remaining years until the Jubilee year, and that value will be deducted from the full value.   יחוְאִם־אַחַ֣ר הַיֹּבֵל֘ יַקְדִּ֣ישׁ שָׂדֵ֒הוּ֒ וְחִשַּׁב־ל֨וֹ הַכֹּהֵ֜ן אֶת־הַכֶּ֗סֶף עַל־פִּ֤י הַשָּׁנִים֙ הַנּ֣וֹתָרֹ֔ת עַ֖ד שְׁנַ֣ת הַיֹּבֵ֑ל וְנִגְרַ֖ע מֵֽעֶרְכֶּֽךָ:
וְאִם־אַחַר הַיֹּבֵל יַקְדִּישׁ - But if he consecrates…after the Jubilee [year]. The same applies even if he consecrated it following the Jubilee year but it spent time in the hands of the treasurer, and some person came to redeem it only some time after the Jubilee year.   וְאִם־אַחַר הַיֹּבֵל יַקְדִּישׁ.  וְכֵן אִם הִקְדִּישָׁהּ מִשְּׁנַת הַיֹּבֵל וְנִשְׁתַּהָת בְּיַד גִּזְבָּר, וּבָא זֶה לְגָאֳלָהּ אַחַר הַיּוֹבֵל.
וְחִשַּׁב־לוֹ הַכֹּהֵן אֶת־הַכֶּסֶף עַל־פִּי הַשָּׁנִים הַנּוֹתָרֹת - The priest must calculate the money in accordance with the remaining years - according to this rate. How is this done? Scripture fixed the price of 49 years at 50 shekels, which is a shekel for each year plus an extra shekel for all of the years together. A shekel is 48 pundions, making a sela and a pundion for each year, but for all the 49 years the payment amounts to one pundion less. Our rabbis said that this extra pundion is a premium due the treasury for exchanging into small coins. Thus someone who comes to redeem his field gives a sela and a pundion for each year according to the number of years remaining until the Jubilee year.   וְחִשַּׁב־לוֹ הַכֹּהֵן אֶת־הַכֶּסֶף עַל־פִּי הַשָּׁנִים הַנּוֹתָרֹת.  כְּפִי חֶשְׁבּוֹן; כֵּיצַד? הֲרֵי קָצַב דָּמֶיהָ שֶׁל אַרְבָּעִים וְתֵשַׁע שָׁנָה חֲמִשִּׁים שֶׁקֶל, הֲרֵי שֶׁקֶל לְכָל שָׁנָה וְשֶׁקֶל יָתֵר עַל כֻּלָּן, וְהַשֶּׁקֶל אַרְבָּעִים וּשְׁמוֹנָה פֻנְדְּיוֹן, הֲרֵי סֶלַע וּפֻנְדְּיוֹן לְשָׁנָה, אֶלָּא שֶׁחָסֵר פֻּנְדְּיוֹן אֶחָד לְכֻלָּן, וְאָמְרוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ שֶׁאוֹתוֹ פֻּנְדְּיוֹן קַלְבּוֹן לִפְרוֹטְרוֹט, וְהַבָּא לִגְאֹל, יִתֵּן סֶלַע וּפֻנְדְּיוֹן לְכָל שָׁנָה לַשָּׁנִים הַנּוֹתָרוֹת עַד שְׁנַת הַיּוֹבֵל (עי' ספרא; ערכין כ"ד):
וְנִגְרַע מֵֽעֶרְכֶּֽךָ - And it will be deducted from the value - i.e., the number of years between the previous Jubilee and the year of redemption.   וְנִגְרַע מֵֽעֶרְכֶּֽךָ.  מִנְיַן הַשָּׁנִים שֶׁמִּשְּׁנַת הַיּוֹבֵל עַד שְׁנַת הַפִּדְיוֹן:
19If the person who consecrated it redeems the field, he must add to it a fifth of the valuation money, and only then will it be his.   יטוְאִם־גָּאֹ֤ל יִגְאַל֙ אֶת־הַשָּׂדֶ֔ה הַמַּקְדִּ֖ישׁ אֹת֑וֹ וְ֠יָסַ֠ף חֲמִשִׁ֧ית כֶּֽסֶף־עֶרְכְּךָ֛ עָלָ֖יו וְקָ֥ם לֽוֹ:
וְאִם־גָּאֹל יִגְאַל - If he…redeems. i.e., the one who consecrated it must add a fifth to this prorated value.   וְאִם־גָּאֹל יִגְאַל.  הַמַּקְדִּישׁ אוֹתוֹ, יוֹסִיף חֹמֶשׁ עַל הַקִּצְבָּה הַזֹּאת:
20If the person does not redeem the field, or if the treasurer has sold the field to someone else, it may no longer be redeemed.   כוְאִם־לֹ֤א יִגְאַל֙ אֶת־הַשָּׂדֶ֔ה וְאִם־מָכַ֥ר אֶת־הַשָּׂדֶ֖ה לְאִ֣ישׁ אַחֵ֑ר לֹֽא־יִגָּאֵ֖ל עֽוֹד:
וְאִם־לֹא יִגְאַל אֶת־הַשָּׂדֶה - If he does not redeem the field - i.e., the one who consecrated it.   וְאִם־לֹא יִגְאַל אֶת־הַשָּׂדֶה.  הַמַּקְדִּישׁ:
וְאִם־מָכַר - Or if he has sold - i.e., the Temple treasurer sold.   וְאִם־מָכַר.  הַגִּזְבָּר:
אֶת־הַשָּׂדֶה לְאִישׁ אַחֵר לֹא יִגְאַל עֽוֹד - the field to someone else, it may no longer be redeemed. so that it returns to the possession of the one who consecrated it.   אֶת־הַשָּׂדֶה לְאִישׁ אַחֵר לֹא יִגְאַל עֽוֹד.  לָשׁוּב בְּיַד הַמַּקְדִּישׁ:
21Rather, when the field leaves the possession of the treasury or the purchaser in the Jubilee year, it will be holy to God like a segregated field, i.e., the owner’s inherited property will belong to the priest.   כאוְהָיָ֨ה הַשָּׂדֶ֜ה בְּצֵאת֣וֹ בַיֹּבֵ֗ל קֹ֛דֶשׁ לַֽיהֹוָ֖ה כִּשְׂדֵ֣ה הַחֵ֑רֶם לַכֹּהֵ֖ן תִּֽהְיֶ֥ה אֲחֻזָּתֽוֹ:
וְהָיָה הַשָּׂדֶה בְּצֵאתוֹ בַיֹּבֵל - Rather, when the field leaves in the Jubilee [year] - the possession of he who purchased it from the treasurer, just as other fields leave the possession of their purchasers in the Jubilee year.   וְהָיָה הַשָּׂדֶה בְּצֵאתוֹ בַיֹּבֵל.  מִיַּד הַלּוֹקְחוֹ מִן הַגִּזְבָּר, כְּדֶרֶךְ שְׁאָר שָׂדוֹת הַיּוֹצְאוֹת מִיַּד לוֹקְחֵיהֶם בַּיּוֹבֵל:
קֹדֶשׁ לה' - Holy to God. This does not mean that it returns to the treasurer as consecrated funds for Temple upkeep, but it is “like a segregated field” that is given to the priests, as it says: “Any segregated entity in Israel will be yours”; 1 Similarly, in the Jubilee year, this field is divided among the priestly division serving during the week in which Yom Kippur of the Jubilee year occurs.   קֹדֶשׁ לה'.  לֹא שֶׁיָּשׁוּב לְהֶקְדֵּשׁ בֶּדֶק הַבַּיִת, לְיַד הַגִּזְבָּר, אֶלָּא כשדה החרם הַנָּתוּן לַכֹּהֲנִים — שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר "כָּל חֵרֶם בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל לְךָ יִהְיֶה" (במדבר י"ח) — אַף זוֹ תִּתְחַלֵּק לַכֹּהֲנִים שֶׁל אוֹתוֹ מִשְׁמָר שֶׁיּוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים שֶׁל יוֹבֵל פּוֹגֵעַ בּוֹ (ערכין כ"ח):