| 35The eighth day must be a time of restriction for you; you must not perform any mundane work. |
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להבַּיּוֹם֙ הַשְּׁמִינִ֔י עֲצֶ֖רֶת תִּֽהְיֶ֣ה לָכֶ֑ם כָּל־מְלֶ֥אכֶת עֲבֹדָ֖ה לֹ֥א תַֽעֲשֽׂוּ: |
| עֲצֶרֶת תִּֽהְיֶה לָכֶם - Must be a time of restriction for you - i.e., you are restricted in doing work. Another explanation: עֲצֶרֶת indicates: “refrain” (עִצְרוּ) from leaving Jerusalem, which teaches us that one is required to spend the night there. And the aggadic interpretation of this restriction is: Because they had brought sacrifices for the benefit of the 70 nations during all previous days of the festival, when they came to leave, the Omnipresent said to them: “I beg of you, make a small meal for Me so that I can enjoy your company,” which is demonstrated by the offering of this day: |
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עֲצֶרֶת תִּֽהְיֶה לָכֶם.
עֲצוּרִים בַּעֲשִׂיַּת מְלָאכָה; דָּבָר אַחֵר, עצרת — עִצְרוּ מִלָּצֵאת, מְלַמֵּד שֶׁטָּעוּן לִינָה; וּמִדְרָשׁוֹ בַאַגָּדָה לְפִי שֶׁכָּל יְמוֹת הָרֶגֶל הִקְרִיבוּ כְנֶגֶד שִׁבְעִים אֻמּוֹת, וּבָאִין לָלֶכֶת, אָמַר לָהֶם הַמָּקוֹם בְּבַקָּשָׁה מִכֶּם עֲשׂוּ לִי סְעוּדָה קְטַנָּה כְּדֵי שֶׁאֵהָנֶה מִכֶּם (סוכה נ"ה):
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| 36You must offer up an ascent-offering as a fire-offering pleasing to God: one bull, one ram, and seven one-year-old lambs, all unblemished. |
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לווְהִקְרַבְתֶּ֨ם עֹלָ֜ה אִשֵּׁ֨ה רֵ֤יחַ נִיחֹ֨חַ֙ לַֽיהֹוָ֔ה פַּ֥ר אֶחָ֖ד אַ֣יִל אֶחָ֑ד כְּבָשִׂ֧ים בְּנֵֽי־שָׁנָ֛ה שִׁבְעָ֖ה תְּמִימִֽם: |
| פַּר אֶחָד אַיִל אֶחָד - One bull, one ram. These all allude to Israel, highlighting its uniqueness, as if saying: Remain with Me a little more. This is an expression of endearment, like children who take leave of their father and he tells them: “Your departure is difficult for me; stay for one more day.” It is comparable to a king who made a banquet… as stated in Tractate Sukah. And in Midrash Rabbi Tanchuma it says: The Torah here teaches proper conduct, that one who has a guest should feed him fattened poultry on the first day; on the next day, he should feed him fish; on the next day, he should feed him animal flesh; on the next day, he should feed him legumes; on the next day, he should feed him vegetables – gradually decreasing the expense of the meals like the bulls of the Sukot festival. |
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פַּר אֶחָד אַיִל אֶחָד.
אֵלּוּ כְנֶגֶד יִשְׂרָאֵל, הִתְעַכְּבוּ לִי מְעַט עוֹד, וּלְשׁוֹן חִבָּה הוּא זֶה, כְּבָנִים הַנִּפְטָרִים מֵאֲבִיהֶם וְהוּא אוֹמֵר לָהֶם קָשָׁה עָלַי פְּרֵדַתְכֶם, עַכְּבוּ עוֹד יוֹם אֶחָד, מָשָׁל לְמֶלֶךְ שֶׁעָשָׂה סְעוּדָה כוּ', כִּדְאִיתָא בְמַסֶּכֶת סֻכָּה (שם); וּבְמִדְרַשׁ רַבִּי תַנְחוּמָא: לִמְּדָה תוֹרָה דֶּרֶךְ אֶרֶץ שֶׁמִּי שֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ אַכְסְנַאי יוֹם רִאשׁוֹן יַאֲכִילֶנּוּ פְּטוּמוֹת, לְמָחָר יַאֲכִילֶנּוּ דָּגִים, לְמָחָר בְּשַׂר בְּהֵמָה, לְמָחָר מַאֲכִילוֹ קִטְנִית, לְמָחָר מַאֲכִילוֹ יָרָק, פּוֹחֵת וְהוֹלֵךְ כְּפָרֵי הֶחָג:
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| 37Their grain-offerings and their libations—for the bull, ram, and lambs—according to their number, as prescribed. |
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לזמִנְחָתָ֣ם וְנִסְכֵּיהֶ֗ם לַפָּ֨ר לָאַ֧יִל וְלַכְּבָשִׂ֛ים בְּמִסְפָּרָ֖ם כַּמִּשְׁפָּֽט: |
| 38One young he-goat as a sin-offering, besides the continual ascent-offering, its grain-offering, and its libation. |
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לחוּשְׂעִ֥יר חַטָּ֖את אֶחָ֑ד מִלְּבַד֙ עֹלַ֣ת הַתָּמִ֔יד וּמִנְחָתָ֖הּ וְנִסְכָּֽהּ: |
| 39You must offer these up for God on your festivals, besides your sacrificial vows and your sacrificial donations—for your ascent-offerings, grain-offerings, libations, and peace-offerings.’” |
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לטאֵ֛לֶּה תַּֽעֲשׂ֥וּ לַֽיהֹוָ֖ה בְּמֽוֹעֲדֵיכֶ֑ם לְבַ֨ד מִנִּדְרֵיכֶ֜ם וְנִדְבֹֽתֵיכֶ֗ם לְעֹלֹֽתֵיכֶם֙ וּלְמִנְחֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם וּלְנִסְכֵּיכֶ֖ם וּלְשַׁלְמֵיכֶֽם: |
| אֵלֶּה תַּֽעֲשׂוּ לה' בְּמֽוֹעֲדֵיכֶם - You must offer these up for God on your festivals - as a determined obligation – |
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אֵלֶּה תַּֽעֲשׂוּ לה' בְּמֽוֹעֲדֵיכֶם.
דָּבָר הַקָּצוּב לְחוֹבָה:
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| לְבַד מִנִּדְרֵיכֶם - Besides your [sacrificial] vows - i.e., if you wish to pledge offerings on the festival, this fulfills a voluntary commandment; or in the case of sacrificial vows or donations that you have vowed any time during the year, offer them on the festival. This is necessary in case it will be difficult for him to ascend to Jerusalem again and to offer his vows, and as a result he will transgress the command: “you must not delay in fulfilling it.” |
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לְבַד מִנִּדְרֵיכֶם.
אִם בָּאתֶם לִדּוֹר קָרְבָּנוֹת בָּרֶגֶל, מִצְוָה הִיא בְּיֶדְכֶם, אוֹ נְדָרִים אוֹ נְדָבוֹת שֶׁנְּדַרְתֶּם כָּל הַשָּׁנָה, הַקְרִיבוּם בָּרֶגֶל, שֶׁמָּא יִקְשֶׁה לוֹ לַחֲזֹר וְלַעֲלוֹת לִירוּשָׁלַיִם וּלְהַקְרִיב נְדָרָיו וְנִמְצָא עוֹבֵר בְּבַל תְּאַחֵר:
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| 1Moses spoke to the Israelites in accordance with all that God had commanded Moses. |
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אוַיֹּ֥אמֶר משֶׁ֖ה אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל כְּכֹ֛ל אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּ֥ה יְהֹוָ֖ה אֶת־משֶֽׁה: |
| וַיֹּאמֶר משֶׁה אֶל־בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל - Moses spoke to the Israelites. This is stated to properly finish this subject; such is the opinion of Rabbi Yishmael. Since all the verses until this point were the words of the Omnipresent to Moses, and the following passage regarding vows begins with Moses speaking, it was necessary to first finish by saying that Moses in turn conveyed this above passage to Israel, for if not, it would appear that he did not tell them this passage, but began his words only with the passage regarding vows. End of Parshat Pinechas |
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וַיֹּאמֶר משֶׁה אֶל־בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל.
לְהַפְסִיק הָעִנְיָן, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל, לְפִי שֶׁעַד כָּאן דְּבָרָיו שֶׁל מָקוֹם וּפָרָשַׁת נְדָרִים מַתְחֶלֶת בְּדִבּוּרוֹ שֶׁל מֹשֶׁה, הֻצְרַךְ לְהַפְסִיק תְּחִלָּה וְלוֹמַר שֶׁחָזַר מֹשֶׁה וְאֲמָרָהּ פָרָשָׁה זוֹ לְיִשְׂרָאֵל, שֶׁאִם לֹא כֵן, יֵשׁ בְּמַשְׁמַע שֶׁלֹּא אָמַר לָהֶם זוֹ, אֶלָּא בְּפָרָשַׁת נְדָרִים הִתְחִיל דְּבָרָיו:
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