1And the days of David drew near that he should die; and he charged Solomon, his son, saying: |
|
אוַיִּקְרְב֥וּ יְמֵֽי־דָוִ֖ד לָמ֑וּת וַיְצַ֛ו אֶת־שְׁלֹמֹ֥ה בְנ֖וֹ לֵאמֹֽר: |
2"I go the way of all the earth; you shall be strong, therefore, and show yourself a man; |
|
באָנֹכִ֣י הֹלֵ֔ךְ בְּדֶ֖רֶךְ כָּל־הָאָ֑רֶץ וְחָזַקְתָּ֖ וְהָיִ֥יתָֽ לְאִֽישׁ: |
3And keep the charge of the Lord your God to walk in His ways, to keep His statutes, and His commandments, and His judgments, and His testimonies, as it is written in the law of Moses, that you may prosper in all that you do, and wherever you turn; |
|
גוְשָׁמַרְתָּ֞ אֶת־מִשְׁמֶ֣רֶת | יְהֹוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֗יךָ לָלֶ֚כֶת בִּדְרָכָיו֙ לִשְׁמֹ֨ר חֻקֹּתָ֚יו מִצְוֹתָיו֙ וּמִשְׁפָּטָ֣יו וְעֵדְוֹתָ֔יו כַּכָּת֖וּב בְּתוֹרַ֣ת משֶׁ֑ה לְמַ֣עַן תַּשְׂכִּ֗יל אֵת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֣ר תַּֽעֲשֶֹ֔ה וְאֵ֛ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר תִּפְנֶ֖ה שָֽׁם: |
4That the Lord may continue His word which He spoke concerning me, saying, 'If your children take heed to their way, to walk before Me in truth with all their heart and with all their soul, there shall not fail you,' said He, 'a man on the throne of Israel.' |
|
דלְמַעַן֩ יָקִ֨ים יְהֹוָ֜ה אֶת־דְּבָר֗וֹ אֲשֶׁ֨ר דִּבֶּ֣ר עָלַי֘ לֵאמֹר֒ אִם־יִשְׁמְר֨וּ בָנֶ֜יךָ אֶת־דַּרְכָּ֗ם לָלֶ֚כֶת לְפָנַי֙ בֶּאֱמֶ֔ת בְּכָל־לְבָבָ֖ם וּבְכָל־נַפְשָׁ֑ם לֵאמֹ֕ר לֹֽא־יִכָּרֵ֚ת לְךָ֙ אִ֔ישׁ מֵעַ֖ל כִּסֵּ֥א יִשְׂרָאֵֽל: |
5Moreover, you also know what Joab the son of Zeruiah did to me, (and) what he did to the two captains of the hosts of Israel, to Abner the son of Ner, and to Amasa the son of Jether, whom he slew, and shed the blood of war in peace and put the blood of war upon his girdle (that was) about his loins, and in his shoes that (were) on his feet. |
|
הוְגַ֣ם אַתָּ֣ה יָדַ֡עְתָּ אֵת֩ אֲשֶׁר־עָ֨שָׂה לִ֜י יוֹאָ֣ב בֶּן־צְרוּיָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָֹ֣ה לִשְׁנֵֽי־שָׂרֵ֣י צִבְא֣וֹת יִ֠שְׂרָאֵל לְאַבְנֵ֨ר בֶּן־נֵ֜ר וְלַעֲמָשָֹ֚א בֶן־יֶ֙תֶר֙ וַיַּ֣הַרְגֵ֔ם וַיָּ֥שֶׂם דְּמֵֽי־מִלְחָמָ֖ה בְּשָׁלֹ֑ם וַיִּתֵּ֞ן דְּמֵ֣י מִלְחָמָ֗ה בַּחֲגֹֽרָתוֹ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּמָתְנָ֔יו וּֽבְנַעֲל֖וֹ אֲשֶׁ֥ר בְּרַגְלָֽיו: |
You also know what Joab the son of Zeruiah did to me. by showing them the letter which David had sent through Uriah. |
|
אֶת אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה לִי.
שֶׁהֶרְאָה הַסֵּפֶר שֶׁשָּׁלַח דָּוִד בְּיַד אוּרִיָּה. (במדרש רבי תנחומא שם)
|
And shed the blood of war in peace. Since they were at peace with him, they were not on guard against him. |
|
דְּמֵי מִלְחָמָה בְּשָׁלֹם.
שֶׁהָיָה לָהֶם שָׁלוֹם עִמּוֹ, וְלֹא הָיוּ נִשְׁמָרִים מִמֶּנּוּ.
|
And he put the blood of war upon his girdle that was about his loins. He had girded his sword, attached to his loins, not in the customary manner of those girding swords, and he went out to meet Amasa. He turned the opening downward so that it should easily fall out of the sheath to the ground as it says (Samuel II 20:8) “and he went out towards Amasa and it fell out.” As soon as it fell, Joab [nonchalantly] retrieved it, and held it ready in his hand. Amasa presumed he retrieved it solely to pick it up from the ground, and was not alert to guard himself against an attack from the sword which was in Joab’s hand. |
|
בַּחֲגֹרָתוֹ אֲשֶׁר בְּמָתְנָיו.
שֶׁחָגַר חַרְבּוֹ מְצֻמֶּדֶת עַל מָתְנָיו, שֶׁלֹּא כְּדֶרֶךְ הַחוֹגְרִים, בְּצֵאתוֹ לִקְרַאת עֲמָשָׂא, וּפִיהָ לְמַטָּה כְּדֵי שֶׁתִּפֹּל, כְּמָה שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וְהוּא יָצָא וַתִּפֹּל, וּכְשֶׁנָּפְלָה וּנְטָלָהּ, כְּסָבוּר עֲמָשָׂא שֶׁלֹּא נְטָלָהּ אֶלָּא לְהַגְבִּיהָהּ מִן הָאָרֶץ, וְלֹא נִשְׁמַר מֵהַחֶרֶב אֲשֶׁר בְּיַד יוֹאָב.
|
and in his shoes that (were) on his feet. |
|
וּבְנַעֲלוֹ אֲשֶׁר בְּרַגְלָיו.
אֶת אַבְנֵר הָרַג בְּעָרְמָה, שֶׁשְּׁאָלוֹ גִּדֶּמֶת הֵיאָךְ חוֹלֶצֶת, כְּמָה שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וַיַּטֵּהוּ יוֹאָב אֶל תּוֹךְ הַשַּׁעַר לְדַבֵּר אִתּוֹ 'בַשֶּׁלִי', לְשׁוֹן 'שַׁל' נְעָלֶיךָ.
|
6And you shall do according to your wisdom, and do not let his hoary head go down to the grave in peace. |
|
ווְעָשִֹ֖יתָ כְּחָכְמָתֶ֑ךָ וְלֹֽא־תוֹרֵ֧ד שֵׂיבָת֛וֹ בְּשָׁלֹ֖ם שְׁאֹֽל: |
And do not let his hoary head go down to the grave in peace. Do not let him die a natural death [since this will minimize his worldly punishment] and cause him to fall into purgatory for torturous purification. |
|
וְלֹא תוֹרֵד שֵׂיבָתוֹ בְּשָׁלֹם שְׁאֹל.
אַל תַּנִּיחֵהוּ לָמוּת מִיתַת עַצְמוֹ וְלִפֹּל בְּגֵיהִנֹּם.
|
7But show kindness to the children of Barzillai the Gileadite, and let them be of those that eat at your table, for so did they befriend me when I fled from Absalom your brother. |
|
זוְלִבְנֵ֨י בַרְזִלַּ֚י הַגִּלְעָדִי֙ תַּֽעֲשֶׂה־חֶ֔סֶד וְהָי֖וּ בְּאֹכְלֵ֣י שֻׁלְחָנֶ֑ךָ כִּי־כֵן֙ קָרְב֣וּ אֵלַ֔י בְּבָרְחִ֕י מִפְּנֵ֖י אַבְשָׁל֥וֹם אָחִֽיךָ: |
8And, behold, there is with you Shimei the son of Gera the Benjamite of Bahurim, who cursed me with a grievous curse on the day when I went to Mahanaim, and he came down to meet me at the Jordan, and I swore to him by the Lord, saying, 'I will not put you to death with the sword.' |
|
חוְהִנֵּ֣ה עִ֠מְּךָ שִֽׁמְעִ֨י בֶן־גֵּרָ֥א בֶן־הַיְמִינִי֘ מִבַּחֻרִים֒ וְה֚וּא קִֽלְלַ֙נִי֙ קְלָלָ֣ה נִמְרֶ֔צֶת בְּי֖וֹם לֶכְתִּ֣י מַחֲנָ֑יִם וְהֽוּא־יָרַ֚ד לִקְרָאתִי֙ הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן וָאֶשָּׁ֨בַֽע ל֚וֹ בַֽיהֹוָה֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר אִם־אֲמִֽיתְךָ֖ בֶּחָֽרֶב: |
Who cursed me with a grievous curse. [Others maintain] נִמְרֶצֶת means clear and unquestionable as (we find) in (Job 16:3): “what will bring clarity to you (ימריצך),” and (Job 6:25): “how clear (נמרצו) are right words,” the same as נִמְלְצוּ a derivation of the word מְלִיצָה, an interpretation or clarification. |
|
קְלָלָה נִמְרֶצֶת.
מְפֹרֶשֶׁת, כְּמוֹ: מַה יַּמְרִיצְךָ; (שם ו כה): וּמַה נִּמְרְצוּ, כְּמוֹ מַה נִּמְלְצוּ.
|
9And now hold him not guiltless, for you are a wise man, and you will surely know what you ought to do to him, and you shall bring his hoary head down to the grave with blood." |
|
טוְעַתָּה֙ אַל־תְּנַקֵּ֔הוּ כִּ֛י אִ֥ישׁ חָכָ֖ם אָ֑תָּה וְיָֽדַעְתָּ֙ אֵ֣ת אֲשֶׁ֣ר תַּֽעֲשֶׂה־לּ֔וֹ וְהוֹרַדְתָּ֧ אֶת־שֵׂיבָת֛וֹ בְּדָ֖ם שְׁאֽוֹל: |
For you are a wise man. Turn your attention to find for him an iniquity justifying a death penalty in another matter. |
|
כִּי אִישׁ חָכָם אָתָּה.
תֵּן לִבְּךָ לִמְצֹא לוֹ עֲוֹן מָוֶת בִּשְׁבִיל דָּבָר אַחֵר, וְזֶהוּ: וְיָדַעְתָּ אֵת אֲשֶׁר תַּעֲשֶׂה לּוֹ.
|
10And David slept with his fathers, and was buried in the city of David. |
|
יוַיִּשְׁכַּ֥ב דָּוִ֖ד עִם־אֲבֹתָ֑יו וַיִּקָּבֵ֖ר בְּעִ֥יר דָּוִֽד: |
11And the days that David reigned over Israel (were) forty years, seven years he reigned in Hebron, and in Jerusalem he reigned thirty-three years. |
|
יאוְהַיָּמִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֨ר מָלַ֚ךְ דָּוִד֙ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אַרְבָּעִ֖ים שָׁנָ֑ה בְּחֶבְר֚וֹן מָלַךְ֙ שֶׁ֣בַע שָׁנִ֔ים וּבִירוּשָׁלַ֣םִ מָלַ֔ךְ שְׁלשִׁ֥ים וְשָׁל֖שׁ שָׁנִֽים: |
12And Solomon sat upon the throne of David his father, and his kingdom was firmly established. |
|
יבוּשְׁלֹמֹ֕ה יָשַׁ֕ב עַל־כִּסֵּ֖א דָּוִ֣ד אָבִ֑יו וַתִּכֹּ֥ן מַלְכֻת֖וֹ מְאֹֽד: |
And his kingdom was firmly established. He was also master and ruler of all heavenly creatures and beings. |
|
וַתִּכֹּן מַלְכֻתוֹ מְאֹד.
אַף עַל הָעֶלְיוֹנִים.
|