| 38And this is what you shall offer upon the altar: lambs in their first year, two a day, continually. |
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לחוְזֶ֕ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר תַּֽעֲשֶׂ֖ה עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֑חַ כְּבָשִׂ֧ים בְּנֵֽי־שָׁנָ֛ה שְׁנַ֥יִם לַיּ֖וֹם תָּמִֽיד: |
| 39The one lamb you shall offer up in the morning and the other lamb you shall offer up in the afternoon. |
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לטאֶת־הַכֶּ֥בֶשׂ הָֽאֶחָ֖ד תַּֽעֲשֶׂ֣ה בַבֹּ֑קֶר וְאֵת֙ הַכֶּ֣בֶשׂ הַשֵּׁנִ֔י תַּֽעֲשֶׂ֖ה בֵּ֥ין הָֽעַרְבָּֽיִם: |
| 40And one tenth of fine flour, thoroughly mixed with a quarter of a hin of crushed [olive] oil, and a libation of one quarter of a hin of wine, for the one lamb. |
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מוְעִשָּׂרֹ֨ן סֹ֜לֶת בָּל֨וּל בְּשֶׁ֤מֶן כָּתִית֙ רֶ֣בַע הַהִ֔ין וְנֵ֕סֶךְ רְבִיעִ֥ת הַהִ֖ין יָ֑יִן לַכֶּ֖בֶשׂ הָֽאֶחָֽד: |
| And one-tenth of fine flour: A tenth of an ephah, [the volume of] forty-three and one-fifth eggs. |
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וְעִשָּׂרֹן סֹלֶת:
עֲשִׂירִית הָאֵיפָה – מ"ג בֵּיצִים וְחֹמֶשׁ בֵּיצָה:
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| of crushed [olive] oil: Crushed is not stated as being obligatory, but [simply] to make it acceptable. Since it says: “crushed for lighting” (Exod. 27:20), implying “for [use as] lighting” but not [to be used] for meal offerings, I would possibly think [that the verse means] to disqualify it for meal offerings. Therefore, the Torah states here, “crushed.” Consequently, “crushed for lighting” was stated only to exclude meal offerings, that they do not require crushed [oil], for even oil ground in a mill is acceptable for them. -[from Men. 86b] |
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בְּשֶׁמֶן כָּתִית:
לֹא לְחוֹבָה נֶאֱמַר כָּתִית, אֶלָּא לְהַכְשִׁיר, לְפִי שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר כָּתִית לַמָּאוֹר – וּמַשְׁמָע לַמָּאוֹר וְלֹא לַמְּנָחוֹת – יָכוֹל לְפָסְלוֹ לַמְּנָחוֹת, תַּלְמוּד לוֹמָר כָּאן כָּתִית וְלֹא נֶאֱמַר כָּתִית לַמָּאוֹר, אֶלָּא לְמַעֵט מְנָחוֹת שֶׁאֵין צָרִיךְ כָּתִית, שֶׁאַף הַטָּחוּן בָּרֵיחַיִם כָּשֵׁר בָּהֶן (מנחות פ"ו):
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| a quarter of a hin: Three logs. |
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רֶבַע הַהִין:
שְׁלֹשָׁה לֻגִּין:
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| and a libation: for the basins, as we learned in tractate Succah (48a): Two silver basins were at the top of the altar, and they were perforated like two fine nostrils. He [the kohen] would pour the wine into it [these basins], and it would flow and exit through the “nostril” and fall on the roof of the altar, from where it would descend [through holes in the altar] to the foundations, in the altar of the Temple, and in the copper altar it would descend from the altar to the ground. |
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וְנֵסֶךְ:
לַסְּפָלִים, כְּמוֹ שֶׁשָּׁנִינוּ בְמַסֶּכֶת סֻכָּה (מ"ח) – שְׁנֵי סְפָלִים שֶׁל כֶּסֶף הָיוּ בְרֹאשׁ הַמִּזְבֵּחַ וּמְנֻקָּבִים כְּמִין שְׁנֵי חֳטָמִין דַּקִּים, נוֹתֵן הַיַּיִן לְתוֹכוֹ וְהוּא מְקַלֵּחַ וְיוֹצֵא דֶּרֶךְ הַחֹטֶם וְנוֹפֵל עַל גַּג הַמִּזְבֵּחַ, וּמִשָּׁם יוֹרֵד לַשִּׁיתִין, בְּמִזְבַּח בֵּית עוֹלָמִים, וּבְמִזְבַּח הַנְּחֹשֶׁת יוֹרֵד מִן הַמִּזְבֵּחַ לָאָרֶץ:
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| 41And the other lamb you shall offer up in the afternoon; you shall offer [it] up like the meal offering of the morning and its libation, as a spirit of satisfaction, a fire offering to the Lord. |
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מאוְאֵת֙ הַכֶּ֣בֶשׂ הַשֵּׁנִ֔י תַּֽעֲשֶׂ֖ה בֵּ֣ין הָֽעַרְבָּ֑יִם כְּמִנְחַ֨ת הַבֹּ֤קֶר וּכְנִסְכָּהּ֙ תַּֽעֲשֶׂה־לָּ֔הּ לְרֵ֣יחַ נִיחֹ֔חַ אִשֶּׁ֖ה לַֽיהֹוָֽה: |
| as a spirit of satisfaction: This is stated regarding the meal offering, for the meal offering of libations is entirely burned, and the order of their sacrifice is: first the limbs [of the burnt offering] and afterwards the meal offering, as it is said: “burnt offering and meal offering” (Lev. 23:37). |
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לְרֵיחַ נִיחֹחַ:
עַל הַמִּנְחָה נֶאֱמַר, שֶׁמִּנְחַת נְסָכִים כֻּלָּהּ כָּלִיל, וְסֵדֶר הַקְרָבָתָם הָאֵבָרִים בַּתְּחִלָּה וְאַחַר כָּךְ הַמִּנְחָה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר עֹלָה וּמִנְחָה:
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| 42It shall be a continual burnt offering for your generations, at the entrance of the Tent of Meeting before the Lord, where I will arrange meetings with you, to speak to you there. |
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מבעֹלַ֤ת תָּמִיד֙ לְדֹרֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם פֶּ֥תַח אֹֽהֶל־מוֹעֵ֖ד לִפְנֵ֣י יְהֹוָ֑ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר אִוָּעֵ֤ד לָכֶם֙ שָׁ֔מָּה לְדַבֵּ֥ר אֵלֶ֖יךָ שָֽׁם: |
| continual: Daily, without a day intervening. |
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תָּמִיד:
מִיּוֹם אֶל יוֹם – וְלֹא יַפְסִיק יוֹם בֵּינְתַיִם:
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| where I will arrange meetings with you: When I arrange a time to speak to you, I will arrange it to come there. Some of our Rabbis derive from here that since the time the Mishkan was erected, the Holy One, blessed is He, spoke to Moses from above the copper altar. Others, however, say that [He spoke to Moses] from above the ark cover, as it is said: “and I will speak with you from atop the ark cover” (Exod. 25:22), and “where I will arrange meetings with you,” stated here, is not stated about the altar but about the Tent of Meeting mentioned in the verse. -[from Baraitha Melecheth HaMishkan, ch. 14] |
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אֲשֶׁר אִוָּעֵד לָכֶם:
כְּשֶׁאֶקְבַּע מוֹעֵד לְדַבֵּר אֵלֶיךָ, שָׁם אֶקְבָּעֶנּוּ לָבֹא. וְיֵשׁ מֵרַבּוֹתֵינוּ לֹמְדִים מִכָּאן שֶׁמֵּעַל מִזְבַּח הַנְּחֹשֶׁת הָיָה הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא מְדַבֵּר עִם מֹשֶׁה מִשֶּׁהוּקַם הַמִּשְׁכָּן, וְיֵשׁ אוֹמְרִים מֵעַל הַכַּפֹּרֶת, כְּמוֹ שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר וְדִבַּרְתִּי אִתְּךָ מֵעַל הַכַּפֹּרֶת (שמות כ"ו), וַאֲשֶׁר אִוָּעֵד לָכֶם הָאָמוּר כָּאן אֵינוֹ אָמוּר עַל הַמִּזְבֵּחַ אֶלָּא עַל אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד הַנִּזְכָּר בַּמִּקְרָא:
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| 43There I will arrange meetings with the children of Israel, and it will be sanctified by My glory. |
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מגוְנֹֽעַדְתִּ֥י שָׁ֖מָּה לִבְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְנִקְדַּ֖שׁ בִּכְבֹדִֽי: |
| There I will arrange meetings: I will arrange to speak with them [the children of Israel], as a king who arranges a place to speak there with his servants. |
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וְנֹֽעַדְתִּי שָׁמָּה:
אֶתְוַעֵד עִמָּם בְּדִבּוּר, כְּמֶלֶךְ הַקּוֹבֵעַ מְקוֹם מוֹעֵד לְדַבֵּר עִם עֲבָדָיו שָׁם:
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| and it will be sanctified: [I.e.,] the Mishkan [will be sanctified]. |
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וְנִקְדַּשׁ:
הַמִּשְׁכָּן:
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| by My glory: Heb. בִּכְבֹדִי. That My Shechinah will dwell in it. The aggadic midrash, however, says: Do not read בִּכְבֹדִי, but בִּמְכֻבָּדַי, with My honored ones. Here He hinted to him [Moses] about the death of Aaron’s sons on the day it [the Mishkan] was erected. This is what Moses [meant when he] said, “This is what the Lord spoke, saying, ‘With those close to Me I will be sanctified’” (Lev. 10:3). Now where did He speak? “And it will be sanctified by My glory.” -[from Sifra, Lev. 10:3; Zev. 115b] |
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בִּכְבֹדִֽי:
– שֶׁתִּשְׁרֶה שְׁכִינָתִי בּוֹ. וּמִדְרַשׁ אַגָּדָה אַל תִּקְרֵי בִּכְבֹדִי אֶלָּא בִּכְבוּדַי – בִּמְכֻבָּדִים שֶׁלִּי – כָּאן רָמַז לוֹ מִיתַת בְּנֵי אַהֲרֹן בְּיוֹם הֲקָמָתוֹ, וְזֶהוּ שֶׁאָמַר מֹשֶׁה הוּא אֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר ה' לֵאמֹר בִּקְרֹבַי אֶקָּדֵשׁ, וְהֵיכָן דִּבֶּר? וְנִקְדַּשׁ בִּכְבֹדִי (זבחים קט"ו):
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| 44I will sanctify the Tent of Meeting and the altar, and I will sanctify Aaron and his sons to serve Me [as kohanim]. |
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מדוְקִדַּשְׁתִּ֛י אֶת־אֹ֥הֶל מוֹעֵ֖ד וְאֶת־הַמִּזְבֵּ֑חַ וְאֶת־אַֽהֲרֹ֧ן וְאֶת־בָּנָ֛יו אֲקַדֵּ֖שׁ לְכַהֵ֥ן לִֽי: |
| 45I will dwell in the midst of the children of Israel and I will be their God. |
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מהוְשָׁ֣כַנְתִּ֔י בְּת֖וֹךְ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְהָיִ֥יתִי לָהֶ֖ם לֵֽאלֹהִֽים: |
| 46They will know that I, the Lord, am their God, Who brought them out of the land of Egypt in order that I may dwell in their midst; I am the Lord, their God. |
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מווְיָֽדְע֗וּ כִּ֣י אֲנִ֤י יְהֹוָה֙ אֱלֹ֣הֵיהֶ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֨ר הוֹצֵ֧אתִי אֹתָ֛ם מֵאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרַ֖יִם לְשָׁכְנִ֣י בְתוֹכָ֑ם אֲנִ֖י יְהֹוָ֥ה אֱלֹֽהֵיהֶֽם: |
| in order that I may dwell in their midst: With the intention that I dwell in their midst. |
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לְשָׁכְנִי בְתוֹכָם:
עַל מְנָת לִשְׁכֹּן אֲנִי בְּתוֹכָם:
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