| 43And Laban answered and said to Jacob, "The daughters are my daughters, and the sons are my sons, and the animals are my animals, and all that you see is mine. Now, what would I do to these daughters of mine today, or to their children, whom they have borne? |
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מגוַיַּ֨עַן לָבָ֜ן וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֶל־יַֽעֲקֹ֗ב הַבָּנ֨וֹת בְּנֹתַ֜י וְהַבָּנִ֤ים בָּנַי֙ וְהַצֹּ֣אן צֹאנִ֔י וְכֹ֛ל אֲשֶׁר־אַתָּ֥ה רֹאֶ֖ה לִי־ה֑וּא וְלִבְנֹתַ֞י מָה־אֶֽעֱשֶׂ֤ה לָאֵ֨לֶּה֙ הַיּ֔וֹם א֥וֹ לִבְנֵיהֶ֖ן אֲשֶׁ֥ר יָלָֽדוּ: |
| Now, what would I do there?: How could I entertain the thought of harming them? |
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מָה־אֶֽעֱשֶׂה לָאֵלֶּה:
אֵיךְ תַּעֲלֶה עַל לִבִּי לְהָרַע לָהֶן:
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| 44So now, come, let us form a covenant, you and I, and may He be a witness between me and you." |
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מדוְעַתָּ֗ה לְכָ֛ה נִכְרְתָ֥ה בְרִ֖ית אֲנִ֣י וָאָ֑תָּה וְהָיָ֥ה לְעֵ֖ד בֵּינִ֥י וּבֵינֶֽךָ: |
| may He be a witness: [I.e.] the Holy One, blessed be He [will be a witness]. |
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וְהָיָה לְעֵד:
הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא:
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| 45So Jacob took a stone and set it up [as] a monument. |
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מהוַיִּקַּ֥ח יַֽעֲקֹ֖ב אָ֑בֶן וַיְרִימֶ֖הָ מַצֵּבָֽה: |
| 46And Jacob said to his kinsmen, "Gather stones," and they took stones and made a pile, and they ate there by the pile. |
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מווַיֹּ֨אמֶר יַֽעֲקֹ֤ב לְאֶחָיו֙ לִקְט֣וּ אֲבָנִ֔ים וַיִּקְח֥וּ אֲבָנִ֖ים וַיַּֽעֲשׂוּ־גָ֑ל וַיֹּ֥אכְלוּ שָׁ֖ם עַל־הַגָּֽל: |
| to his kinsmen: [lit., to his brothers.] They are his sons, who were to him like brothers, drawing near him for trouble or for war (Gen. Rabbah 74:13). |
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לְאֶחָיו:
הֵם בָּנָיו שֶׁהָיוּ לוֹ אַחִים, נִגָּשִׁים אֵלָיו לְצָרָה וּלְמִלְחָמָה (בראשית רבה):
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| 47And Laban called it Yegar Sahadutha, but Jacob called it Gal ed. |
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מזוַיִּקְרָא־ל֣וֹ לָבָ֔ן יְגַ֖ר שָֽׂהֲדוּתָ֑א וְיַ֣עֲקֹ֔ב קָ֥רָא ל֖וֹ גַּלְעֵֽד: |
| Yegar Sahadutha: The Aramaic translation of Gal-ed. |
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יְגַר שָֽׂהֲדוּתָא:
תַּרְגּוּמוֹ שֶׁל גַּלְעֵד:
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| 48And Laban said, "This pile is a witness between me and you today." Therefore, he called it Gal ed. |
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מחוַיֹּ֣אמֶר לָבָ֔ן הַגַּ֨ל הַזֶּ֥ה עֵ֛ד בֵּינִ֥י וּבֵֽינְךָ֖ הַיּ֑וֹם עַל־כֵּ֥ן קָֽרָא־שְׁמ֖וֹ גַּלְעֵֽד: |
| Therefore, he called it Gal-ed: The pile is a witness. |
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גלעד: גלעד: |
| 49And Mizpah, because he said, "May the Lord look between me and you when we are hidden from each other. |
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מטוְהַמִּצְפָּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אָמַ֔ר יִ֥צֶף יְהֹוָ֖ה בֵּינִ֣י וּבֵינֶ֑ךָ כִּ֥י נִסָּתֵ֖ר אִ֥ישׁ מֵֽרֵעֵֽהוּ: |
| And Mizpah, because he said, etc.: And Mizpah, which is on Mount Gilead, as it is written (Jud. 11:29): “and he passed over Mizpeh of Gilead.” Now, why was it named Mizpah? Because each one said to the other, “May the Lord look (יִצֶף) between me and you if you transgress the covenant.” |
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וְהַמִּצְפָּה אֲשֶׁר אָמַר וגו':
וְהַמִּצְפָּה אֲשֶׁר בְּהַר הַגִּלְעָד, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב וַיַּעֲבֹר אֶת מִצְפֵּה גִלְעָד (שופטים י"א), וְלָמָּה נִקְרֵאת שְׁמָהּ מִצְפָּה? לְפִי שֶׁאָמַר אֶחָד מֵהֶם לַחֲבֵרוֹ, יִצֶף ה' בֵּינִי וּבֵינֶךָ אִם תַּעֲבֹר אֶת הַבְּרִית:
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| when we are hidden: And we do not see each other. |
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כִּי נִסָּתֵר:
וְלֹא נִרְאֶה אִישׁ אֶת רֵעֵהוּ:
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| 50If you afflict my daughters, or if you take wives in addition to my daughters when no one is with us, behold! God is a witness between me and you." |
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נאִם־תְּעַנֶּ֣ה אֶת־בְּנֹתַ֗י וְאִם־תִּקַּ֤ח נָשִׁים֙ עַל־בְּנֹתַ֔י אֵ֥ין אִ֖ישׁ עִמָּ֑נוּ רְאֵ֕ה אֱלֹהִ֥ים עֵ֖ד בֵּינִ֥י וּבֵינֶֽךָ: |
| …my daughters…my daughters: Twice. Bilhah and Zilpah were also his daughters from a concubine. — [from Pirkei d’Rabbi Eliezer, ch. 36] |
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בְּנֹתַי בְּנֹתַי:
שְׁתֵּי פְעָמִים, אַף בִּלְהָה וְזִלְפָּה בְּנוֹתָיו הָיוּ מִפִּילֶגֶשׁ:
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| If you afflict my daughters: By depriving them of their conjugal rights (Yoma 77). |
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אִם־תְּעַנֶּה אֶת־בְּנֹתַי:
לִמְנֹע מֵהֶן עוֹנַת תַּשְׁמִישׁ (יומא ע"ז):
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| 51And Laban said to Jacob, "Behold this pile and behold this monument, which I have cast between me and you. |
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נאוַיֹּ֥אמֶר לָבָ֖ן לְיַֽעֲקֹ֑ב הִנֵּ֣ה | הַגַּ֣ל הַזֶּ֗ה וְהִנֵּה֙ הַמַּצֵּבָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר יָרִ֖יתִי בֵּינִ֥י וּבֵינֶֽךָ: |
| which I have cast: Heb. יָרִיתִי, similar to (Exod. 15:4): “He cast (יָרָה) into the sea,” like one who shoots an arrow. — [from Gen. Rabbah 74:15] |
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יָרִיתִי:
כְּמוֹ יָרָה בַיָּם, כְּזֶה שֶׁהוּא יוֹרֶה הַחֵץ:
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| 52This pile is a witness, and this monument is a witness, that I will not pass this pile [to go] to you and that you shall not pass this pile and this monument to [come to] me to [do] harm. |
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נבעֵ֚ד הַגַּ֣ל הַזֶּ֔ה וְעֵדָ֖ה הַמַּצֵּבָ֑ה אִם־אָ֗נִי לֹא־אֶֽעֱבֹ֤ר אֵלֶ֨יךָ֙ אֶת־הַגַּ֣ל הַזֶּ֔ה וְאִם־אַ֠תָּ֠ה לֹא־תַֽעֲבֹ֨ר אֵלַ֜י אֶת־הַגַּ֥ל הַזֶּ֛ה וְאֶת־הַמַּצֵּבָ֥ה הַזֹּ֖את לְרָעָֽה: |
| that I: Heb. אִם. Here אִם is used as an expression of אִשֶׁר, that, like (above 24:33): “until (אִם) I have spoken my words.” |
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אִם־אָנִי:
הֲרֵי אִם מְשַׁמֵּשׁ בִּלְשׁוֹן אֲשֶׁר, כְּמוֹ עַד אִם דִּבַּרְתִּי דְּבָרָי:
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| to [do] harm: To do harm you may not pass, but you may pass to do business. — [from Gen. Rabbah 74:15] |
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לְרָעָֽה:
לְרָעָה אִי אַתָּה עוֹבֵר, אַבָל אַתָּה עוֹבֵר לִפְרַקְמַטְיָה:
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| 53May the God of Abraham and the god of Nahor judge between us, the god of their father." And Jacob swore by the Fear of his father Isaac. |
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נגאֱלֹהֵ֨י אַבְרָהָ֜ם וֵֽאלֹהֵ֤י נָחוֹר֙ יִשְׁפְּט֣וּ בֵינֵ֔ינוּ אֱלֹהֵ֖י אֲבִיהֶ֑ם וַיִּשָּׁבַ֣ע יַֽעֲקֹ֔ב בְּפַ֖חַד אָבִ֥יו יִצְחָֽק: |
| the God of Abraham: This is holy. [I.e., it refers to the Deity.]- [from Gen. Rabbah 74:16] |
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אֱלֹהֵי אַבְרָהָם:
קֹדֶשׁ (בראשית רבה):
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| and the god of Nahor: Profane. [I.e., it refers to pagan deities.]- [from Gen. Rabbah 74:16] |
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וֵֽאלֹהֵי נָחוֹר:
חֹל:
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| the god of their father: Profane. [I.e., it refers to pagan deities.] |
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אֱלֹהֵי אֲבִיהֶם:
חֹל:
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| 54And Jacob slaughtered a slaughtering on the mountain, and he invited his friends to eat a meal, and they ate bread and lodged on the mountain. |
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נדוַיִּזְבַּ֨ח יַֽעֲקֹ֥ב זֶ֨בַח֙ בָּהָ֔ר וַיִּקְרָ֥א לְאֶחָ֖יו לֶֽאֱכָל־לָ֑חֶם וַיֹּ֣אכְלוּ לֶ֔חֶם וַיָּלִ֖ינוּ בָּהָֽר: |
| And Jacob slaughtered a slaughtering: He slaughtered animals for a feast. |
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וַיִּזְבַּח יַֽעֲקֹב זֶבַח:
שָׁחַט בְּהֵמוֹת לְמִשְׁתֶּה:
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| his friends: [Heb. לְאֶחָיו, lit., to his brothers.] To his friends who were with Laban. |
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לְאֶחָיו:
לְאוֹהֲבָיו שֶׁעִם לָבָן:
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| to eat a meal: Heb. לָחֶם. Any kind of foodstuff is called לֶחֶם [not only bread], like (Dan. 5:1): “made a great feast (לֶחֶם);” (Jer. 11:19): “Let us destroy his food (בְּלַחְמוֹ) with wood.” |
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לֶֽאֱכָל־לָחֶם:
כָּל דְּבַר מַאֲכָל קָרוּי לֶחֶם, כְּמוֹ עֲבַד לְחֶם רַב (דניאל ה'), נַשְׁחִיתָה עֵץ בְּלַחְמוֹ (ירמיהו י"א):
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