| 17All the pillars surrounding the Courtyard must be banded with silver; their hooks must be made of silver and their bases of copper. |
|
יזכָּל־עַמּוּדֵ֨י הֶֽחָצֵ֤ר סָבִיב֙ מְחֻשָּׁקִ֣ים כֶּ֔סֶף וָֽוֵיהֶ֖ם כָּ֑סֶף וְאַדְנֵיהֶ֖ם נְחֽשֶׁת: |
| כָּל־עַמּוּדֵי הֶֽחָצֵר סָבִיב וגו' - All the pillars surrounding the Courtyard… Since Scripture thus far specified hooks, bands, and that the bases be of copper only for the north and south sides – but for the east and west sides, hooks, bands, and copper bases are not stated explicitly – it comes and teaches us about them here. |
|
כָּל־עַמּוּדֵי הֶֽחָצֵר סָבִיב וגו'.
לְפִי שֶׁלֹּא פֵּרֵשׁ וָוִין וַחֲשׁוּקִים וְאַדְנֵי נְחֹשֶׁת אֶלָּא לַצָּפוֹן וְלַדָּרוֹם, אֲבָל לַמִּזְרָח וְלַמַּעֲרָב לֹא נֶאֱמַר וָוִין וַחֲשׁוּקִים וְאַדְנֵי נְחֹשֶׁת, לְכָךְ בָּא וְלִמֵּד כָּאן:
|
| 18The length of the Courtyard must be 100 cubits. The width and breadth of the eastern half of the Courtyard must be 50 cubits by 50. The height of the enclosure must be five cubits, nettings made of twined linen. The bases must be made of copper. |
|
יחאֹ֣רֶךְ הֶֽחָצֵר֩ מֵאָ֨ה בָֽאַמָּ֜ה וְרֹ֣חַב | חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים בַּֽחֲמִשִּׁ֗ים וְקֹמָ֛ה חָמֵ֥שׁ אַמּ֖וֹת שֵׁ֣שׁ מָשְׁזָ֑ר וְאַדְנֵיהֶ֖ם נְחֽשֶׁת: |
| אֹרֶךְ הֶֽחָצֵר - The length of the Courtyard - i.e., the north and south sides from east to west, must be “100 cubits.” |
|
אֹרֶךְ הֶֽחָצֵר.
הַצָּפוֹן וְהַדָּרוֹם שֶׁמִּן הַמִּזְרָח לַמַּעֲרָב מאה באמה:
|
| וְרֹחַב חֲמִשִּׁים בַּֽחֲמִשִּׁים - The width, 50 [cubits] by 50 - i.e., the east section of the Courtyard was square, 50 cubits by 50 – for the Tabernacle was 30 cubits long and 10 wide, and when positioning its entrance to the east on the edge of the outer 50 cubits of the length of the Courtyard, it emerges that the entire Tabernacle was within the inner 50 cubits and its length ended at the end of 30 cubits. There was thus a 20-cubit space behind it, between the nettings in the west side and the coverings to the back of the Tabernacle. The width of the Tabernacle was 10 cubits in the middle of the width of the Courtyard, leaving a 20-cubit space on both the north and south sides, from the nettings of the Courtyard to the coverings to the sides of the Tabernacle, and similarly on the west side, and a 50-by-50-cubit Courtyard in front of it. |
|
וְרֹחַב חֲמִשִּׁים בַּֽחֲמִשִּׁים.
חָצֵר שֶׁבַּמִּזְרָח הָיְתָה מְרֻבַּעַת, חֲמִשִּׁים עַל חֲמִשִּׁים, שֶׁהַמִּשְׁכָּן אָרְכּוֹ שְׁלֹשִׁים וְרָחְבּוֹ עֶשֶׂר, הֶעֱמִיד מִזְרַח פִּתְחוֹ בִּשְׂפַת נ' הַחִיצוֹנִים שֶׁל אֹרֶךְ הֶחָצֵר, נִמְצָא כֻּלּוֹ בַּחֲמִשִּׁים הַפְּנִימִיִּים וְכָלֶה אָרְכּוֹ לְסוֹף שְׁלֹשִׁים, נִמְצְאוּ עֶשְׂרִים אַמָּה רֶוַח לַאֲחוֹרָיו בֵּין הַקְּלָעִים שֶׁבַּמַּעֲרָב לַיְרִיעוֹת שֶׁל אֲחוֹרֵי הַמִּשְׁכָּן, וְרֹחַב הַמִּשְׁכָּן עֶשֶׂר אַמּוֹת, בְּאֶמְצַע רֹחַב הֶחָצֵר, נִמְצְאוּ לוֹ עֶשְׂרִים אַמָּה רֶוַח לַצָּפוֹן וְלַדָּרוֹם מִן קַלְעֵי הֶחָצֵר לִירִיעוֹת הַמִּשְׁכָּן, וְכֵן לַמַּעֲרָב, וַחֲמִשִּׁים עַל חֲמִשִּׁים חָצֵר לְפָנָיו:
|
| וְקֹמָה חָמֵשׁ אַמּוֹת - The height, five cubits - i.e., the height of the walls of the Courtyard, which is the width of the nettings. |
|
וְקֹמָה חָמֵשׁ אַמּוֹת.
גֹּבַהּ מְחִצּוֹת הֶחָצֵר וְהוּא רֹחַב הַקְּלָעִים:
|
| וְאַדְנֵיהֶם נְחֽשֶׁת - (lit.) And their bases of copper. This is written to include the bases of the Screen, so that you not say that copper bases were stated only regarding the pillars of the crocheted nettings, but the bases of the Screen were made of another material. It appears to me that for this reason Scripture mentioned the bases here again. |
|
וְאַדְנֵיהֶם נְחֽשֶׁת.
לְהָבִיא אַדְנֵי הַמָּסָךְ, שֶׁלֹּא תֹאמַר לֹא נֶאֶמְרוּ אַדְנֵי נְחֹשֶׁת אֶלָּא לְעַמּוּדֵי הַקְּלָעִים אֲבָל אַדְנֵי הַמָּסָךְ שֶׁל מִין אַחֵר, כֵּן נִרְאֶה בְעֵינַי שֶׁלְּכָךְ חָזַר וּשְׁנָאָן:
|
| 19All the utensils of the Tabernacle used in the work of constructing and dismantling it must be made of copper. All the stakes of the Tabernacle and all the stakes for the Courtyard must be made of copper.” |
|
יטלְכֹל֙ כְּלֵ֣י הַמִּשְׁכָּ֔ן בְּכֹ֖ל עֲבֹֽדָת֑וֹ וְכָל־יְתֵֽדֹתָ֛יו וְכָל־יִתְדֹ֥ת הֶֽחָצֵ֖ר נְחֽשֶׁת: |
| לְכֹל כְּלֵי הַמִּשְׁכָּן - All the utensils of the Tabernacle - which were needed for erecting it and dismantling it, such as hammers to drive the stakes and pillars. |
|
לְכֹל כְּלֵי הַמִּשְׁכָּן.
שֶׁהָיוּ צְרִיכִין לַהֲקָמָתוֹ וּלְהוֹרָדָתוֹ, כְּגוֹן מַקָּבוֹת לִתְקֹעַ יְתֵדוֹת וְעַמּוּדִים:
|
| יִתְדֹת - The stakes. These were a type of copper bolt made for the sheets of the Tent covering and the nettings of the Courtyard, fastened to ropes and positioned all around their lower edges so that the wind not lift them. I do not know for certain whether they were implanted into the ground as is the usual function of stakes, or if in this case they were tied hanging freely and their weight held the bottom of the sheets down so that they not move in the wind, but I maintain that their name indicates that they were implanted into the ground and for this reason they are called יְתֵדוֹת, and this verse supports my opinion: “A Tent that will not fall and whose stakes (יְתֵדֹתָיו) will not be removed forever.” |
|
יִתְדֹת.
כְּמִין נִגְרֵי נְחֹשֶׁת עֲשׂוּיִין לִירִיעוֹת הָאֹהֶל וּלְקַלְעֵי הֶחָצֵר, קְשׁוּרִים בְּמֵיתָרִים סָבִיב סָבִיב בְּשִׁפּוּלֵיהֶן, כְּדֵי שֶׁלֹּא תְהֵא הָרוּחַ מַגְבִּיהָתָן, וְאֵינִי יוֹדֵעַ אִם תְּחוּבִין בָּאָרֶץ אוֹ קְשׁוּרִין וּתְלוּיִין וְכָבְדָּן מַכְבִּיד שִׁפּוּלֵי הַיְרִיעוֹת שֶׁלֹּא יָנוּעוּ בָרוּחַ, וְאוֹמֵר אֲנִי שֶׁשְּׁמָן מוֹכִיחַ עֲלֵיהֶם שֶׁהֵם תְּקוּעִים בָּאָרֶץ, לְכָךְ נִקְרְאוּ יְתֵדוֹת, וּמִקְרָא זֶה מְסַיְּעֵנִי אֹהֶל בַּל יִצְעָן בַּל יִסַּע יְתֵדֹתָיו לָנֶצַח (ישעיהו ל"ג):
|
