| 31And you shall make the robe of the ephod completely of blue wool. |
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לאוְעָשִׂ֛יתָ אֶת־מְעִ֥יל הָֽאֵפ֖וֹד כְּלִ֥יל תְּכֵֽלֶת: |
| the robe of the ephod: upon which the ephod is placed as a belt. |
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אֶת־מְעִיל הָֽאֵפוֹד:
שֶׁהָאֵפוֹד נָתוּן עָלָיו לַחֲגוֹרָה:
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| completely of blue wool: Heb. כְּלִיל תְּכֵלֶת. All of it [the robe] was blue, without any other kind [of color or material] combined with it. |
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כְּלִיל תְּכֵֽלֶת:
כֻּלּוֹ תְכֵלֶת, שֶׁאֵין מִין אַחֵר מְעֹרָב בּוֹ:
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| 32Its opening at the top shall be turned inward; its opening shall have a border around it, the work of a weaver. It shall have [an opening] like the opening of a coat of armor; it shall not be torn. |
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לבוְהָיָ֥ה פִֽי־רֹאשׁ֖וֹ בְּתוֹכ֑וֹ שָׂפָ֡ה יִֽהְיֶה֩ לְפִ֨יו סָבִ֜יב מַֽעֲשֵׂ֣ה אֹרֵ֗ג כְּפִ֥י תַחְרָ֛א יִֽהְיֶה־לּ֖וֹ לֹ֥א יִקָּרֵֽעַ: |
| Its opening at the top: Heb. פִי רֹאשׁוֹ The opening of the robe at its top; that is the opening of the collar. |
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וְהָיָה פִֽי־רֹאשׁוֹ:
פִּי הַמְּעִיל שֶׁבְּגָבְהוֹ – הוּא פְּתִיחַת בֵּית הַצַּוָּאר:
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| shall be turned inward: Heb. בְּתוֹכוֹ, folded inward. As the Targum [Onkelos] renders: כָּפִיל לְגַוִּהּ, folded inward, so that its fold should be a border for it. It was woven, not [sewn] with a needle. |
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בְּתוֹכוֹ:
כְּתַרְגּוּמוֹ כָּפִיל לְגַוֵּהּ, כָּפוּל לְתוֹכוֹ, לִהְיוֹת לוֹ לְשָׂפָה כְּפִילָתוֹ, וְהָיָה מַעֲשֵׂה אוֹרֵג וְלֹא בְמַחַט:
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| like the opening of a coat of armor: We learn [here] that their coats of armor had the opening folded inward [i.e., like a coat of mail]. |
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כְּפִי תַחְרָא:
לָמַדְנוּ שֶׁהַשִּׁרְיוֹנִים שֶׁלָּהֶם פִּיהֶם כָּפוּל:
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| it shall not be torn: [I.e.,] in order that it would not be torn, and the one who tears it transgresses a negative commandment, for this is [counted] in the number of the negative commandments in the Torah. Likewise, “and the choshen will not move” (verse 28), and likewise, “they shall not be removed from it” (Exod. 25:15), mentioned regarding the poles of the ark. -[from Yoma 72a] |
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לֹא יִקָּרֵֽעַ:
כְּדֵי שֶׁלֹּא יִקָּרֵעַ; וְהַקּוֹרְעוֹ עוֹבֵר בְּלָאו, שֶׁזֶּה מִמִּנְיַן לָאוִין שֶׁבַּתּוֹרָה, וְכֵן וְלֹא יִזַּח הַחֹשֶׁן, וְכֵן לֹא יָסֻרוּ מִמֶּנּוּ הַנֶּאֱמַר בְּבַדֵּי הָאָרוֹן:
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| 33And on its bottom hem you shall make pomegranates of blue, purple, and crimson wool, on its bottom hem all around, and golden bells in their midst all around. |
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לגוְעָשִׂ֣יתָ עַל־שׁוּלָ֗יו רִמֹּנֵי֙ תְּכֵ֤לֶת וְאַרְגָּמָן֙ וְתוֹלַ֣עַת שָׁנִ֔י עַל־שׁוּלָ֖יו סָבִ֑יב וּפַֽעֲמֹנֵ֥י זָהָ֛ב בְּתוֹכָ֖ם סָבִֽיב: |
| pomegranates: They were round and hollow, like a sort of pomegranate, shaped like hens’ eggs. |
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רִמֹּנֵי:
עֲגֻלִּים וַחֲלוּלִים הָיוּ כְּמִין רִמּוֹנִים הָעֲשׂוּיִים כְּבֵיצַת תַּרְנְגֹלֶת:
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| and golden bells: Heb. וּפַּעִמֹנֵי זָהָב. [Golden] bells with the clappers inside them. |
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וּפַֽעֲמֹנֵי זָהָב:
זַגִּין עִם עִנְבָּלִין שֶׁבְּתוֹכָם:
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| in their midst all around: [I.e.,] between them all around. [Meaning] between two pomegranates, one bell was attached and suspended on the bottom hem of the robe. |
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בְּתוֹכָם סָבִיב:
בֵּינֵיהֶם סָבִיב – בֵּין שְׁנֵי רִמּוֹנִים פַּעֲמוֹן אֶחָד דָּבוּק וְתָלוּי בְּשׁוּלֵי הַמְּעִיל:
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| 34A golden bell and a pomegranate, a golden bell and a pomegranate, on the bottom hem of the robe, all around. |
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לדפַּֽעֲמֹ֤ן זָהָב֙ וְרִמּ֔וֹן פַּֽעֲמֹ֥ן זָהָ֖ב וְרִמּ֑וֹן עַל־שׁוּלֵ֥י הַמְּעִ֖יל סָבִֽיב: |
| A golden bell and a pomegranate: A golden bell and a pomegranate beside it. |
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פַּֽעֲמֹן זָהָב וְרִמּוֹן פַּֽעֲמֹן זָהָב וְרִמּוֹן:
אֶצְלוֹ:
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| 35It shall be on Aaron when he performs the service, and its sound shall be heard when he enters the Holy before the Lord and when he leaves, so that he will not die. |
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להוְהָיָ֥ה עַל־אַֽהֲרֹ֖ן לְשָׁרֵ֑ת וְנִשְׁמַ֣ע ק֠וֹל֠וֹ בְּבֹא֨וֹ אֶל־הַקֹּ֜דֶשׁ לִפְנֵ֧י יְהֹוָ֛ה וּבְצֵאת֖וֹ וְלֹ֥א יָמֽוּת: |
| so that he will not die: From the negative you deduce the positive. If he has them [the garments], he will not be liable to death, but if he enters [when he is] lacking one of these garments, he is liable to death by the hands of Heaven. -[from Tanchuma Buber, Acharei 7] |
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וְלֹא יָמֽוּת:
מִכְּלַל לָאו אַתָּה שׁוֹמֵעַ הֵן – אִם יִהְיוּ לוֹ לֹא יִתְחַיֵּב מִיתָה, הָא אִם יִכָּנֵס מְחֻסָּר אֶחָד מִן הַבְּגָדִים הַלָּלוּ, חַיָּב מִיתָה בִידֵי שָׁמַיִם (סנהדרין פ"ג):
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| 36And you shall make a showplate of pure gold, and you shall engrave upon it like the engraving of a seal: Holy to the Lord." |
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לווְעָשִׂ֥יתָ צִּ֖יץ זָהָ֣ב טָה֑וֹר וּפִתַּחְתָּ֤ עָלָיו֙ פִּתּוּחֵ֣י חֹתָ֔ם קֹ֖דֶשׁ לַֽיהֹוָֽה: |
| a showplate: It was like a sort of golden plate, two fingerbreadths wide, encircling the forehead from ear to ear. -[from Shab. 63b] |
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צּיץ:
כְּמִין טַס שֶׁל זָהָב הָיָה, רֹחַב שְׁתֵּי אֶצְבָּעוֹת, מַקִּיף עַל הַמֵּצַח מֵאֹזֶן לְאֹזֶן:
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| 37And you shall place it upon a cord of blue wool and it shall go over the cap, and it shall be opposite the front side of the cap. |
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לזוְשַׂמְתָּ֤ אֹתוֹ֙ עַל־פְּתִ֣יל תְּכֵ֔לֶת וְהָיָ֖ה עַל־הַמִּצְנָ֑פֶת אֶל־מ֥וּל פְּנֵֽי־הַמִּצְנֶ֖פֶת יִֽהְיֶֽה: |
| upon a cord of blue wool: But elsewhere, it says: “And they placed upon it a cord of blue wool” (Exod. 39:31). Moreover, here it is written: “and it shall go over the cap,” whereas below it says: “It shall be upon Aaron’s forehead.” (verse 38). [A clue to the solution is] in [tractate] Shechitath Kodashim (Zev. 19a) [where] we learn: “His hair was visible between the showplate and the cap, where he would place the tefillin.” [Thus] we learn that the cap was above, on the crown of the head, and it was not deep [enough] for the entire head up to the forehead to fit into it. The showplate was below [the cap], and the cords were in holes and hanging on it at its two ends and in its center. [Thus, there were] six [cords] in these three places: [one] cord on top, one from outside, and one from inside opposite it. He tied the three ends from behind the nape of his neck. Thus, the combination of the length of the plate and the cords of its ends encircled the crown. The middle cord, which was on his head, was tied with the ends of the two [other cords], and it passed along the surface of the width of the head from above. Thus, it is was like a sort of hat. Concerning the middle cord it says: “and it shall go over the cap.” He would place the showplate on his head like a sort of hat over the cap, and the middle cord would hold it so that it would not fall, and the plate was suspended opposite his forehead. [Thus,] all the verses are explained: the cord was on the showplate, the showplate on the cord, and the cord was on the cap from above. |
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עַל־פְּתִיל תְּכֵלֶת:
וּבְמָקוֹם אַחֵר הוּא אוֹמֵר וַיִּתְּנוּ עָלָיו פְּתִיל תְּכֵלֶת? וְעוֹד כְּתִיב כָּאן וְהָיָה עַל הַמִּצְנָפֶת, וּלְמַטָּה הוּא אוֹמֵר וְהָיָה עַל מֵצַח אַהֲרֹן? וּבִשְׁחִיטַת קָדָשִׁים שָׁנִינוּ שְׂעָרוֹ הָיָה נִרְאֶה בֵּין צִיץ לַמִּצְנֶפֶת שֶׁשָּׁם מֵנִיחַ תְּפִלִּין? לָמַדְנוּ שֶׁהַמִּצְנֶפֶת לְמַעְלָה בְּגֹבַהּ הָרֹאשׁ וְאֵינָהּ עֲמֻקָּה לִכָּנֵס בָּהּ כָּל הָרֹאשׁ עַד הַמֵּצַח, וְהַצִּיץ מִלְּמַטָּה, וְהַפְּתִילִים הָיוּ בִנְקָבִים וּתְלוּיִין בּוֹ בִּשְׁנֵי רָאשִׁים וּבְאֶמְצָעוֹ, שִׁשָּׁה בִּשְׁלֹשָׁה מְקוֹמוֹת הַלָּלוּ, פְּתִיל מִלְמַעְלָה אֶחָד מִבַּחוּץ וְאֶחָד מִבִּפְנִים כְּנֶגְדּוֹ, וְקוֹשֵׁר רָאשֵׁי הַפְּתִילִים מֵאֲחוֹרֵי הָעֹרֶף שְׁלָשְׁתָּן, וְנִמְצְאוּ בֵין אֹרֶךְ הַטַּס וּפְתִילֵי רָאשָׁיו מַקִּיפִין אֶת הַקָּדְקֹד, וְהַפְּתִיל הָאֶמְצָעִי שֶׁבְּרֹאשׁוֹ, קָשׁוּר עִם רָאשֵׁי הַשְּׁנַיִם, וְהוֹלֵךְ עַל פְּנֵי רֹחַב הָרֹאשׁ מִלְמַעְלָה, נִמְצָא עָשׂוּי כְּמִין כּוֹבַע; וְעַל פְּתִיל הָאֶמְצָעִי הוּא אוֹמֵר וְהָיָה עַל הַמִּצְנָפֶת, וְהָיָה נוֹתֵן הַצִּיץ עַל רֹאשׁוֹ כְּמִין כּוֹבַע עַל הַמִּצְנֶפֶת, וְהַפְּתִיל הָאֶמְצָעִי מַחֲזִיקוֹ שֶׁאֵינוֹ נוֹפֵל וְהַטַּס תָּלוּי כְּנֶגֶד מִצְחוֹ, וְנִתְקַיְּמוּ כָּל הַמִּקְרָאוֹת – פְּתִיל עַל הַצִּיץ, וְצִיץ עַל הַפְּתִיל, וּפְתִיל עַל הַמִּצְנֶפֶת מִלְמַעְלָה:
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| 38It shall be upon Aaron's forehead, and Aaron shall bear the iniquity of the holy things that the children of Israel sanctify, for all their holy gifts. It shall be upon his forehead constantly to make them favorable before the Lord. |
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לחוְהָיָה֘ עַל־מֵ֣צַח אַֽהֲרֹן֒ וְנָשָׂ֨א אַֽהֲרֹ֜ן אֶת־עֲוֹ֣ן הַקֳּדָשִׁ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֤ר יַקְדִּ֨ישׁוּ֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לְכָל־מַתְּנֹ֖ת קָדְשֵׁיהֶ֑ם וְהָיָ֤ה עַל־מִצְחוֹ֙ תָּמִ֔יד לְרָצ֥וֹן לָהֶ֖ם לִפְנֵ֥י יְהֹוָֽה: |
| and Aaron shall bear: Heb. וְנָשָׂא [This is] an expression of forgiveness. Nevertheless, it does not move from its apparent [literal] meaning. Aaron shall indeed bear the burden of iniquity; thereby, it [the iniquity] is removed from the holy things. |
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וְנָשָׂא אַֽהֲרֹן:
לְשׁוֹן סְלִיחָה; וְאַף עַל פִּי כֵן אֵינוֹ זָז מִמַּשְׁמָעוֹ – אַהֲרֹן נוֹשֵׂא אֶת הַמַּשָּׂא שֶׁל עָוֹן – נִמְצָא מְסֻלָּק הֶעָוֹן מִן הַקֳּדָשִׁים (חולין קל"ח):
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| the iniquity of the holy things: to appease [God] for the blood and the fat [of the sacrifices] that were offered up in [a state of] uncleanness, as we learned: Which iniquity does he bear? If [it is] the iniquity of פִּגּוּל, it was already said: “it will not be accepted” (Lev. 19:7). [I.e., if the one who performed the sacrificial service intended to partake of the flesh outside the area designated for this sacrifice, the sacrifice is rendered פִּגּוּל, meaning an abominable thing. It consequently may not be eaten or offered up. The showplate on the Kohen Gadol’s forehead does not make the פִּגּוּל acceptable.] If [it is] the iniquity of נוֹתָר, [i.e.,] leftover sacrificial flesh, it was already said: “it will not be credited” (Lev. 7:18). [I.e., if the one who performed the sacrificial service intended to partake of the flesh after the time allotted for eating the flesh of this sacrifice, it is disqualified, and the showplate does not render it acceptable. Likewise,] we cannot say that it will atone for the iniquity of the kohen who offered up the sacrifice while unclean, for it says [here]: “the iniquity of the holy things,” not the iniquity of those who offer them up. Consequently, it does not appease except to render the sacrifice acceptable. -[from Men. 25a] |
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אֶת־עֲוֹן הַקֳּדָשִׁים:
לְרַצּוֹת עַל הַדָּם וְעַל הַחֵלֶב שֶׁקָּרְבוּ בְטֻמְאָה, כְּמוֹ שֶׁשָּׁנִינוּ: אֵי זֶה עָוֹן הוּא נוֹשֵׂא? אִם עֲוֹן פִּגּוּל, הֲרֵי כְבָר נֶאֱמַר לֹא יֵרָצֶה (ויקרא י"ט), וְאִם עֲוֹן נוֹתָר הֲרֵי נֶאֱמַר לֹא יֵחָשֵׁב (שם ז') – וְאֵין לוֹמַר שֶׁיְּכַפֵּר עַל עֲוֹן הַכֹּהֵן שֶׁהִקְרִיב טָמֵא, שֶׁהֲרֵי עֲוֹן הַקֳּדָשִׁים נֶאֱמַר וְלֹא עֲוֹן הַמַּקְרִיבִים – הָא אֵינוֹ מְרַצֶּה אֶלָא לְהַכְשִׁיר הַקָּרְבָּן (יומא ז'):
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| It shall be upon his forehead constantly: It is impossible to say that it should always be on his forehead, for it was not on him except at the time of the service. But [it means that] it will always make them [the sacrifices] favorable Even when it is not on his forehead, namely if the Kohen Gadol was not ministering at that time. Now, according to the one who says that [only] when it was on his forehead it appeased [and made the sacrifices acceptable], and otherwise, it did not appease, “upon his forehead constantly” is interpreted to mean that he must touch it [the showplate] while it is upon his forehead, so that he would not take his mind off it. -[from Yoma 7b] |
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וְהָיָה עַל־מִצְחוֹ תָּמִיד:
אִי אֶפְשָׁר לוֹמַר שֶׁיְּהֵא עַל מִצְחוֹ תָּמִיד, שֶׁהֲרֵי אֵינוֹ עָלָיו אֶלָּא בִשְׁעַת הָעֲבוֹדָה, אֶלָּא תָּמִיד לְרַצּוֹת לָהֶם אֲפִלּוּ אֵינוֹ עַל מִצְחוֹ – שֶׁלֹּא הָיָה כֹהֵן גָּדוֹל עוֹבֵד בְּאוֹתָהּ שָׁעָה, וּלְדִבְרֵי הָאוֹמֵר עוֹדֵהוּ עַל מִצְחוֹ מְכַפֵּר וּמְרַצֶּה, וְאִם לָאו אֵינוֹ מְרַצֶּה, נִדְרָשׁ עַל מִצְחוֹ תָּמִיד, מְלַמֵּד שֶׁמְּמַשְׁמֵשׁ בּוֹ בְּעוֹדוֹ עַל מִצְחוֹ, שֶׁלֹּא יַסִּיחַ דַּעְתּוֹ מִמֶּנּוּ (שם):
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| 39You shall make the linen tunic of checker work, and you shall make a linen cap; and you shall make a sash of embroidery work. |
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לטוְשִׁבַּצְתָּ֙ הַכְּתֹ֣נֶת שֵׁ֔שׁ וְעָשִׂ֖יתָ מִצְנֶ֣פֶת שֵׁ֑שׁ וְאַבְנֵ֥ט תַּֽעֲשֶׂ֖ה מַֽעֲשֵׂ֥ה רֹקֵֽם: |
| You shall make…of checker work: Make them [the tunics] of boxes, and all of them [shall be made] of linen. |
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וְשִׁבַּצְתָּ:
עֲשֵׂה אוֹתָם מִשְׁבְּצוֹת מִשְׁבְּצוֹת, וְכֻלָּהּ שֶׁל שֵׁשׁ:
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| 40For Aaron's sons you shall make tunics and make them sashes, and you shall make them high hats for honor and glory. |
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מוְלִבְנֵ֤י אַֽהֲרֹן֙ תַּֽעֲשֶׂ֣ה כֻתֳּנֹ֔ת וְעָשִׂ֥יתָ לָהֶ֖ם אַבְנֵטִ֑ים וּמִגְבָּעוֹת֙ תַּֽעֲשֶׂ֣ה לָהֶ֔ם לְכָב֖וֹד וּלְתִפְאָֽרֶת: |
| For Aaron’s sons you shall make tunics: These four garments and no more: a tunic, a sash, the hats, which are [the same as] the cap, and the pants written below (verse 42) for all of them. |
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וְלִבְנֵי אַֽהֲרֹן תַּֽעֲשֶׂה כֻתֳּנֹת:
אַרְבָּעָה בְגָדִים הַלָּלוּ וְלֹא יוֹתֵר, כֻּתֹּנֶת וְאַבְנֵט וּמִגְבָּעוֹת – הִיא מִצְנֶפֶת – וּמִכְנָסַיִם כְּתוּבִים לְמַטָּה בַּפָּרָשָׁה:
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| 41With these you shall clothe Aaron, your brother, and his sons along with him, and you shall anoint them and invest them with full authority and sanctify them so that they may serve Me [as kohanim]. |
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מאוְהִלְבַּשְׁתָּ֤ אֹתָם֙ אֶת־אַֽהֲרֹ֣ן אָחִ֔יךָ וְאֶת־בָּנָ֖יו אִתּ֑וֹ וּמָֽשַׁחְתָּ֨ אֹתָ֜ם וּמִלֵּאתָ֧ אֶת־יָדָ֛ם וְקִדַּשְׁתָּ֥ אֹתָ֖ם וְכִֽהֲנוּ־לִֽי: |
| With these you shall clothe Aaron: [I.e., with] those [garments] stated in connection with Aaron: a choshen, an ephod, a robe, a checker work tunic, a cap, a sash, a showplate, and pants mentioned further on in connection with them all. |
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וְהִלְבַּשְׁתָּ אֹתָם אֶת־אַֽהֲרֹן:
אוֹתָם הָאֲמוּרִין בְּאַהֲרֹן – חֹשֶׁן, וְאֵפוֹד, וּמְעִיל, וּכְתֹנֶת תַּשְׁבֵּץ, מִצְנֶפֶת, וְאַבְנֵט, וְצִיץ, וּמִכְנָסַיִם הַכְּתוּבִים לְמַטָּה בְּכֻלָּם:
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| and his sons along with him: [with] those [garments] mentioned in connection with them. |
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וְאֶת־בָּנָיו אִתּוֹ:
אוֹתָם הַכְּתוּבִים בָּהֶם:
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| and you shall anoint them: [i.e.,] Aaron and his sons, with the anointing oil. |
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וּמָֽשַׁחְתָּ אֹתָם:
אֶת אַהֲרֹן וְאֶת בָּנָיו בְּשֶׁמֶן הַמִּשְׁחָה:
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| and invest them with full authority: Heb. וּמִלֵאתָ אֶת-יָדָם, [lit., and you shall fill their hands.] Every [mention of] “filling of the hands” is an expression of initiation. When he [a person] begins something [such as a position] that he will be in possession of from that day on [it is referred to as “filling” a position]. In Old French, when they appoint a person to be in charge of something, the ruler puts in his hand a leather glove, called guanto [gant in modern French], and thereby he grants him authority over the matter. They call this transmission revestir, invest, transmit [this glove], and this is the [expression] “filling of the hands.” |
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וּמִלֵּאתָ אֶת־יָדָם:
כָּל מִלּוּי יָדַיִם לְשׁוֹן חִנּוּךְ, כְּשֶׁהוּא נִכְנָס לְדָבָר לִהְיוֹת מֻחְזָק בּוֹ מֵאוֹתוֹ יוֹם וָהָלְאָה הוּא: וּבְלְשׁוֹן לַעַז כְּשֶׁמְּמַנִּין אָדָם עַל פְּקִידַת דָּבָר, נוֹתֵן הַשַּׁלִּיט בְּיָדוֹ בֵּית יָד שֶׁל עוֹר, שֶׁקּוֹרִין גאנ"ט בְּלַעַז, וְעַל יָדוֹ הוּא מַחֲזִיקוֹ בַּדָּבָר, וְקוֹרִין לְאוֹתוֹ מְסִירָה רווישט"יר בְּלַעַז, וְהוּא מִלּוּי יָדַיִם:
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| 42And make for them linen pants to cover the flesh of [their] nakedness; they shall reach from the waist down to the thighs. |
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מבוַֽעֲשֵׂ֤ה לָהֶם֙ מִכְנְסֵי־בָ֔ד לְכַסּ֖וֹת בְּשַׂ֣ר עֶרְוָ֑ה מִמָּתְנַ֥יִם וְעַד־יְרֵכַ֖יִם יִֽהְיֽוּ: |
| And make for them: For Aaron and for his sons. |
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וַֽעֲשֵׂה לָהֶם:
לְאַהֲרֹן וּלְבָנָיו:
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| linen pants: Thus [we have] eight garments for the Kohen Gadol and four for the ordinary kohen. |
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מִכְנְסֵי־בָד:
הֲרֵי שְׁמוֹנָה בְגָדִים לְכֹהֵן גָּדוֹל וְאַרְבָּעָה לְכֹהֵן הֶדְיוֹט:
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| 43They shall be worn by Aaron and by his sons when they enter the Tent of Meeting or when they approach the altar to serve in the Holy, so they will not bear iniquity and die. It shall be a perpetual statute for him and for his descendants after him. |
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מגוְהָיוּ֩ עַל־אַֽהֲרֹ֨ן וְעַל־בָּנָ֜יו בְּבֹאָ֣ם | אֶל־אֹ֣הֶל מוֹעֵ֗ד א֣וֹ בְגִשְׁתָּ֤ם אֶל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֨חַ֙ לְשָׁרֵ֣ת בַּקֹּ֔דֶשׁ וְלֹֽא־יִשְׂא֥וּ עָוֹ֖ן וָמֵ֑תוּ חֻקַּ֥ת עוֹלָ֛ם ל֖וֹ וּלְזַרְע֥וֹ אַֽחֲרָֽיו: |
| They shall be worn by Aaron: All these garments [shall be] worn by Aaron, [i.e.,] those that are appropriate for him. |
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וְהָיוּ עַל־אַֽהֲרֹן:
כָּל הַבְּגָדִים הָאֵלֶּה, עַל אַהֲרֹן הָרְאוּיִין לוֹ:
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| and by his sons: those mentioned in connection with them. |
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וְעַל־בָּנָיו:
הָאֲמוּרִין בָּהֶם:
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| when they enter the Tent of Meeting: To the Temple [proper], and so to the Mishkan. |
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בְּבֹאָם אֶל־אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד:
לַהֵיכָל, וְכֵן לַמִּשְׁכָּן:
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| and die: while lacking [the proper] garments is liable to death [by the hands of Heaven]. -[from Tanchuma, Acharei Moth 6] |
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וָמֵתוּ:
הָא לָמַדְתָּ שֶׁהַמְשַׁמֵּשׁ מְחֻסַּר בְּגָדִים בְּמִיתָה.
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| a perpetual statute for him: Wherever it says חֻקַתעוֹלָם, “a perpetual statute,” it means a decree that is [in effect] immediately and for [future] generations [as well]. [This statute is] to make invalid [the sacrifice if any requirement is missing]. -[See Men. 19a.] |
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חֻקַּת עוֹלָם לוֹ:
כָּל מָקוֹם שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר חֻקַּת עוֹלָם הוּא גְּזֵרָה מִיָּד וּלְדוֹרוֹת, לְעַכֵּב בּוֹ (מנחות י"ט):
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