| 12And now, O Israel, what does the Lord, your God, ask of you? Only to fear the Lord, your God, to walk in all His ways and to love Him, and to worship the Lord, your God, with all your heart and with all your soul, |
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יבוְעַתָּה֙ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל מָ֚ה יְהֹוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ שֹׁאֵ֖ל מֵֽעִמָּ֑ךְ כִּ֣י אִם־לְ֠יִרְאָ֠ה אֶת־יְהֹוָ֨ה אֱלֹהֶ֜יךָ לָלֶ֤כֶת בְּכָל־דְּרָכָיו֙ וּלְאַֽהֲבָ֣ה אֹת֔וֹ וְלַֽעֲבֹד֙ אֶת־יְהֹוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ בְּכָל־לְבָֽבְךָ֖ וּבְכָל־נַפְשֶֽׁךָ: |
| And now, O Israel: Even though you did all this, His mercy and His affection are still upon you, and with all that you have sinned against Him, He demands nothing of you, except only to fear [the Lord, your God,…] |
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וְעַתָּה יִשְׂרָאֵל:
אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁעֲשִׂיתֶם כָּל זֹאת, עוֹדֶנּוּ רַחֲמָיו וְחִבָּתוֹ עֲלֵיכֶם, וּמִכָּל מַה שֶּׁחֲטָאתֶם לְפָנָיו אֵינוֹ שׁוֹאֵל מִכֶּם כי אם ליראה וגו':
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| Only to fear [the Lord your God,…]: Our Rabbis derived from this verse [“And now… what does… God demand of you”] that everything is in the hands of Heaven except the fear of Heaven (Ber. 33b). |
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כִּי אִם־לְיִרְאָה וגו':
וְרַבּוֹתֵינוּ דָּרְשׁוּ מִכָּאן הַכֹּל בִּידֵי שָׁמַיִם חוּץ מִיִּרְאַת שָׁמַיִם (ברכות ל"ג):
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| 13to keep the commandments of the Lord and His statutes, which I command you this day, for your good. |
|
יגלִשְׁמֹ֞ר אֶת־מִצְוֹ֤ת יְהֹוָה֙ וְאֶת־חֻקֹּתָ֔יו אֲשֶׁ֛ר אָֽנֹכִ֥י מְצַוְּךָ֖ הַיּ֑וֹם לְט֖וֹב לָֽךְ: |
| To keep the commandments of the Lord: and this too, is not for nothing, but-for your good-that you should receive a reward. |
|
לִשְׁמֹר אֶת־מִצְוֹת ה':
וְאַף הִיא לֹא לְחִנָּם, אֶלָּא לטוב לך שֶׁתְּקַבְּלוּ שָׂכָר:
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| 14Behold, to the Lord, your God, belong the heavens and the heavens of the heavens, the earth, and all that is on it. |
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ידהֵ֚ן לַֽיהֹוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם וּשְׁמֵ֣י הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם הָאָ֖רֶץ וְכָל־אֲשֶׁר־בָּֽהּ: |
| Behold, to the Lord your God belong: everything, and even so-“Only your forefathers the Lord desired”-out of everything [i.e., the whole universe]. |
|
הֵן לה' אֱלֹהֶיךָ:
הַכֹּל, וְאַף עַל פִּי כֵן, רק באבתיך חשק ה'. מִן הַכֹּל:
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| 15Only your forefathers the Lord desired, to love them, and He chose their seed after them you, out of all peoples, as it is this day. |
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טורַ֧ק בַּֽאֲבֹתֶ֛יךָ חָשַׁ֥ק יְהֹוָ֖ה לְאַֽהֲבָ֣ה אוֹתָ֑ם וַיִּבְחַ֞ר בְּזַרְעָ֣ם אַֽחֲרֵיהֶ֗ם בָּכֶ֛ם מִכָּל־הָֽעַמִּ֖ים כַּיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה: |
| [And He chose…] you: Just as you see yourselves as the most beloved of all peoples, as it is this day. |
|
בָּכֶם:
כְּמוֹ שֶׁאַתֶּם רוֹאִים אֶתְכֶם חֲשׁוּקִים מכל העמים היום הזה:
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| 16You shall circumcise the foreskin of your heart, therefore, and be no more stiffnecked. |
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טזוּמַלְתֶּ֕ם אֵ֖ת עָרְלַ֣ת לְבַבְכֶ֑ם וְעָ֨רְפְּכֶ֔ם לֹ֥א תַקְשׁ֖וּ עֽוֹד: |
| the foreskin of your heart: Heb. עָרְלַת לְבַבְכֶם, the blockage and covering of your heart. |
|
עָרְלַת לְבַבְכֶם:
אֹטֶם לְבַבְכֶם וְכִסּוּיוֹ:
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| 17For the Lord, your God, is God of gods and the Lord of the lords, the great mighty and awesome God, Who will show no favor, nor will He take a bribe. |
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יזכִּ֚י יְהֹוָ֣ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֔ם ה֚וּא אֱלֹהֵ֣י הָֽאֱלֹהִ֔ים וַֽאֲדֹנֵ֖י הָֽאֲדֹנִ֑ים הָאֵ֨ל הַגָּדֹ֤ל הַגִּבֹּר֙ וְהַנּוֹרָ֔א אֲשֶׁר֙ לֹֽא־יִשָּׂ֣א פָנִ֔ים וְלֹ֥א יִקַּ֖ח שֹֽׁחַד: |
| and Lord of the lords: meaning that no lord will be able to deliver you from His hand. |
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וַֽאֲדֹנֵי הָֽאֲדֹנִים:
לֹא יוּכַל שׁוּם אָדוֹן לְהַצִּיל אֶתְכֶם מִיָּדוֹ:
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| Who will show no favor: if you cast off His yoke, |
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לֹֽא־יִשָּׂא פָנִים:
אִם תִּפְרְקוּ עֻלּוֹ:
|
| Nor will He take a bribe: -i.e., to appease Him with money. |
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וְלֹא יִקַּח שֹֽׁחַד:
לְפַיְּסוֹ בְּמָמוֹן:
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| 18He executes the judgment of the orphan and widow, and He loves the stranger, to give him bread and clothing. |
|
יחעֹשֶׂ֛ה מִשְׁפַּ֥ט יָת֖וֹם וְאַלְמָנָ֑ה וְאֹהֵ֣ב גֵּ֔ר לָ֥תֶת ל֖וֹ לֶ֥חֶם וְשִׂמְלָֽה: |
| He executes the judgment of the orphan and widow: [previously, in verse 17,] we had a description of God’s power. Now alongside His power, we find [a description of] His humility (Meg. 31a). |
|
עֹשֶׂה מִשְׁפַּט יָתוֹם וְאַלְמָנָה:
הֲרֵי גְּבוּרָה, וְאֵצֶל גְּבוּרָתוֹ אַתָּה מוֹצֵא עַנְוְתָנוּתוֹ (מגילה ל"א):
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| and He loves the stranger, to give him bread and clothing: and this [provision of bread and clothing] is a matter of great importance, for the very essence of our father Jacob prayed for this [as it says], “And if He will give me bread to eat and a garment to wear” (Gen. 28: 20). - [Gen. Rabbah 70:5] |
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וְאֹהֵב גֵּר לָתֶת לוֹ לֶחֶם וְשִׂמְלָֽה:
וְדָבָר חָשׁוּב הוּא זֶה, שֶׁכָּל עַצְמוֹ שֶׁל יַעֲקֹב אָבִינוּ עַל זֶה נִתְפַּלֵּל (בראשית כ"ח) וְנָתַן לִי לֶחֶם לֶאֱכֹל וּבֶגֶד לִלְבֹּשׁ (בראשית רבה ע'):
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| 19You shall love the stranger, for you were strangers in the land of Egypt. |
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יטוַֽאֲהַבְתֶּ֖ם אֶת־הַגֵּ֑ר כִּֽי־גֵרִ֥ים הֱיִיתֶ֖ם בְּאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם: |
| [You shall love the stranger] for you were strangers: Do not reproach others with your own defect. — [B. M. 59b] |
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כִּֽי־גֵרִים הֱיִיתֶם:
מוּם שֶׁבְּךָ אַל תֹּאמַר לַחֲבֵרְךָ (בבא מציעא נ"ט):
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| 20You shall fear the Lord, your God, worship Him, and cleave to Him and swear by His Name. |
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כאֶת־יְהֹוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֶ֛יךָ תִּירָ֖א אֹת֣וֹ תַֽעֲבֹ֑ד וּב֣וֹ תִדְבָּ֔ק וּבִשְׁמ֖וֹ תִּשָּׁבֵֽעַ: |
| You shall fear the Lord, your God: and worship Him and cleave to Him. After you have all these qualities, then you may swear by His Name. |
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אֶת־ה' אֱלֹהֶיךָ תִּירָא:
וְתַעֲבֹד לוֹ וְתִדְבַּק בּוֹ, וּלְאַחַר שֶׁיִּהְיוּ בְךָ כָּל הַמִּדּוֹת הַלָּלוּ, אָז בִּשְׁמוֹ תִּשָּׁבֵעַ:
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| 21He is your praise and He is your God, Who did these great and awesome things for you, which your eyes have seen. |
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כאה֥וּא תְהִלָּֽתְךָ֖ וְה֣וּא אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֣ה אִתְּךָ֗ אֶת־הַגְּדֹלֹ֤ת וְאֶת־הַנּֽוֹרָאֹת֙ הָאֵ֔לֶּה אֲשֶׁ֥ר רָא֖וּ עֵינֶֽיךָ: |
| 22With seventy souls, Your forefathers descended to Egypt, and now the Lord, your God, has made you as the stars of heaven in abundance. |
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כבבְּשִׁבְעִ֣ים נֶ֔פֶשׁ יָֽרְד֥וּ אֲבֹתֶ֖יךָ מִצְרָ֑יְמָה וְעַתָּ֗ה שָֽׂמְךָ֙ יְהֹוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ כְּכֽוֹכְבֵ֥י הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם לָרֹֽב: |
| 1[Therefore] you shall love the Lord, your God, keep His charge, His statutes, His ordinances, and His commandments, all the days. |
|
אוְאָ֣הַבְתָּ֔ אֵ֖ת יְהֹוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ וְשָֽׁמַרְתָּ֣ מִשְׁמַרְתּ֗וֹ וְחֻקֹּתָ֧יו וּמִשְׁפָּטָ֛יו וּמִצְוֹתָ֖יו כָּל־הַיָּמִֽים: |
| 2And you shall know this day; that [I speak] not with your children, who did not know and who did not see the chastisement of the Lord, your God, His greatness, His mighty hand, and His outstretched arm, |
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בוִֽידַעְתֶּם֘ הַיּוֹם֒ כִּ֣י | לֹ֣א אֶת־בְּנֵיכֶ֗ם אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹא־יָֽדְעוּ֙ וַֽאֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא־רָא֔וּ אֶת־מוּסַ֖ר יְהֹוָ֣ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֑ם אֶת־גָּדְל֕וֹ אֶת־יָדוֹ֙ הַֽחֲזָקָ֔ה וּזְרֹע֖וֹ הַנְּטוּיָֽה: |
| And you shall know this day: Set your attention to know, understand, and accept my reproof. |
|
וִֽידַעְתֶּם הַיּוֹם:
תְּנוּ לֵב לָדַעַת וּלְהָבִין ולְקַבֵּל תּוֹכַחְתִּי:
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| that not with your children: am I now speaking, who would be able to say, “We did not know or see all this.” |
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כִּי לֹא אֶת־בְּנֵיכֶם:
אֲנִי מְדַבֵּר עַכְשָׁו, שֶׁיּוּכְלוּ לוֹמַר אָנוּ לֹא יָדַעְנוּ וְלֹא רָאִינוּ בְּכָל זֶה:
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| 3His signs, and His deeds, which He performed in the midst of Egypt, to Pharaoh, king of Egypt and to his entire land, |
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גוְאֶת־אֹֽתֹתָיו֙ וְאֶת־מַֽעֲשָׂ֔יו אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשָׂ֖ה בְּת֣וֹךְ מִצְרָ֑יִם לְפַרְעֹ֥ה מֶֽלֶךְ־מִצְרַ֖יִם וּלְכָל־אַרְצֽוֹ: |
| 4and what He did to the army of Egypt, to its steeds, and to its chariots, that He caused the waters of the Red Sea to inundate them when they pursued you, and the Lord destroyed them, to this day, |
|
דוַֽאֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׂה֩ לְחֵ֨יל מִצְרַ֜יִם לְסוּסָ֣יו וּלְרִכְבּ֗וֹ אֲשֶׁ֨ר הֵצִ֜יף אֶת־מֵ֤י יַם־סוּף֙ עַל־פְּנֵיהֶ֔ם בְּרָדְפָ֖ם אַֽחֲרֵיכֶ֑ם וַיְאַבְּדֵ֣ם יְהֹוָ֔ה עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה: |
| 5and what He did for you in the desert, until you arrived at this place, |
|
הוַֽאֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשָׂ֛ה לָכֶ֖ם בַּמִּדְבָּ֑ר עַד־בֹּֽאֲכֶ֖ם עַד־הַמָּק֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה: |
| 6and what He did to Dathan and Abiram, sons of Eliab, the son of Reuben, that the earth opened its mouth and swallowed them up and their households and their tents, and all the possessions at their feet, in the midst of all Israel. |
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ווַֽאֲשֶׁ֨ר עָשָׂ֜ה לְדָתָ֣ן וְלַֽאֲבִירָ֗ם בְּנֵ֣י אֱלִיאָב֘ בֶּן־רְאוּבֵן֒ אֲשֶׁ֨ר פָּֽצְתָ֤ה הָאָ֨רֶץ֙ אֶת־פִּ֔יהָ וַתִּבְלָעֵ֥ם וְאֶת־בָּֽתֵּיהֶ֖ם וְאֶת־אָֽהֳלֵיהֶ֑ם וְאֵ֤ת כָּל־הַיְקוּם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּרַגְלֵיהֶ֔ם בְּקֶ֖רֶב כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל: |
| [That the earth opened its mouth, and swallowed them up…] in the midst of all Israel: Wherever one of them fled, there the earth split under him and swallowed him up; these are the words of Rabbi Judah. Rabbi Nehemiah said to him: But has it not already been stated, “And the earth opened its mouth” (Num. 16:32), and not, “its mouths” [implying that the earth opened up at only one place]? Rabbi Judah said to him: How, then, do you [Reggio ed.] explain: “in the midst of all Israel” [implying it opened up in many areas]? Rabbi Nehemiah replied to him: The earth began to slope as a funnel, and wherever one of them happened to be, he rolled down until he reached the place where the earth was split (Tanchuma Buber , addendum to Korach 4). |
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בְּקֶרֶב כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל:
כָּל מָקוֹם שֶׁהָיָה אֶחָד מֵהֶם בּוֹרֵחַ הָאָרֶץ נִבְקַעַת מִתַּחְתָּיו וּבוֹלַעְתּוֹ, אֵלּוּ דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי יְהוּדָה, אָמַר לוֹ רַבִּי נְחֶמְיָה וַהֲלֹא כְבָר נֶאֱמַר (במדבר ט"ז) וַתִּפְתַּח הָאָרֶץ אֶת פִּיהָ – וְלֹא פִּיּוֹתֶיהָ. אָמַר לוֹ וּמָה אֲנִי מְקַיֵּם בקרב כל ישראל? אָמַר לוֹ שֶׁנַּעֲשֵׂית הָאָרֶץ מִדְרוֹן כְּמַשְׁפֵּךְ, וְכָל מָקוֹם שֶׁהָיָה אֶחָד מֵהֶם הָיָה מִתְגַּלְגֵּל וּבָא עַד מְקוֹם הַבְּקִיעָה (עי' ילקוט שמעוני תשנ"ב):
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| and all the possessions at their feet: Heb. וְאֶת כָּל-הַיְקוּם אֲשֶׁר בְּרַגְלֵיהֶם This is a man’s money, which sets him on his feet. - [San. 110a] |
|
וְאֶת־כָּל־הַיְקוּם אֲשֶׁר בְּרַגְלֵיהֶם:
זֶה מָמוֹנוֹ שֶׁל אָדָם שֶׁמַּעֲמִידוֹ עַל רַגְלָיו (סנהדרין ק"י):
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| 7But your eyes, which have seen all the great work of the Lord, which He did. |
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זכִּ֤י עֵֽינֵיכֶם֙ הָֽרֹאֹ֔ת אֵ֛ת כָּל־מַֽעֲשֵׂ֥ה יְהֹוָ֖ה הַגָּדֹ֑ל אֲשֶׁ֖ר עָשָֽׂה: |
| But your eyes, which have seen: This is connected to the verse stated above (verse 2), “That [I speak] not with your children, who did not know…,” but rather with you-“your eyes, which have seen…” [i.e. to you, whose eyes have seen…] |
|
כִּי עֵֽינֵיכֶם הָֽרֹאֹת:
מֻסָּב עַל הַמִּקְרָא הָאָמוּר לְמַעְלָה – כִּי לֹא אֶת בְּנֵיכֶם אֲשֶׁר לֹא יָדְעוּ כִּי אִם עִמָּכֶם אֲשֶׁר עֵינֵיכֶם הָרֹאֹת וְגוֹ':
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| 8[Therefore] keep all the commandments that I command you this day, in order that you may be strong and come and possess the land to which you are crossing, to possess it, |
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חוּשְׁמַרְתֶּם֙ אֶת־כָּל־הַמִּצְוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֛ר אָֽנֹכִ֥י מְצַוְּךָ֖ הַיּ֑וֹם לְמַ֣עַן תֶּֽחֶזְק֗וּ וּבָאתֶם֙ וִירִשְׁתֶּ֣ם אֶת־הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֥ר אַתֶּ֛ם עֹֽבְרִ֥ים שָׁ֖מָּה לְרִשְׁתָּֽהּ: |
| 9and in order that you may prolong your days on the land that the Lord swore to your forefathers to give to them and to their seed a land flowing with milk and honey. |
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טוּלְמַ֨עַן תַּֽאֲרִ֤יכוּ יָמִים֙ עַל־הָ֣אֲדָמָ֔ה אֲשֶׁר֩ נִשְׁבַּ֨ע יְהֹוָ֧ה לַֽאֲבֹֽתֵיכֶ֛ם לָתֵ֥ת לָהֶ֖ם וּלְזַרְעָ֑ם אֶ֛רֶץ זָבַ֥ת חָלָ֖ב וּדְבָֽשׁ: |
