| 15And you shall count for yourselves, from the morrow of the rest day from the day you bring the omer as a wave offering seven weeks; they shall be complete. |
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טווּסְפַרְתֶּ֤ם לָכֶם֙ מִמָּֽחֳרַ֣ת הַשַּׁבָּ֔ת מִיּוֹם֙ הֲבִ֣יאֲכֶ֔ם אֶת־עֹ֖מֶר הַתְּנוּפָ֑ה שֶׁ֥בַע שַׁבָּת֖וֹת תְּמִימֹ֥ת תִּֽהְיֶֽינָה: |
| from the morrow of the rest day: On the day after the [first] holy day [of Passover]. — [See Rashi on verse 11; Men. 65b] |
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מִמָּֽחֳרַת הַשַּׁבָּת:
מִמָּחֳרַת יוֹם טוֹב:
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| [seven weeks;] they shall be complete: [This verse] teaches us that one must begin counting [each of these days] from the evening, because otherwise, they would not be “complete.” - [Men. 66a] |
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תְּמִימֹת תִּֽהְיֶֽינָה:
מְלַמֵּד שֶׁמַּתְחִיל וּמוֹנֶה מִבָּעֶרֶב, שֶׁאִם לֹא כֵן אֵינָן תְּמִימוֹת (ספרא; מנחות ס"ו):
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| 16You shall count until the day after the seventh week, [namely,] the fiftieth day, [on which] you shall bring a new meal offering to the Lord. |
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טזעַ֣ד מִמָּֽחֳרַ֤ת הַשַּׁבָּת֙ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔ת תִּסְפְּר֖וּ חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים י֑וֹם וְהִקְרַבְתֶּ֛ם מִנְחָ֥ה חֲדָשָׁ֖ה לַֽיהֹוָֽה: |
| the day after the seventh week: הַשַּׁבָּת הַשְּׁבִיעִת, as the Targum [Onkelos] renders: שְׁבוּעֲתָא שְׁבִיעָתָא, “the seventh week.” |
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הַשַּׁבָּת הַשְּׁבִיעִת:
כְּתַרְגּוּמוֹ שְׁבוּעֲתָא שְׁבִיעֵתָא:
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| You shall count until the day after the seventh week: But not inclusive, making forty-nine days. |
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עַד מִמָּֽחֳרַת הַשַּׁבָּת הַשְּׁבִיעִת תִּסְפְּרוּ:
וְלֹא עַד בִּכְלָל, וְהֵן אַרְבָּעִים וְתִשְׁעָה יוֹם:
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| the fiftieth day, [on which] you will bring a meal offering to the Lord from the new [wheat crop]: [lit., “(You shall count) fifty days and bring a meal offering to the Lord from the new (wheat crop).” But we count only forty-nine days. Therefore, the meaning is:] On the fiftieth day, you shall bring this [meal offering of the new wheat crop]. But I say that this is a Midrashic explanation of the verse [since it requires the forced attachment of the words חֲמִשִּׁים יוֹם to the continuation of the verse regarding the meal offering, whereas the cantillation signs attach them to the preceding words regarding the counting]. But its simple meaning is: “until [but not inclusive of]…the day after [the completion of] the seventh week, which is the fiftieth day, shall you count.” Accordingly, this is a transposed verse. |
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חֲמִשִּׁים יוֹם וְהִקְרַבְתֶּם מִנְחָה חֲדָשָׁה לה':
בַּיּוֹם הַחֲמִשִּׁים תַּקְרִיבוּהָ, וְאוֹמֵר אֲנִי זֶה מִדְרָשׁוֹ, אֲבָל פְּשׁוּטוֹ עַד מִמָּחֳרַת הַשַּׁבָּת הַשְּׁבִיעִת שֶׁהוּא יוֹם חֲמִשִּׁים תִּסְפְּרוּ, וּמִקְרָא מְסֹרָס הוּא:
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| a new meal-offering: This is the first meal offering brought from the new [crop]. Now, if you ask, “But was not the meal offering of the omer already offered up (see verse 10 above)?” [the answer to this is that] that is not like other meal offerings-for it comes from barley [and hence, this meal offering is new since it is the first meal offering from the wheat crop]. |
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מִנְחָה חֲדָשָׁה:
הִיא הַמִּנְחָה הָרִאשׁוֹנָה שֶׁהוּבְאָה מִן הֶחָדָשׁ, וְאִם תֹּאמַר הֲרֵי קָרְבָה מִנְחַת הָעֹמֶר אֵינָהּ כִּשְׁאָר כָּל הַמְּנָחוֹת, שֶׁהִיא בָאָה מִן הַשְּׂעוֹרִים (מנחות י"ד):
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| 17From your dwelling places, you shall bring bread, set aside, two [loaves] [made from] two tenths [of an ephah]; they shall be of fine flour, [and] they shall be baked leavened, the first offering to the Lord. |
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יזמִמּֽוֹשְׁבֹ֨תֵיכֶ֜ם תָּבִ֣יאוּ | לֶ֣חֶם תְּנוּפָ֗ה שְׁתַּ֨יִם֙ שְׁנֵ֣י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֔ים סֹ֣לֶת תִּֽהְיֶ֔ינָה חָמֵ֖ץ תֵּֽאָפֶ֑ינָה בִּכּוּרִ֖ים לַֽיהֹוָֽה: |
| From your dwelling places: but not from outside the Land. — [Men. 83b] |
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מִמּֽוֹשְׁבֹתֵיכֶם:
וְלֹא מִחוּצָה לָאָרֶץ (ספרא):
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| bread set aside: Heb. לֶחֶם תְּנוּפָה, bread of separation, set aside for the sake of the Most High, and this is the new meal offering, mentioned above [in the preceding verse]. |
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לֶחֶם תְּנוּפָה:
לֶחֶם תְּרוּמָה, הַמּוּרָם לְשֵׁם גָּבוֹהַּ, וְזוֹ הִיא הַמִּנְחָה הַחֲדָשָׁה הָאֲמוּרָה לְמַעְלָה:
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| the first offering: The first of all the meal offerings [brought from the new crop]; even a “jealousy meal offering” [for suspected infidelity, see Num. 5:11-31], which comes from barley [see verse 15 there], may not be offered up from the new crop before the two loaves [have been brought]. — [Men. 84b] |
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בִּכּוּרִים:
רִאשׁוֹנָה לְכָל הַמְּנָחוֹת, אַף לְמִנְחַת קְנָאוֹת הַבָּאָה מִן שְׂעוֹרִים לֹא תִּקְרַב מִן הֶחָדָשׁ קֹדֶם לִשְׁתֵּי הַלֶּחֶם (שם):
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| 18And associated with the bread, you shall bring seven unblemished lambs in their [first] year, one young bull, and two rams these shall be a burnt offering to the Lord, [along with] their meal offering and libations a fire offering [with] a spirit of satisfaction to the Lord. |
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יחוְהִקְרַבְתֶּ֣ם עַל־הַלֶּ֗חֶם שִׁבְעַ֨ת כְּבָשִׂ֤ים תְּמִימִם֙ בְּנֵ֣י שָׁנָ֔ה וּפַ֧ר בֶּן־בָּקָ֛ר אֶחָ֖ד וְאֵילִ֣ם שְׁנָ֑יִם יִֽהְי֤וּ עֹלָה֙ לַֽיהֹוָ֔ה וּמִנְחָתָם֙ וְנִסְכֵּיהֶ֔ם אִשֵּׁ֥ה רֵֽיחַ־נִיחֹ֖חַ לַֽיהֹוָֽה: |
| And associated with the bread: Heb. עַל הַלֶּחֶם,lit. on the bread, i.e., “because of the bread,” i.e., as an obligation for the bread, [but not as a separate obligation for that day. I.e., if they did not bring the bread offering, they do not bring this associated burnt offering. — [Mizrachi; Torath Kohanim 23:171] |
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עַל־הַלֶּחֶם:
בִּגְלַל הַלֶּחֶם, חוֹבָה לַלֶּחֶם (ספרא; מנחות מ"ה):
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| [along with] their meal offering and libations: i.e., according to the prescription of meal offerings and libations specified for each [type of] animal in the passage that delineates [libations (see Num. 15:1-16), as follows: three tenths [of an ephah of flour] for each bull, two tenths for a ram and one tenth for a lamb-this is the meal offering [for sacrifices]. And the libations are as follows: Half a hin [of wine] for a bull, a third of a hin for a ram, and a quarter of a hin for a lamb. |
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וּמִנְחָתָם וְנִסְכֵּיהֶם:
כְּמִשְׁפַּט מִנְחָה וּנְסָכִים הַמְפֹרָשִׁים בְּכָל בְּהֵמָה בְּפָרָשַׁת נְסָכִים, שְׁלוֹשָׁה עֶשְׂרוֹנִים לַפָּר וּשְׁנֵי עֶשְׂרוֹנִים לָאַיִל וְעִשָּׂרוֹן לַכֶּבֶשׂ, זוֹ הִיא הַמִּנְחָה, וְהַנְּסָכִים חֲצִי הַהִין לַפָּר וּשְׁלִישִׁית הַהִין לָאַיִל וּרְבִיעִית הַהִין לַכֶּבֶשׂ:
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| 19And you shall offer up one he goat as a sin offering, and two lambs in their [first] year as a peace offering._ |
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יטוַֽעֲשִׂיתֶ֛ם שְׂעִֽיר־עִזִּ֥ים אֶחָ֖ד לְחַטָּ֑את וּשְׁנֵ֧י כְבָשִׂ֛ים בְּנֵ֥י שָׁנָ֖ה לְזֶ֥בַח שְׁלָמִֽים: |
| And you shall offer up one he-goat: One might think that the seven lambs (preceding verse) and the he-goat mentioned here are the same seven lambs and the he-goat enumerated in the Book of Numbers (28:19, 22). However, when you reach [the enumeration there of] the bulls and rams, [the numbers of each animal] they are not the same [as those listed here]. You must now conclude that these are separate and those are separate-these are brought in conjunction with the bread, while those as additional offerings [for the Festival]. — [Torath Kohanim 23:171] |
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וַֽעֲשִׂיתֶם שְׂעִֽיר־עִזִּים:
יָכוֹל שִׁבְעַת הַכְּבָשִׂים וְהַשָּׂעִיר הָאֲמוּרִים כָּאן הֵם ז' הַכְּבָשִׂים וְהַשָּׂעִיר הָאֲמוּרִים בְּחֻמַּשׁ הַפְּקוּדִים, כְּשֶׁאַתָּה מַגִּיעַ אֵצֶל פָּרִים וְאֵילִים אֵינָן הֵם, אֱמֹר מֵעַתָּה אֵלּוּ לְעַצְמָן וְאֵלּוּ לְעַצְמָן — אֵלּוּ קָרְבוּ בִּגְלַל הַלֶּחֶם וְאֵלּוּ לַמּוּסָפִין (שם):
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| 20And the kohen shall wave them in conjunction with the first offering bread as a waving before the Lord, along with the two lambs. They shall be holy to the Lord, [and] belong to the kohen. |
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כוְהֵנִ֣יף הַכֹּהֵ֣ן | אֹתָ֡ם עַל֩ לֶ֨חֶם הַבִּכֻּרִ֤ים תְּנוּפָה֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהֹוָ֔ה עַל־שְׁנֵ֖י כְּבָשִׂ֑ים קֹ֛דֶשׁ יִֽהְי֥וּ לַֽיהֹוָ֖ה לַכֹּהֵֽן: |
| And the kohen shall wave them…as a waving: This teaches us that they require waving while still alive. Now, one might think that they all [require waving]. Scripture, therefore, says, “along with the two lambs.” - [see Men. 62a] |
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וְהֵנִיף הַכֹּהֵן אֹתָם תְּנוּפָה:
מְלַמֵּד שֶׁטְּעוּנִין תְּנוּפָה חַיִּים, יָכוֹל כֻּלָּם, תַּלְמוּד לוֹמָר "עַל שְׁנֵי כְבָשִֹים" (עי' מנחות ס"ב):
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| They shall be holy: Since a peace offering of an individual has itself a minor degree of holiness, Scripture had to say concerning communal peace offerings that they are holy of holies. |
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קֹדֶשׁ יִֽהְיוּ:
לְפִי שֶׁשַּׁלְמֵי יָחִיד קָדָשִׁים קַלִּים, הֻזְקַק לוֹמַר בְּשַׁלְמֵי צִבּוּר שֶׁהֵן קָדְשֵׁי קָדָשִׁים:
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| 21And you shall designate on this very day a holy occasion it shall be for you; you shall not perform any work of labor. [This is] an eternal statute in all your dwelling places throughout your generations. |
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כאוּקְרָאתֶ֞ם בְּעֶ֣צֶם | הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֗ה מִקְרָא־קֹ֨דֶשׁ֙ יִֽהְיֶ֣ה לָכֶ֔ם כָּל־מְלֶ֥אכֶת עֲבֹדָ֖ה לֹ֣א תַֽעֲשׂ֑וּ חֻקַּ֥ת עוֹלָ֛ם בְּכָל־מֽוֹשְׁבֹ֥תֵיכֶ֖ם לְדֹרֹֽתֵיכֶֽם: |
| 22When you reap the harvest of your Land, you shall not completely remove the corner of your field during your harvesting, and you shall not gather up the gleanings of your harvest. [Rather,] you shall leave these for the poor person and for the stranger. I am the Lord, your God. |
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כבוּבְקֻצְרְכֶ֞ם אֶת־קְצִ֣יר אַרְצְכֶ֗ם לֹֽא־תְכַלֶּ֞ה פְּאַ֤ת שָֽׂדְךָ֙ בְּקֻצְרֶ֔ךָ וְלֶ֥קֶט קְצִֽירְךָ֖ לֹ֣א תְלַקֵּ֑ט לֶֽעָנִ֤י וְלַגֵּר֙ תַּֽעֲזֹ֣ב אֹתָ֔ם אֲנִ֖י יְהֹוָ֥ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶֽם: |
| When you reap: [But Scripture has already stated this, “When you reap the harvest of your Land” (Chapter 19, verse 9 above).] Scripture repeats it once again, [so that one who disobeys] transgresses two negative commands. Rabbi Avdimi the son of Rabbi Joseph says: Why does Scripture place this [passage] in the very middle of [the laws regarding] the Festivals-with Passover and Atzereth (Shavuoth) on one side and Rosh Hashanah, Yom Kippur, and the Festival [of Succoth] on the other? To teach you that whoever gives לֶקֶט, gleanings, שִׁכְחָה, forgotten sheaves, and פֵּאָה, the corners , to the poor in the appropriate manner, is deemed as if he had built the Holy Temple and offered up his sacrifices within it. — [Torath Kohanim 23:175] |
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וּבְקֻצְרְכֶם:
חָזַר וְשָׁנָה, לַעֲבֹר עֲלֵיהֶם בִּשְׁנֵי לָאוין; אָמַר ר' אַבְדִּימֵי בְּרַבִּי יוֹסֵף, מָה רָאָה הַכָּתוּב לִתְּנָהּ בְאֶמְצַע הָרְגָלִים — פֶּסַח וַעֲצֶרֶת מִכָּאן וְרֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה וְיוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים וְחַג מִכָּאן — ? לְלַמֶּדְךָ שֶׁכָּל הַנּוֹתֵן לֶקֶט שִׁכְחָה וּפֵאָה לֶעָנִי כָּרָאוּי, מַעֲלִין עָלָיו כְּאִלּוּ בָּנָה בֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ וְהִקְרִיב קָרְבְּנוֹתָיו בְּתוֹכוֹ (ספרא):
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| you shall leave: Leave it before them and let them gather it up. And you shall not help one of them [since this will deprive the others]. — [Torath Kohanim 19:22] |
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תַּֽעֲזֹב:
הַנַּח לִפְנֵיהֶם וְהֵם יִלְקְטוּ, וְאֵין לְךָ לְסַיֵּעַ לְאֶחָד מֵהֶם (פאה פ"ה):
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| I am the Lord, your God: Who is faithful to give reward [to those who fulfill My Torah]. |
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אֲנִי ה' אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶֽם:
נֶאֱמָן לְשַׁלֵּם שָׂכָר:
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