Bamidbar (Numbers) Chapter 28

1God spoke to Moses, saying:   אוַיְדַבֵּ֥ר יְהֹוָ֖ה אֶל־משֶׁ֥ה לֵּאמֹֽר:
2“Command the Israelites and say to them: ‘You must watch over My offering, My food for My Altar-fire, which you offer up to please Me. You are to offer it up to Me at its appointed time.’   בצַ֚ו אֶת־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְאָֽמַרְתָּ֖ אֲלֵהֶ֑ם אֶת־קָרְבָּנִ֨י לַחְמִ֜י לְאִשַּׁ֗י רֵ֚יחַ נִֽיחֹחִ֔י תִּשְׁמְר֕וּ לְהַקְרִ֥יב לִ֖י בְּמֽוֹעֲדֽוֹ:
צַו אֶת־בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל - Command the Israelites. What is stated above? “Let God appoint.” The Holy One, blessed be He, said to Moses: “Before you instruct Me regarding My children, instruct My children regarding Me.” This is comparable to a princess who was about to leave this world and was instructing her husband about her children’s care(He said to her: before you instruct me about my children, instruct them regarding me, that they not rebel against me or disparage me), as stated in Sifrei.   צַו אֶת־בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל.  מָה אָמוּר לְמַעְלָה? יִפְקֹד ה', אָמַר לוֹ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא עַד שֶׁאַתָּה מְצַוֵּנִי עַל בָּנַי, צַוֵּה אֶת בָּנַי עָלַי, מָשָׁל לְבַת מֶלֶךְ שֶׁהָיְתָה נִפְטֶרֶת מִן הָעוֹלָם וְהָיְתָה מְפַקֶּדֶת בַּעְלָהּ עַל בָּנֶיהָ וְכוּ' כִּדְאִיתָא בְסִפְרֵי:
קָרְבָּנִי - My offering. This refers to the blood.   קָרְבָּנִי.  זֶה הַדָּם:
לַחְמִי - My food. This refers to the portions designated to be burned, and so it says: “The priest must burn them up on the Altar as food for the fire.” 1   לַחְמִי.  אֵלּוּ אֵמוּרִין, וְכֵן הוּא אוֹמֵר (ויקרא ג') "וְהִקְטִירָם הַכֹּהֵן הַמִּזְבֵּחָה לֶחֶם אִשֶּׁה" (ספרי):
לְאִשַּׁי - For My fire - means: which are placed on the fire of My Altar.   לְאִשַּׁי.  הַנִּתָּנִין לְאִשֵּׁי מִזְבְּחִי:
תִּשְׁמְרוּ - You must watch - i.e., there must be priests, Levites, and Israelites standing nearby as it is offered up. From here our sages derived the imperative to institute maamadot (rotating weekly groups of stationed representatives).   תִּשְׁמְרוּ.  שֶׁיִּהְיוּ כֹּהֲנִים וּלְוִיִּם וְיִשְׂרָאֵל עוֹמְדִין עַל גַּבָּיו, מִכָּאן לָמְדוּ וְתִקְּנוּ מַעֲמָדוֹת (תענית כ"ו):
בְּמֽוֹעֲדֽוֹ - At its appointed time - i.e., each individual day is a separate appointed time for the continual offerings, so a missed offering cannot be made up on another day.   בְּמֽוֹעֲדֽוֹ.  בְּכָל יוֹם הוּא מוֹעֵד הַתְּמִידִים:
3You must say to them, ‘This is the fire-offering that you must offer up to God: two unblemished, one-year-old lambs each day as a continual ascent-offering.   גוְאָֽמַרְתָּ֣ לָהֶ֔ם זֶ֚ה הָֽאִשֶּׁ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר תַּקְרִ֖יבוּ לַֽיהֹוָ֑ה כְּבָשִׂ֨ים בְּנֵֽי־שָׁנָ֧ה תְמִימִ֛ם שְׁנַ֥יִם לַיּ֖וֹם עֹלָ֥ה תָמִֽיד:
וְאָֽמַרְתָּ לָהֶם - You must say to them. This is an instruction to the court to make sure these details are carried out.   וְאָֽמַרְתָּ לָהֶם.  אַזְהָרָה לְבֵית דִּין (ספרי):
שְׁנַיִם לַיּוֹם - Two each day - its meaning as its plain sense implies. However, its main purpose in being stated is to teach us that they are slaughtered opposite the day, i.e., the sun: the morning continual offering in the western part, and the afternoon offering in the eastern part of the slaughtering area, where the rings are located.   שְׁנַיִם לַיּוֹם.  כִּפְשׁוּטוֹ, וְעִקָּרוֹ בָא לְלַמֵּד שֶׁיִּהְיוּ נִשְׁחָטִין כְּנֶגֶד הַיּוֹם — תָּמִיד שֶׁל שַׁחַר בַּמַּעֲרָב וְשֶׁל בֵּין הָעַרְבַּיִם בְּמִזְרָחָן שֶׁל טַבָּעוֹת (ספרי; יומא ס"ב):
4You must offer up one lamb in the morning, and you must offer up the other lamb in the afternoon,   דאֶת־הַכֶּ֥בֶשׂ אֶחָ֖ד תַּֽעֲשֶׂ֣ה בַבֹּ֑קֶר וְאֵת֙ הַכֶּ֣בֶשׂ הַשֵּׁנִ֔י תַּֽעֲשֶׂ֖ה בֵּ֥ין הָֽעַרְבָּֽיִם:
אֶת־הַכֶּבֶשׂ אֶחָד - One lamb. Although it was already stated in parashat VeAtah Tetzaveh: 2 “This is what you must offer up…,” that was an instruction only for the days of inauguration, but here He commanded it for all generations.   אֶת־הַכֶּבֶשׂ אֶחָד.  אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁכְּבָר נֶאֱמַר בְּפָרָשַׁת וְאַתָּה תְּצַוֶּה "וְזֶה אֲשֶׁר תַּעֲשֶׂה" וְגוֹ' (שמות כט לח), הִיא הָיְתָה אַזְהָרָה לִימֵי הַמִּלּוּאִים וְכָאן צִוָּה לַדּוֹרוֹת:
5and one-tenth of an ephah of fine flour for a grain-offering, mixed with a quarter of a hin of crushed-olive oil.   הוַֽעֲשִׂירִ֧ית הָֽאֵיפָ֛ה סֹ֖לֶת לְמִנְחָ֑ה בְּלוּלָ֛ה בְּשֶׁ֥מֶן כָּתִ֖ית רְבִיעִ֥ת הַהִֽין:
סֹלֶת לְמִנְחָה - Fine flour for a grain-offering - i.e., the grain-offering of libations that usually accompanies a sacrifice.   סֹלֶת לְמִנְחָה.  מִנְחַת נְסָכִים: