| 23God spoke to Moses, saying, |
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כגוַיְדַבֵּ֥ר יְהֹוָ֖ה אֶל־משֶׁ֥ה לֵּאמֹֽר: |
| 24“Speak to the Israelites, saying: ‘You must celebrate the first day of the seventh month as a day of rest—a remembrance of the shofar blast; a holy occasion. |
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כדדַּבֵּ֛ר אֶל־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לֵאמֹ֑ר בַּחֹ֨דֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֜י בְּאֶחָ֣ד לַחֹ֗דֶשׁ יִֽהְיֶ֤ה לָכֶם֙ שַׁבָּת֔וֹן זִכְר֥וֹן תְּרוּעָ֖ה מִקְרָא־קֹֽדֶשׁ: |
| זִכְרוֹן תְּרוּעָה - A remembrance of the shofar blast. This refers to the reminder achieved by reciting verses of Divine remembrance and verses that mention the shofar blast, so as to recall the merit of the “binding” of Isaac, and how a ram – recalled by the shofar – was offered in his stead. |
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זִכְרוֹן תְּרוּעָה.
זִכְרוֹן פְּסוּקֵי זִכְרוֹנוֹת וּפְסוּקֵי שׁוֹפָרוֹת (ספרא: ראש השנה ל"ב) לִזְכֹּר לָכֶם עֲקֵדַת יִצְחָק שֶׁקָּרַב תַּחְתָּיו אַיִל:
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| 25You must not perform any mundane work, and you must offer up a fire-offering to God.’” |
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כהכָּל־מְלֶ֥אכֶת עֲבֹדָ֖ה לֹ֣א תַֽעֲשׂ֑וּ וְהִקְרַבְתֶּ֥ם אִשֶּׁ֖ה לַֽיהֹוָֽה: |
| וְהִקְרַבְתֶּם אִשֶּׁה - And you must offer up a fire-offering - i.e., the additional offerings mentioned in the Book of Numbers. |
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וְהִקְרַבְתֶּם אִשֶּׁה.
הַמּוּסָפִין הָאֲמוּרִין בְּחֻמַּשׁ הַפְּקוּדִים:
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| 26God spoke to Moses, saying: |
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כווַיְדַבֵּ֥ר יְהֹוָ֖ה אֶל־משֶׁ֥ה לֵּאמֹֽר: |
| 27“But you must celebrate the tenth of this seventh month as a Day of Atonement, a holy occasion. You must afflict yourselves and you must offer up a fire-offering to God. |
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כזאַ֡ךְ בֶּֽעָשׂ֣וֹר לַחֹ֩דֶשׁ֩ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֨י הַזֶּ֜ה י֧וֹם הַכִּפֻּרִ֣ים ה֗וּא מִקְרָא־קֹ֨דֶשׁ֙ יִֽהְיֶ֣ה לָכֶ֔ם וְעִנִּיתֶ֖ם אֶת־נַפְשֹֽׁתֵיכֶ֑ם וְהִקְרַבְתֶּ֥ם אִשֶּׁ֖ה לַֽיהֹוָֽה: |
| אַךְ - (lit.) Only. Every instance of אַךְ or רַק in the Torah implies limitation. Here אַךְ teaches us that Yom Kippur effects atonement only for those who have repented, but does not effect atonement for those who do not repent. |
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אַךְ.
כָּל אַכִין וְרַקִּין שֶׁבַּתּוֹרָה מִעוּטִים — מְכַפֵּר הוּא לַשָּׁבִים וְאֵינוֹ מְכַפֵּר עַל שֶׁאֵינָם שָׁבִים (ספרא):
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| 28You must not perform any work on this day itself, for it is a Day of Atonement reserved for effecting atonement for you before God, your God. |
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כחוְכָל־מְלָאכָה֙ לֹ֣א תַֽעֲשׂ֔וּ בְּעֶ֖צֶם הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה כִּ֣י י֤וֹם כִּפֻּרִים֙ ה֔וּא לְכַפֵּ֣ר עֲלֵיכֶ֔ם לִפְנֵ֖י יְהֹוָ֥ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶֽם: |
| 29For any person who neglects to be afflicted on this day itself will be cut off from his people. |
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כטכִּ֤י כָל־הַנֶּ֨פֶשׁ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא־תְעֻנֶּ֔ה בְּעֶ֖צֶם הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה וְנִכְרְתָ֖ה מֵֽעַמֶּֽיהָ: |
| 30Regarding any person who performs any work on this day itself, I will cause that person to be lost from among his people. |
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לוְכָל־הַנֶּ֗פֶשׁ אֲשֶׁ֤ר תַּֽעֲשֶׂה֙ כָּל־מְלָאכָ֔ה בְּעֶ֖צֶם הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה וְהַֽאֲבַדְתִּ֛י אֶת־הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַהִ֖וא מִקֶּ֥רֶב עַמָּֽהּ: |
| וְהַֽאֲבַדְתִּי - I will cause [that person] to be lost. Since excision is mentioned throughout the Torah but I do not know what it entails, when it says: וְהַאֲבַדְתִּי, usually translated “I will destroy,” it teaches that excision is nothing other than destruction. |
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וְהַֽאֲבַדְתִּי.
לְפִי שֶׁהוּא אוֹמֵר כָּרֵת בְּכָל מָקוֹם וְאֵינִי יוֹדֵעַ מַה הוּא, כְּשֶׁהוּא אוֹמֵר וְהַאֲבַדְתִּי, לִמֵּד עַל הַכָּרֵת שֶׁאֵינוֹ אֶלָּא אֲבַדּוֹן:
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| 31You must not perform any work; this is an eternal rule, which will apply throughout your generations and in all your dwelling places. |
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לאכָּל־מְלָאכָ֖ה לֹ֣א תַֽעֲשׂ֑וּ חֻקַּ֤ת עוֹלָם֙ לְדֹרֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם בְּכֹ֖ל מֽשְׁבֹֽתֵיכֶֽם: |
| כָּל־מְלָאכָה וגו' - [You must not perform] any work. This prohibition is repeated, making one who transgresses it liable for many passive commandments, or, alternatively, it is repeated to prohibit work during the night of Yom Kippur just like work during its day. |
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כָּל־מְלָאכָה וגו'.
לַעֲבֹר עָלָיו בְּלָאוִין הַרְבֵּה, אוֹ לְהַזְהִיר עַל מְלֶאכֶת לַיְלָה כִּמְלֶאכֶת יוֹם:
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| 32It must be a complete day of rest for you, and you must afflict yourselves. You must observe your day of rest on the ninth of the month in the late afternoon, from that afternoon until the end of the following afternoon.” |
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לבשַׁבַּ֨ת שַׁבָּת֥וֹן הוּא֙ לָכֶ֔ם וְעִנִּיתֶ֖ם אֶת־נַפְשֹֽׁתֵיכֶ֑ם בְּתִשְׁעָ֤ה לַחֹ֨דֶשׁ֙ בָּעֶ֔רֶב מֵעֶ֣רֶב עַד־עֶ֔רֶב תִּשְׁבְּת֖וּ שַׁבַּתְּכֶֽם: |
