Torah Reading for Vayeitzei

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First Portion

Bereshit (Genesis) Chapter 28

10And Jacob left Beer sheba, and he went to Haran.		יוַיֵּצֵ֥א יַֽעֲקֹ֖ב מִבְּאֵ֣ר שָׁ֑בַע וַיֵּ֖לֶךְ חָרָֽנָה:
And Jacob left: Because, it was due to the fact that the daughters of Canaan were displeasing in the eyes of his father Isaac, that Esau went to Ishmael, Scripture interrupted the account dealing with Jacob and it is written (above verse 6): “When Esau saw that Isaac had blessed [Jacob], etc.” And as soon as Scripture finished [the account of Esau’s marriage], it returned to the previous topic.		וַיֵּצֵא יַֽעֲקֹב: עַל יְדֵי שֶׁבִּשְׁבִיל שֶׁרָעוֹת בְּנוֹת כְּנַעַן בְּעֵינֵי יִצְחָק אָבִיו הָלַךְ עֵשָׂו אֶל יִשְׁמָעֵאל, הִפְסִיק הָעִנְיָן בְּפָרָשָׁתוֹ שֶׁל יַעֲקֹב, וּכְתִיב וַיַּרְא עֵשָׂו כִּי בֵרַךְ וְגוֹ', וּמִשֶּׁגָּמַר חָזַר לָעִנְיָן הָרִאשׁוֹן:
And Jacob left: Scripture had only to write: “And Jacob went to Haran.” Why did it mention his departure? But this tells [us] that the departure of a righteous man from a place makes an impression, for while the righteous man is in the city, he is its beauty, he is its splendor, he is its majesty. When he departs from there, its beauty has departed, its splendor has departed, its majesty has departed. And likewise (Ruth 1:7): “And she went forth from the place,” stated in reference to Naomi and Ruth. - [From Gen. Rabbah 68:6]		וַיֵּצֵא: לֹא הָיָה צָרִיךְ לִכְתֹּב אֶלָּא וַיֵּלֶךְ יַעֲקֹב חָרָנָה, וְלָמָּה הִזְכִּיר יְצִיאָתוֹ? אֶלָּא מַגִּיד שֶׁיְּצִיאַת צַדִּיק מִן הַמָּקוֹם עוֹשָׂה רֹשֶׁם, שֶׁבִּזְמַן שֶׁהַצַּדִּיק בָּעִיר, הוּא הוֹדָהּ הוּא זִיוָהּ הוּא הֲדָרָהּ; יָצָא מִשָּׁם, פָּנָה הוֹדָהּ פָּנָה זִיוָהּ פָּנָה הֲדָרָהּ. וְכֵן וַתֵּצֵא מִן הַמָּקוֹם הָאָמוּר בְּנָעֳמִי וְרוּת (רות א'):
and he went to Haran: He left in order to go to Haran. — [From Gen. Rabbah 68:8]		וַיֵּלֶךְ חָרָֽנָה: יָצָא לָלֶכֶת לְחָרָן:
11And he arrived at the place and lodged there because the sun had set, and he took some of the stones of the place and placed [them] at his head, and he lay down in that place.		יאוַיִּפְגַּ֨ע בַּמָּק֜וֹם וַיָּ֤לֶן שָׁם֙ כִּי־בָ֣א הַשֶּׁ֔מֶשׁ וַיִּקַּח֙ מֵֽאַבְנֵ֣י הַמָּק֔וֹם וַיָּ֖שֶׂם מְרַֽאֲשֹׁתָ֑יו וַיִּשְׁכַּ֖ב בַּמָּק֥וֹם הַהֽוּא:
And he arrived at the place: Scripture does not mention which place, but [it means] the place mentioned elsewhere, which is Mount Moriah, concerning which it is said (Gen. 22:4): “And he saw the place from afar.” [From Pes. 88a]		וַיִּפְגַּע בַּמָּקוֹם: לֹא הִזְכִּיר הַכָּתוּב בְּאֵיזֶה מָקוֹם אֶלָּא בַּמָּקוֹם – הַנִּזְכָּר בְּמָקוֹם אַחֵר, הוּא הַר הַמּוֹרִיָּה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר בּוֹ וַיַּרְא אֶת הַמָּקוֹם מֵרָחֹק:
And he arrived: Heb. וַיִפְגַע, as in (Josh. 16:7): “and it reached (וּפָגַע) Jericho;” (ibid. 19: 11): “and it reached (וּפָגַע) Dabbesheth.” Our Rabbis (Gen. Rabbah 68:9, Ber. 26b) interpreted it [the word וַיִפְגַע] as an expression of prayer, as in (Jer. 7:16): “And do not entreat (תִּפְגַּע) me,” and this teaches us that he [Jacob] instituted the evening prayer. [Scripture] did not write וַיִתְפַּלֵּל, [the usual expression for prayer], to teach that the earth sprang toward him [i.e., the mountain moved toward him], as is explained in the chapter entitled גִיד הַנָּשֶׁה (Chullin 91b).		וַיִּפְגַּע: כְּמוֹ וּפָגַע בִּירִיחוֹ וּפָגַע בְּדַבָּשֶׁת (יהושע ט"ז וי"ט) וְרַבּוֹתֵינוּ פֵּרְשׁוּ לְשׁוֹן תְּפִלָּה (ברכות כ"ו), כְּמוֹ וְאַל תִּפְגַּע בִּי (ירמיהו ז'), וְלָמַדְנוּ שֶׁתִּקֵּן תְּפִלַּת עַרְבִית. וְשִׁנָּה הַכָּתוּב וְלֹא כָּתַב וַיִּתְפַּלֵּל, לְלַמֶּדְךָ שֶׁקָּפְצָה לוֹ הָאָרֶץ, כְּמוֹ שֶׁמְּפֹרָשׁ בְּפֶרֶק גִּיד הַנָּשֶׁה (חולין צ"א):
because the sun had set: Heb. כִּי בָא הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ [Scripture] should have written [in reverse order]: “And the sun set (וַיָּבֹא), and he stayed there overnight.” [The expression] כִּי בָא הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ implies that the sun set suddenly for him, not at its usual time, so that he would have to stay there overnight. [From Gen. Rabbah 68:10, Chullin 91b]		כִּי־בָא הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ: הָיָה לוֹ לִכְתֹּב וַיָּבֹא הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ וַיָּלֶן שָׁם, כִּי בָא הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ מַשְׁמַע שֶׁשָּׁקְעָה לוֹ חַמָּה פִּתְאוֹם, שֶׁלֹּא בְּעוֹנָתָהּ, כְּדֵי שֶׁיָּלִין שָׁם:
and placed [them] at his head: He arranged them in the form of a drainpipe around his head because he feared the wild beasts. They [the stones] started quarreling with one another. One said, “Let the righteous man lay his head on me,” and another one said, “Let him lay [his head] on me.” Immediately, the Holy One, blessed be He, made them into one stone. This is why it is stated (verse 18): “and he took the stone [in the singular] that he had placed at his head.” [From Chullin 91b]		וַיָּשֶׂם מראשותיו: עֲשָׂאָן כְּמִין מַרְזֵב סָבִיב לְרֹאשׁוֹ, שֶׁיָּרֵא מִפְּנֵי חַיּוֹת רָעוֹת; הִתְחִילוּ מְרִיבוֹת זוֹ אֶת זוֹ, זֹאת אוֹמֶרֶת עָלַי יָנִיחַ צַדִּיק אֶת רֹאשׁוֹ וְזֹאת אוֹמֶרֶת עָלַי יָנִיחַ; מִיָּד עֲשָׂאָן הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא אֶבֶן אַחַת, וְזֶהוּ שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר וַיִּקַּח אֶת הָאֶבֶן אֲשֶׁר שָׂם מְרַאֲשֹׁתָיו:
and he lay down in that place: [The word הַהוּא] is a restrictive expression, meaning that [only] in that place did he lie down, but during the fourteen years that he served in the house of Eber, he did not lie down at night, because he was engaged in Torah study. [From Gen. Rabbah 68:11]		וַיִּשְׁכַּב בַּמָּקוֹם הַהֽוּא: לְשׁוֹן מִעוּט; בְּאוֹתוֹ מָקוֹם שָׁכַב אֲבָל י"ד שָׁנִים שֶׁשִּׁמֵּשׁ בְּבֵית עֵבֶר לֹא שָׁכַב בַּלַּיְלָה, שֶׁהָיָה עוֹסֵק בַּתּוֹרָה:
12And he dreamed, and behold! a ladder set up on the ground and its top reached to heaven; and behold, angels of God were ascending and descending upon it.		יבוַיַּֽחֲלֹ֗ם וְהִנֵּ֤ה סֻלָּם֙ מֻצָּ֣ב אַ֔רְצָה וְרֹאשׁ֖וֹ מַגִּ֣יעַ הַשָּׁמָ֑יְמָה וְהִנֵּה֙ מַלְאֲכֵ֣י אֱלֹהִ֔ים עֹלִ֥ים וְיֹֽרְדִ֖ים בּֽוֹ:
ascending and descending: Ascending first and afterwards descending. The angels who escorted him in the [Holy] Land do not go outside the Land, and they ascended to heaven, and the angels of outside the Holy Land descended to escort him.[From Gen. Rabbah 68:12]		עולים וְיֹֽרְדִים: עוֹלִים תְּחִלָּה וְאַחַר כָּךְ יוֹרְדִים? מַלְאָכִים שֶׁלִּוּוּהוּ בָּאָרֶץ אֵין יוֹצְאִים חוּצָה לָאָרֶץ, וְעָלוּ לָרָקִיעַ וְיָרְדוּ מַלְאֲכֵי חוּצָה לָאָרֶץ לְלַוּוֹתוֹ:
13And behold, the Lord was standing over him, and He said, "I am the Lord, the God of Abraham your father, and the God of Isaac; the land upon which you are lying to you I will give it and to your seed.		יגוְהִנֵּ֨ה יְהֹוָ֜ה נִצָּ֣ב עָלָיו֘ וַיֹּאמַר֒ אֲנִ֣י יְהֹוָ֗ה אֱלֹהֵי֙ אַבְרָהָ֣ם אָבִ֔יךָ וֵֽאלֹהֵ֖י יִצְחָ֑ק הָאָ֗רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֤ר אַתָּה֙ שֹׁכֵ֣ב עָלֶ֔יהָ לְךָ֥ אֶתְּנֶ֖נָּה וּלְזַרְעֶֽךָ:
And behold, the Lord was standing over him: to guard him.		נִצָּב עָלָיו: לְשָׁמְרוֹ:
and the God of Isaac: Although we do not find in Scripture that the Holy One, blessed be He, associates His name with that of the righteous during their lifetimes by writing “the God of so-and-so,” for it is said (Job 15:15): “Lo! He does not believe in His holy ones,” [i.e., God does not consider even His holy ones as righteous until after their deaths, when they are no longer subject to the evil inclination,] nevertheless, here He associated His name with Isaac because his eyes had become dim, and he was confined in the house, and he was like a dead person, the evil inclination having ceased from him (Tanchuma Toledoth 7).		וֵֽאלֹהֵי יִצְחָק: אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁלֹּא מָצִינוּ בַּמִּקְרָא שֶׁיִּחֵד הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא שְׁמוֹ עַל הַצַּדִּיקִים בְּחַיֵּיהֶם לִכְתֹּב אֱלֹהֵי פְּלוֹנִי, מִשּׁוּם שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר הֵן בִּקְדֹשָׁו לֹא יַאֲמִין (איוב ט"ו), כָּאן יִחֵד שְׁמוֹ עַל יִצְחָק, לְפִי שֶׁכָּהוּ עֵינָיו וְכָלוּא בַבַּיִת, וַהֲרֵי הוּא כְמֵת וְיֵצֶר הָרָע פָּסַק מִמֶּנּוּ, תַּנְחוּמָא:
upon which you are lying: (Chullin ad loc.) The Holy One, blessed be He, folded the entire Land of Israel under him. He hinted to him that it would be as easily conquered by his children (as four cubits, which represent the area a person takes up [when lying down]). [From Chullin 91b]		שֹׁכֵב עָלֶיהָ: קִפֵּל הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא כָּל אֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל תַּחְתָּיו, רָמַז לוֹ שֶׁתְּהֵא נוֹחָה לִכָּבֵשׁ לְבָנָיו כְּד' אַמּוֹת שֶׁזֶּה מְקוֹמוֹ שֶׁל אָדָם (חולין שם):
14And your seed shall be as the dust of the earth, and you shall gain strength westward and eastward and northward and southward; and through you shall be blessed all the families of the earth and through your seed.		ידוְהָיָ֤ה זַרְעֲךָ֙ כַּֽעֲפַ֣ר הָאָ֔רֶץ וּפָֽרַצְתָּ֛ יָ֥מָּה וָקֵ֖דְמָה וְצָפֹ֣נָה וָנֶ֑גְבָּה וְנִבְרְכ֥וּ בְךָ֛ כָּל־מִשְׁפְּחֹ֥ת הָֽאֲדָמָ֖ה וּבְזַרְעֶֽךָ:
and you shall gain strength: Heb. וּפָרַצ ְתָּ, as in יִפְרֹץ וְכֵן, “and so did they gain strength” (Exod. 1:12). [after targumim]		וּפָֽרַצְתָּ: וְחָזַקְתָּ, כְּמוֹ וְכֵן יִפְרֹץ:
15And behold, I am with you, and I will guard you wherever you go, and I will restore you to this land, for I will not forsake you until I have done what I have spoken concerning you."		טווְהִנֵּ֨ה אָֽנֹכִ֜י עִמָּ֗ךְ וּשְׁמַרְתִּ֨יךָ֙ בְּכֹ֣ל אֲשֶׁר־תֵּלֵ֔ךְ וַֽהֲשִׁ֣בֹתִ֔יךָ אֶל־הָֽאֲדָמָ֖ה הַזֹּ֑את כִּ֚י לֹ֣א אֶֽעֱזָבְךָ֔ עַ֚ד אֲשֶׁ֣ר אִם־עָשִׂ֔יתִי אֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר־דִּבַּ֖רְתִּי לָֽךְ:
And behold, I am with you: [God promised Jacob this] because he was afraid of Esau and Laban.		אָֽנֹכִי עִמָּךְ: לְפִי שֶׁהָיָה יָרֵא מֵעֵשָׂו וּמִלָּבָן:
until I have done: אִם is used in the sense of כִּי, [meaning that].		עַד אֲשֶׁר־אִם־עָשִׂיתִי: אִם מְשַׁמֵּשׁ בִּלְשׁוֹן כִּי (גיטין צ'):
I have spoken concerning you: Heb. לך‏ָ, for your benefit and concerning you. What I promised to Abraham concerning his seed, I promised in reference to you and not in reference to Esau, for I did not say to him, “for Isaac will be called your seed,” [which would signify that all of Isaac’s descendants would be regarded as Abraham’s] but “for in Isaac,” [meaning part of Isaac’s descendants] but not all [the descendants] of Isaac (Nedarim 31a). Likewise, wherever לִי, לוֹ, לך‏ָ and לָהֶם are used in conjunction with a form of the verb “speaking” (דִּבּוּר) they are used in the sense of “concerning.” This [verse] proves it, because heretofore, He had not spoken to Jacob.		דִּבַּרְתִּי לָֽךְ: לְצָרְכְּךָ וְעָלֶיךָ; מַה שֶּׁהִבְטַחְתִּי לְאַבְרָהָם עַל זַרְעוֹ, לְךָ הִבְטַחְתִּיו וְלֹא לְעֵשָׂו, שֶׁלֹּא אָמַרְתִּי לוֹ כִּי יִצְחָק יִקָּרֵא לְךָ זָרַע אֶלָּא כִּי בְיִצְחָק, וְלֹא כָּל יִצְחָק, וְכֵן כָּל לִי וּלְךָ וְלוֹ וְלָהֶם הַסְּמוּכִים אֵצֶל דִּבּוּר מְשַׁמְּשִׁים לְשוֹן עַל, וְזֶה יוֹכִיחַ, שֶׁהֲרֵי עִם יַעֲקֹב לֹא דִבֵּר קֹדֶם לָכֵן:
16And Jacob awakened from his sleep, and he said, "Indeed, the Lord is in this place, and I did not know [it]."		טזוַיִּיקַ֣ץ יַֽעֲקֹב֘ מִשְּׁנָתוֹ֒ וַיֹּ֗אמֶר אָכֵן֙ יֵ֣שׁ יְהֹוָ֔ה בַּמָּק֖וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה וְאָֽנֹכִ֖י לֹ֥א יָדָֽעְתִּי:
and I did not know [it]: For had I known, I would not have slept in such a holy place. [from Bereishith Rabbathi, attributed to Rabbi Moshe Hadarshan]		וְאָֽנֹכִי לֹא יָדָֽעְתִּי: שֶׁאִם יָדַעְתִּי, לֹא יָשַׁנְתִּי בְּמָקוֹם קָדוֹשׁ כָּזֶה:
17And he was frightened, and he said, "How awesome is this place! This is none other than the house of God, and this is the gate of heaven."		יזוַיִּירָא֙ וַיֹּאמַ֔ר מַה־נּוֹרָ֖א הַמָּק֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה אֵ֣ין זֶ֗ה כִּ֚י אִם־בֵּ֣ית אֱלֹהִ֔ים וְזֶ֖ה שַׁ֥עַר הַשָּׁמָֽיִם:
than the house of God: Said Rabbi Eleazar in the name of Rabbi Jose ben Zimra: This ladder stood in Beer-sheba and the middle of its incline reached opposite the Temple, for Beer-sheba is situated in the south of Judah, and Jerusalem [is situated] in its north, on the boundary between Judah and Benjamin, and Beth-el was in the north of the territory of Benjamin, on the boundary between Benjamin and the sons of Joseph. Consequently, a ladder whose foot is in Beer-sheba and whose top is in Beth-el-the middle of its slant is opposite Jerusalem. This accords with what our Sages said, that the Holy One, blessed be He, said, “This righteous man has come to My lodging place [i.e., the Temple Mount]. Shall he leave without lodging?” And furthermore, they said: Jacob called Jerusalem Beth-el. But this place [which he called Beth-el] was Luz, and not Jerusalem. So, from where did they learn to say this? [i.e., that Luz was Jerusalem.] I believe that Mount Moriah was uprooted from its place, and it came here, [to Luz, i.e., at that time, Luz, Jerusalem and Beth-el were all in the same place], and this is the “springing of the earth” mentioned in Tractate Chullin, i.e., that the [site of the] Temple came towards him until Beth-el. This is the meaning of ויפגע במקום “And he met the place.” Now if you ask, “When Jacob passed by the Temple, why did He not detain him there?” [The answer is:] If he did not put his mind to pray in the place where his forefathers had prayed, should they detain him from heaven? He went as far as Haran, as it is stated in the chapter entitled, “Gid HaNasheh” (Hullin 91b), and the text, “and he went to Haran” (verse 10) supports this. When he arrived in Haran, he said, “Is it possible that I have passed the place where my forefathers prayed, and I did not pray there?” He decided to return, and he went back as far as Beth-El, and the earth “sprang toward him.” [This Beth-El is not the one near Ai, but the one near Jerusalem, and because it was the city of God, he called it Beth-El, the house of God, and that is Mount Moriah where Abraham prayed, and that is the field where Isaac prayed, and so did they say in Sotah (sic.) (Pes.88a) [concerning the verse] (Micah 4:2): “Come, let us go up to the Mount of the Lord, to the House of God of Jacob.” [It is] not [called] as did Abraham, who called it a mountain, and not as did Isaac, who called it a field, but as did Jacob, who called it the House of God. An exact edition of Rashi.		כִּי אִם־בֵּית אֱלֹהִים: אָמַר רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר בְּשֵׁם רַבִּי יוֹסֵי בֶּן זִמְרָא, הַסֻּלָּם הַזֶּה עוֹמֵד בִּבְאֵר שֶׁבַע וְאֶמְצַע שִׁפּוּעוֹ מַגִּיעַ כְּנֶגֶד בֵּית הַמִּקְדָשׁ, שֶׁבְּאֵר שֶׁבַע עוֹמֵד בִּדְרוֹמָהּ שֶׁל יְהוּדָה, וִירוּשָׁלַיִם בִּצְפוֹנָהּ, בַּגְּבוּל שֶׁבֵּין יְהוּדָה וּבִנְיָמִין, וּבֵית אֵל הָיָה בַּצָּפוֹן שֶׁל נַחֲלַת בִּנְיָמִין, בַּגְּבוּל שֶׁבֵּין בִּנְיָמִין וּבֵין בְּנֵי יוֹסֵף; נִמְצָא סֻלָּם שֶׁרַגְלָיו בִּבְאֵר שֶׁבַע וְרֹאשׁוֹ בְּבֵית אֵל מַגִּיעַ אֶמְצַע שִׁפּוּעוֹ נֶגֶד יְרוּשָׁלַיִם; וּכְלַפֵּי שֶׁאָמְרוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ שֶׁאָמַר הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא צַדִּיק זֶה בָּא לְבֵית מְלוֹנִי וְיִפָּטֵר בְּלֹא לִינָה, וְאָמְרוּ יַעֲקֹב קְרָאָהּ לִירוּשָׁלַיִם בֵּית אֵל וְזוֹ לוּז הִיא וְלֹא יְרוּשָׁלַיִם, וּמֵהֵיכָן לָמְדוּ לוֹמַר כֵּן? אֲנִי אוֹמֵר שֶׁנֶּעֱקַר הַר הַמּוֹרִיָה וּבָא לְכָאן, וְזוֹ הִיא קְפִיצַת הָאָרֶץ הָאֲמוּרָה בִּשְׁחִיטַת חֻלִּין, שֶׁבָּא בֵּית הַמִּקְדָשׁ לִקְרָאתוֹ עַד בֵּית אֵל, וְזֶהוּ וַיִּפְגַּע בַּמָּקוֹם. וְאִם תֹּאמַר כְּשֶׁעָבַר יַעֲקֹב עַל בֵּית הַמִּקְדָשׁ, מַדּוּעַ לֹא עִכְּבוֹ שָׁם? אִיהוּ לָא יְהַב לִבֵּיהּ לְהִתְפַּלֵּל בַּמָּקוֹם שֶׁהִתְפַּלְּלוּ אֲבוֹתָיו, וּמִן הַשָּׁמַיִם יְעַכְּבוּהוּ? אִיהוּ עַד חָרָן אֲזַל, כִּדְאָמְרִינַן בְּפֶרֶק גִּיד הַנָּשֶׁה; וּקְרָא מוֹכִיחַ וַיֵּלֶךְ חָרָנָה; כִּי מְטָא לְחָרָן אָמַר, אֶפְשָׁר שֶׁעָבַרְתִּי עַל מָקוֹם שֶׁהִתְפַּלְּלוּ אֲבוֹתַי וְלֹא הִתְפַּלַּלְתִּי בּוֹ? יְהַב דַּעְתֵּיהּ לְמֶהֱדַר וְחָזַר עַד בֵּית אֵל וְקָפְצָה לוֹ הָאָרֶץ. הַאי בֵּית אֵל לֹא הַסָּמוּךְ לָעַי אֶלָּא לִירוּשָׁלַיִם, וְעַל שֵׁם יִהְיֶה בֵּית אֱלֹהִים קְרָאוֹ בֵּית אֵל, וְהוּא הַר הַמּוֹרִיָה שֶׁהִתְפַּלֵּל בּוֹ אַבְרָהָם, וְהוּא שָׂדֶה שֶׁהִתְפַּלֵּל בּוֹ יִצְחָק, כְּדִכְתִיב לָשׂוּחַ בַּשָּׂדֶה; דְּהָכִי אָמְרִינַן בִּפְסָחִים "אֶל הַר ד' וְאֶל בֵּית אֱלֹהֵי יַעֲקֹב" – מַאי שְׁנָא יַעֲקֹב? אֶלָּא לֹא כְּאַבְרָהָם שֶׁקְּרָאוֹ הַר, דִּכְתִיב בְּהַר ד' יֵרָאֶה, וְלֹא כְּיִצְחָק שֶׁקְּרָאוֹ שָׂדֶה, דִּכְתִיב לָשׂוּחַ בַּשָּׂדֶה, אֶלָּא כְּיַעֲקֹב שֶׁקְּרָאוֹ בַּיִת (עַד כָּאן פֵּרַשִׁ"י מְדֻיָּק):
How awesome: The Targum renders: How awesome (דְּחִילוּ) is this place! דְּחִילוּ is a noun, as in (Targum Exodus 31:3): “understanding” סוּכְלָתָנוּ; (below verse 20): “a garment (וּכְסוּ) to wear.”		מַה־נּוֹרָא: תַּרְגּוּם מַה דְּחִילוּ אַתְרָא הָדֵין, דְּחִילוּ שֵׁם דָּבָר הוּא, כְּמוֹ סוּכְלְתָנוּ וּכְסוּ לְמִלְבָּשׁ:
and this is the gate of heaven: A place of prayer, where their prayers ascend to heaven (Pirkei d’Rabbi Eliezer , ch. 35). And its midrashic interpretation is that the Heavenly Temple is directed exactly towards the earthly Temple. [From Gen. Rabbah 69:7]		וְזֶה שַׁעַר הַשָּׁמָֽיִם: מְקוֹם תְּפִלָּה לַעֲלוֹת תְּפִלָּתָם הַשָּׁמַיְמָה. וּמִדְרָשׁוֹ, שֶׁבֵּית הַמִּקְדָשׁ שֶׁל מַעְלָה מְכֻוָּן כְּנֶגֶד בֵּית הַמִּקְדָשׁ שֶׁל מַטָּה:
18And Jacob arose early in the morning, and he took the stone that he had placed at his head, and he set it up as a monument, and he poured oil on top of it.		יחוַיַּשְׁכֵּ֨ם יַֽעֲקֹ֜ב בַּבֹּ֗קֶר וַיִּקַּ֤ח אֶת־הָאֶ֨בֶן֙ אֲשֶׁר־שָׂ֣ם מְרַֽאֲשֹׁתָ֔יו וַיָּ֥שֶׂם אֹתָ֖הּ מַצֵּבָ֑ה וַיִּצֹ֥ק שֶׁ֖מֶן עַל־רֹאשָֽׁהּ:
19And he named the place Beth El, but Luz was originally the name of the city.		יטוַיִּקְרָ֛א אֶת־שֵֽׁם־הַמָּק֥וֹם הַה֖וּא בֵּֽית־אֵ֑ל וְאוּלָ֛ם ל֥וּז שֵֽׁם־הָעִ֖יר לָרִֽאשֹׁנָֽה:
20And Jacob uttered a vow, saying, "If God will be with me, and He will guard me on this way, upon which I am going, and He will give me bread to eat and a garment to wear;		כוַיִּדַּ֥ר יַֽעֲקֹ֖ב נֶ֣דֶר לֵאמֹ֑ר אִם־יִֽהְיֶ֨ה אֱלֹהִ֜ים עִמָּדִ֗י וּשְׁמָרַ֨נִי֙ בַּדֶּ֤רֶךְ הַזֶּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אָֽנֹכִ֣י הוֹלֵ֔ךְ וְנָֽתַן־לִ֥י לֶ֛חֶם לֶֽאֱכֹ֖ל וּבֶ֥גֶד לִלְבֹּֽשׁ:
If God will be with me: If He keeps these promises that he promised me to be with me, as He said to me, “And behold, I am with you.” [from Gen. Rabbah 70:4]		אִם־יִֽהְיֶה אֱלֹהִים עִמָּדִי: אִם יִשְׁמֹר לִי הַבְטָחוֹת הַלָּלוּ שֶׁהִבְטִיחַנִי לִהְיוֹת עִמָּדִי, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמַר לִי וְהִנֵּה אָנֹכִי עִמָּךְ:
and He will guard me: As He said to me, “and I will guard you wherever you go.”		וּשְׁמָרַנִי: כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמַר לִי וּשְׁמַרְתִּיךָ בְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר תֵּלֵךְ:
and He will give me bread to eat: As He said, “for I will not forsake you,” for if one must seek bread, he is called “forsaken,” as it is said, (Ps. 37:25): “and I have not seen a righteous man forsaken and his seed seeking bread.” [from Gen. Rabbah 69:6]		וְנָֽתַן־לִי לֶחֶם לֶֽאֱכֹל: כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמַר כִּי לֹא אֶעֱזָבְךָ, וְהַמְבַקֵּשׁ לֶחֶם הוּא קָרוּי נֶעֱזָב, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר וְלֹא רָאִיתִי צַדִּיק נֶעֱזָב וְזַרְעוֹ מְבַקֶּשׁ לָחֶם (תהילים ל"ז):
21And if I return in peace to my father's house, and the Lord will be my God;		כאוְשַׁבְתִּ֥י בְשָׁל֖וֹם אֶל־בֵּ֣ית אָבִ֑י וְהָיָ֧ה יְהֹוָ֛ה לִ֖י לֵֽאלֹהִֽים:
And if I return: As He said to me, “and I will restore you to this land.”		וְשַׁבְתִּי: כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמַר לִי וַהֲשִׁבֹתִיךָ אֶל הָאֲדָמָה:
in peace: Perfect from sin, that I will not learn from the ways of Laban.		בְשָׁלוֹם: שָׁלֵם מִן הַחֵטְא, שֶׁלֹּא אֶלְמַד מִדַּרְכֵי לָבָן:
and the Lord will be my God: that His name will rest upon me from beginning to end, that no disqualification should be found among my seed, as it is written: “[I will do] that which I have spoken concerning you.” And this promise He promised to Abraham, as it is said (17: 7): “to be a God to you and to your seed after you.” (“Your seed” [means that they should be] of pure lineage, that no disqualification should be found in him.) [from Sifrei Va-etchanan 31]		וְהָיָה ה' לִי לֵֽאלֹהִֽים: שֶׁיָּחוּל שְׁמוֹ עָלַי מִתְּחִלָּה וְעַד סוֹף, שֶׁלֹּא יִמָּצֵא פְּסוּל בְּזַרְעִי, כְּמוֹ שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר אֲשֶׁר דִּבַּרְתִּי לָךְ; וְהַבְטָחָה זוֹ הִבְטִיחַ לְאַבְרָהָם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר לִהְיוֹת לְךָ לֵאלֹהִים וּלְזַרְעֲךָ אַחֲרֶיךָ (בראשית י״ז:ז׳):
22Then this stone, which I have placed as a monument, shall be a house of God, and everything that You give me, I will surely tithe to You.		כבוְהָאֶ֣בֶן הַזֹּ֗את אֲשֶׁר־שַׂ֨מְתִּי֙ מַצֵּבָ֔ה יִֽהְיֶ֖ה בֵּ֣ית אֱלֹהִ֑ים וְכֹל֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תִּתֶּן־לִ֔י עַשֵּׂ֖ר אֲעַשְּׂרֶ֥נּוּ לָֽךְ:
Then this stone: Heb. וְהָאֶבֶן הַזֹּאת, lit., and this stone. This “vav” of וְהָאֶבֶן is to be explained as follows: If You will do these things for me, I too will do this:		וְהָאֶבֶן הַזֹּאת: כָּךְ תְּפָרֵשׁ וָי"ו זוֹ שֶׁל וְהָאֶבֶן: אִם תַּעֲשֶׂה לִי אֶת אֵלֶּה, אֲנִי אֶעֱשֶׂה זֹאת:
Then this stone, which I have placed as a monument, etc.: “And this stone, which I have placed as a monument, etc.” As the Targum paraphrases: “I will worship upon it before the Lord.” And so he did when he returned from Padan-aram, when He said to him, (35:1): “Arise, go up to Beth-el.” What is stated there? (ibid. verse 14): “And Jacob erected a monument, etc., and he poured a libation upon it.” [from Mishnath Rabbi Eliezer, ch. 14]		וְהָאֶבֶן הַזֹּאת אֲשֶׁר־שַׂמְתִּי מַצֵּבָה וגו': כְּתַרְגּוּמוֹ אֱהִי פָלַח עֲלָהּ קֳדָם ה', וְכֵן עָשָׂה בְשׁוּבוֹ מִפַּדַּן אֲרָם; כְּשֶׁאָמַר לוֹ קוּם עֲלֵה בֵית אֵל (שם ל"ה י"ד) מַה נֶּאֱמַר שָׁם? וַיַּצֵּב יַעֲקֹב מַצֵּבָה וַיַּסֵּךְ עָלֶיהָ נֶסֶךְ:

Second Portion

Bereshit (Genesis) Chapter 29

1Now Jacob lifted his feet and went to the land of the people of the East.		אוַיִּשָּׂ֥א יַֽעֲקֹ֖ב רַגְלָ֑יו וַיֵּ֖לֶךְ אַ֥רְצָה בְנֵי־קֶֽדֶם:
Now Jacob lifted his feet: As soon as he was given the good tidings that he was assured protection, his heart lifted his feet, and he became fleet-footed. So it is explained in Gen. Rabbah (70:8).		וַיִּשָּׂא יַֽעֲקֹב רַגְלָיו: מִשֶּׁנִּתְבַּשֵּׂר בְּשׂוֹרָה טוֹבָה שֶׁהֻבְטַח בִּשְׁמִירָה נָשָׂא לִבּוֹ אֶת רַגְלָיו וְנַעֲשָׂה קַל לָלֶכֶת, כָּךְ מְפֹרָשׁ בּבְּרֵאשִׁית רַבָּה:
2And he looked, and behold! a well in the field, and behold! three flocks of sheep lying beside it, because from that well they would water the flocks, and a huge rock was upon the mouth of the well.		בוַיַּ֞רְא וְהִנֵּ֧ה בְאֵ֣ר בַּשָּׂדֶ֗ה וְהִנֵּה־שָׁ֞ם שְׁלשָׁ֤ה עֶדְרֵי־צֹאן֙ רֹֽבְצִ֣ים עָלֶ֔יהָ כִּ֚י מִן־הַבְּאֵ֣ר הַהִ֔וא יַשְׁק֖וּ הָֽעֲדָרִ֑ים וְהָאֶ֥בֶן גְּדֹלָ֖ה עַל־פִּ֥י הַבְּאֵֽר:
they would water the flocks: The shepherds would water the flocks. The verse is elliptical.		יַשְׁקוּ הָֽעֲדָרִים: מַשְׁקִים הָרוֹעִים אֶת הָעֲדָרִים, וְהַמִּקְרָא דִבֵּר בְּלָשׁוֹן קְצָרָה:
3And all the flocks would gather there, and they would roll the rock off the mouth of the well and water the sheep, and [then] they would return the rock onto the mouth of the well, to its place.		גוְנֶֽאֶסְפוּ־שָׁ֣מָּה כָל־הָֽעֲדָרִ֗ים וְגָֽלֲל֤וּ אֶת־הָאֶ֨בֶן֙ מֵעַל֙ פִּ֣י הַבְּאֵ֔ר וְהִשְׁק֖וּ אֶת־הַצֹּ֑אן וְהֵשִׁ֧יבוּ אֶת־הָאֶ֛בֶן עַל־פִּ֥י הַבְּאֵ֖ר לִמְקֹמָֽהּ:
would gather there: They were accustomed to gather because the rock was huge.		וְנֶֽאֶסְפוּ־: רְגִילִים הָיוּ לְהֵאָסֵף, לְפִי שֶׁהָיְתָה הָאֶבֶן גְּדוֹלָה:
and they would roll: Heb. וְגָלְלוּ [like] וְגוֹלְלִין. The Targum renders: וּמְגַנְדְרִין, and they would roll. Every present tense [i.e. every verb expressing continuous action] changes to speak [sometimes] in the future tense and [sometimes] in the past tense, because everything that occurs constantly has already transpired and is destined to transpire [again].		וְגָֽלֲלוּ: וְגוֹלְלִים, וְתַרְגּוּמוֹ וּמְגַנְדְּרִין, כָּל לְשׁוֹן הוֹוֶה מִשְׁתַּנֶּה לְדַבֵּר בִּלְשׁוֹן עָתִיד וּבִלְשׁוֹן עָבָר, לְפִי שֶׁכָּל דָּבָר הַהוֹוֶה תָּמִיד כְּבָר הָיָה וְעָתִיד לִהְיוֹת:
and [then] they would return: Heb. וְהֵשִׁיבוּ, which the Targum renders: וּמְתִיבִין, and they would return.		וְהֵשִׁיבוּ: תַּרְגּוּמוֹ וּמְתִיבִין:
4And Jacob said to them, "My brothers, where are you from?" And they said, "We are from Haran."		דוַיֹּ֤אמֶר לָהֶם֙ יַֽעֲקֹ֔ב אַחַ֖י מֵאַ֣יִן אַתֶּ֑ם וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ מֵֽחָרָ֖ן אֲנָֽחְנוּ:
5And he said to them, "Do you know Laban the son of Nahor?" And they said, "We know [him]."		הוַיֹּ֣אמֶר לָהֶ֔ם הַיְדַעְתֶּ֖ם אֶת־לָבָ֣ן בֶּן־נָח֑וֹר וַיֹּֽאמְר֖וּ יָדָֽעְנוּ:
6And he said to them, "[Are things going] well with him?" And they said, "[Things are going] well, and behold, his daughter Rachel is coming with the sheep."		ווַיֹּ֥אמֶר לָהֶ֖ם הֲשָׁל֣וֹם ל֑וֹ וַיֹּֽאמְר֣וּ שָׁל֔וֹם וְהִנֵּה֙ רָחֵ֣ל בִּתּ֔וֹ בָּאָ֖ה עִם־הַצֹּֽאן:
is coming with the sheep: Heb. בָּאָה. The accent is on the “aleph,” and the Targum renders אַתְיָא. [In verse 9,] “and Rachel came בָּאָה,” the accent is on the first syllable, on the “beth,” and the Targum renders. The former is in the present tense, whereas the latter is in the past tense.		בָּאָה עִם־הַצֹּֽאן: הַטַּעַם בָּאָלֶ"ף וְתַרְגּוּמוֹ אָתְיָא; וְרָחֵל בָּאָה – הַטַּעַם לְמַעְלָה בַּבֵּי"ת וְתַרְגּוּמוֹ אֲתָת; הָרִאשׁוֹן לְשׁוֹן עוֹשָׂה וְהַשֵּׁנִי לְשׁוֹן עָשְׂתָה:
7And he said, "The day is yet long; it is not the time to take in the livestock. Water the sheep and go, pasture."		זוַיֹּ֗אמֶר הֵ֥ן עוֹד֙ הַיּ֣וֹם גָּד֔וֹל לֹא־עֵ֖ת הֵֽאָסֵ֣ף הַמִּקְנֶ֑ה הַשְׁק֥וּ הַצֹּ֖אן וּלְכ֥וּ רְעֽוּ:
The day is yet long: Since he saw them lying down, he thought that they wished to gather the livestock to return home and that they would no longer graze. So he said to them, “The day is yet long,” i.e., if you have been hired for the day, you have not completed the day’s work, and if the animals are yours, it is, nevertheless, not the time to take in the livestock, etc. (Gen. Rabbah 70:11).		הֵן עוֹד הַיּוֹם גָּדוֹל: לְפִי שֶׁרָאָה אוֹתָם רוֹבְצִים, כַּסָּבוּר שֶׁרוֹצִים לֶאֱסֹף הַמִּקְנֶה הַבַּיְתָה וְלֹא יִרְעוּ עוֹד, אָמַר לָהֶן הֵן עוֹד הַיּוֹם גָּדוֹל, כְּלוֹמַר אִם שְׂכִירִים אַתֶּם לֹא שִׁלַּמְתֶּם פְּעֻלַּת הַיּוֹם, וְאִם הַבְּהֵמוֹת שֶׁלָּכֶם אַף עַל פִּי כֵן לֹא עֵת הֵאָסֵף הַמִּקְנֶה וְגו' (בראשית רבה):
8And they said, "We cannot [do that], until all the flocks are gathered together, and they will roll the rock off the mouth of the well, and we shall [then] water the sheep."		חוַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֘ לֹ֣א נוּכַל֒ עַ֣ד אֲשֶׁ֤ר יֵאָֽסְפוּ֙ כָּל־הָ֣עֲדָרִ֔ים וְגָֽלֲלוּ֙ אֶת־הָאֶ֔בֶן מֵעַ֖ל פִּ֣י הַבְּאֵ֑ר וְהִשְׁקִ֖ינוּ הַצֹּֽאן:
We cannot: water [them] because the stone is huge.		לֹא נוּכַל: לְהַשְׁקוֹת, לְפִי שֶׁהָאֶבֶן גְּדוֹלָה:
and they will roll: Heb. וְגָלְלוּ. This is translated וִיגַנְדְרוּן, and they will roll, because it is the future tense.		וְגָֽלֲלוּ: זֶה מְתֻרְגָּם וִיגַנְדְּרוּן, לְפִי שֶׁהוּא לְשׁוֹן עָתִיד:
9While he was still talking with them, Rachel came with her father's sheep, for she was a shepherdess.		טעוֹדֶ֖נּוּ מְדַבֵּ֣ר עִמָּ֑ם וְרָחֵ֣ל \| בָּ֗אָה עִם־הַצֹּאן֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לְאָבִ֔יהָ כִּ֥י רֹעָ֖ה הִֽוא:
10And it came to pass, when Jacob saw Rachel, the daughter of Laban, his mother's brother and the sheep of Laban, his mother's brother, that Jacob drew near and rolled the rock off the mouth of the well, and he watered the sheep of Laban, his mother's brother.		יוַיְהִ֡י כַּֽאֲשֶׁר֩ רָאָ֨ה יַֽעֲקֹ֜ב אֶת־רָחֵ֗ל בַּת־לָבָן֙ אֲחִ֣י אִמּ֔וֹ וְאֶת־צֹ֥אן לָבָ֖ן אֲחִ֣י אִמּ֑וֹ וַיִּגַּ֣שׁ יַֽעֲקֹ֗ב וַיָּ֤גֶל אֶת־הָאֶ֨בֶן֙ מֵעַל֙ פִּ֣י הַבְּאֵ֔ר וַיַּ֕שְׁקְ אֶת־צֹ֥אן לָבָ֖ן אֲחִ֥י אִמּֽוֹ:
that Jacob drew near and rolled: As one who removes the stopper from a bottle, to let you know that he possessed great strength (Gen. Rabbah 70:12).		וַיִּגַּשׁ יַֽעֲקֹב וַיָּגֶל: כְּמִי שֶׁמַּעֲבִיר אֶת הַפְּקָק מֵעַל פִּי צְלוֹחִית; לְהוֹדִיעֲךָ שֶׁכֹּחוֹ גָּדוֹל (בראשית רבה):
11And Jacob kissed Rachel, and he raised his voice and wept.		יאוַיִּשַּׁ֥ק יַֽעֲקֹ֖ב לְרָחֵ֑ל וַיִּשָּׂ֥א אֶת־קֹל֖וֹ וַיֵּֽבְךְּ:
and wept: Since he foresaw with the holy spirit that she (Rachel) would not enter the grave with him. Another explanation: Since he came empty-handed, he said, “Eliezer, my grandfather’s servant, had nose rings, and bracelets and sweet fruits in his possession, and I am coming with nothing in my hands. [He had nothing] because Eliphaz the son of Esau had pursued him to kill him at his father’s orders; he (Eliphaz) overtook him, but since he had grown up in Isaac’s lap, he held back his hand. He said to him (Jacob), ”What shall I do about my father’s orders?“ Jacob replied,”Take what I have, for a poor man is counted as dead." - [from Bereishit Rabbathi by Rabbi Moshe Hadarshan]		וַיֵּֽבְךְּ: לְפִי שֶׁצָּפָה בְרוּח הַקֹּדֶש שֶאֵינָהּ נִכְנֶסֶת עִמּוֹ לִקְבוּרָה. דָּבָר אַחֵר לְפִי שֶׁבָּא בְּיָדַיִם רֵקָנִיּוֹת; אָמַר, אֱלִיעֶזֶר עֶבֶד אֲבִי אַבָּא הָיוּ בְיָדָיו נְזָמִים וּצְמִידִים וּמִגְדָּנוֹת וַאֲנִי אֵין בְּיָדִי כְלוּם; לְפִי שֶׁרָדַף אֶלִיפַז בֶּן עֵשָׂו בְּמִצְוַת אָבִיו אַחֲרָיו לְהָרְגוֹ וְהִשִּׂיגוֹ, וּלְפִי שֶׁגָּדַל אֶלִיפַז בְּחֵיקוֹ שֶׁל יִצְחָק, מָשַׁךְ יָדָיו. אָמַר לוֹ מָה אֱעֱשֶׂה לַצִּוּוּי שֶׁל אַבָּא? אָמַר לוֹ יַעֲקֹב טֹל מַה שֶּׁבְּיָדִי, וְהֶעָנִי חָשׁוּב כַּמֵּת:
12And Jacob told Rachel that he was her father's kinsman and that he was Rebecca's son, and she ran and told her father.		יבוַיַּגֵּ֨ד יַֽעֲקֹ֜ב לְרָחֵ֗ל כִּ֣י אֲחִ֤י אָבִ֨יהָ֙ ה֔וּא וְכִ֥י בֶן־רִבְקָ֖ה ה֑וּא וַתָּ֖רָץ וַתַּגֵּ֥ד לְאָבִֽיהָ:
that he was her father’s kinsman: Heb. אִחִי אָבִיהָ, lit., her father’s brother. Related to her father, as (above 13:8): “we are kinsmen (אַחִים)” (Pirkei d’Rabbi Eliezer, ch. 36). Its midrashic interpretation is: If he (Laban) comes to deceive me, I, too, am his brother in deception, and if he is an honest man, I, too, am the son of his honest sister Rebecca. [from Gen. Rabbah 70:13]		כִּי אֲחִי אָבִיהָ הוּא: קָרוֹב לְאָבִיהָ, כְּמוֹ אֲנָשִׁים אַחִים אֲנָחְנוּ. וּמִדְרָשׁוֹ, אִם לְרַמָּאוּת הוּא בָא, גַם אֲנִי אָחִיו בְּרַמָּאוּת, וְאִם אָדָם כָּשֵׁר הוּא, גַּם אֲנִי בֶן רִבְקָה אֲחוֹתוֹ הַכְּשֵׁרָה:
and told her father: Since her mother was dead, she had no one to tell but him.[from Gen. Rabbah 70:13]		וַתַּגֵּד לְאָבִֽיהָ: לְפִי שֶׁאִמָּהּ מֵתָה, וְלֹא הָיָה לָהּ לְהַגִּיד אֶלָּא לוֹ (בראשית רבה):
13Now it came to pass when Laban heard the report of Jacob, his sister's son, that he ran towards him, and he embraced him, and he kissed him, and he brought him into his house. He told Laban all these happenings.		יגוַיְהִי֩ כִשְׁמֹ֨עַ לָבָ֜ן אֶת־שֵׁ֣מַע \| יַֽעֲקֹ֣ב בֶּן־אֲחֹת֗וֹ וַיָּ֤רָץ לִקְרָאתוֹ֙ וַיְחַבֶּק־לוֹ֙ וַיְנַשֶּׁק־ל֔וֹ וַיְבִיאֵ֖הוּ אֶל־בֵּית֑וֹ וַיְסַפֵּ֣ר לְלָבָ֔ן אֵ֥ת כָּל־הַדְּבָרִ֖ים הָאֵֽלֶּה:
that he ran towards him: He thought that he (Jacob) was laden with money, for the servant of the household (Eliezer) had come here with ten laden camels.[from Gen. Rabbah 70:13]		וַיָּרָץ לִקְרָאתוֹ: כַּסָּבוּר מָמוֹן הוּא טָעוּן, שֶׁהֲרֵי עֶבֶד הַבַּית בָּא לְכָאן בַּעֲשָׂרָה גְמַלִּים טְעוּנִים:
and he embraced: When he (Laban) did not see anything with him (Jacob), he said, “Perhaps he has brought golden coins, and they are in his bosom.” [from Gen. Rabbah 70:13]		וַיְחַבֶּק־: כְּשֶׁלֹּא רָאָה עִמּוֹ כְלוּם, אָמַר שֶׁמָּא זְהוּבִים הֵבִיא וְהִנָּם בְּחֵיקוֹ:
and he kissed him: He said, “Perhaps he has brought pearls, and they are in his mouth.” [from Gen. Rabbah 70:13]		וַיְנַשֶּׁק־לוֹ: אָמַר שֶׁמָּא מַרְגָּלִיוֹת הֵבִיא וְהֵם בְּפִיו, בּרֵאשִׁית רַבָּה:
He told Laban: that he had come only because he was compelled to do so because of his brother (Esau), and that they had taken his money from him. — [from Gen. Rabbah 70:13]		וַיְסַפֵּר לְלָבָן: שֶׁלֹּא בָא אֶלָּא מִתּוֹך אֹנֶס אָחִיו, וְשֶׁנָּטְלוּ מָמוֹנוֹ מִמֶּנּוּ:
14And Laban said to him, "Indeed, you are my bone and my flesh." And so he stayed with him a full month.		ידוַיֹּ֤אמֶר לוֹ֙ לָבָ֔ן אַ֛ךְ עַצְמִ֥י וּבְשָׂרִ֖י אָ֑תָּה וַיֵּ֥שֶׁב עִמּ֖וֹ חֹ֥דֶשׁ יָמִֽים:
Indeed, you are my bone and my flesh: “In view of this, I have no reason to take you into the house, because you have nothing. Because of kinship, however, I will put up with you for a month’s time.” And so he did, but this too was not gratis, for he (Jacob) pastured his sheep. — [from Gen. Rabbah 70:14]		אַךְ עַצְמִי וּבְשָׂרִי: מֵעַתָּה אֵין לִי לְאָסְפְּךָ הַבַּיְתָה, הוֹאִיל וְאֵין בְּיָדְךָ כְלוּם, אֶלָּא מִפְּנֵי קוּרְבָה אֲטַפֵּל בְּךָ חֹדֶש יָמִים, וְכֵן עָשָׂה, וְאַף זוֹ לֹא לְחִנָּם, שֶׁהָיָה רוֹעֶה צֹאנוֹ:
15And Laban said to Jacob, "Because you are my kinsman, should you work for me gratis? Tell me what your wages shall be."		טווַיֹּ֤אמֶר לָבָן֙ לְיַֽעֲקֹ֔ב הֲכִֽי־אָחִ֣י אַ֔תָּה וַֽעֲבַדְתַּ֖נִי חִנָּ֑ם הַגִּ֥ידָה לִּ֖י מַה־מַּשְׂכֻּרְתֶּֽךָ:
Because you are my kinsman: Heb. הִכִי, an interrogative expression: Because you are my kinsman, should you work for me gratis?- [from Targum Onkelos]		הֲכִֽי־אָחִי אַתָּה: לְשׁוֹן תֵּמַהּ, וְכִי בִּשְׁבִיל שֶׁאָחִי אַתָּה תַּעַבְדֵנִי חִנָּם:
should you work for me: Heb. וַעִבַדְתַּנִי like וְתַעַבְדֵנִי, and likewise, any word that is in the past tense, [Scripture] prefixes to it a “vav,” which converts the word to the future tense.		וַֽעֲבַדְתַּנִי: כְּמוֹ וְתַעַבְדֵנִי; וְכֵן כָּל תֵּבָה שֶׁהִיא לְשׁוֹן עָבָר הוֹסִיף וָי"ו בְּרֹאשָׁהּ, וְהִיא הוֹפֶכֶת הַתֵּבָה לְהַבָּא:
16Now Laban had two daughters; the name of the elder was Leah, and the name of the younger was Rachel.		טזוּלְלָבָ֖ן שְׁתֵּ֣י בָנ֑וֹת שֵׁ֤ם הַגְּדֹלָה֙ לֵאָ֔ה וְשֵׁ֥ם הַקְּטַנָּ֖ה רָחֵֽל:
17Leah's eyes were tender, but Rachel had beautiful features and a beautiful complexion.		יזוְעֵינֵ֥י לֵאָ֖ה רַכּ֑וֹת וְרָחֵל֨ הָֽיְתָ֔ה יְפַת־תֹּ֖אַר וִיפַ֥ת מַרְאֶֽה:
tender: Because she expected to fall into Esau’s lot, and she wept, because everyone was saying, “Rebecca has two sons, and Laban has two daughters. The older [daughter] for the older [son], and the younger [daughter] for the younger [son]” (B.B. 123a).		רַכּוֹת: שֶׁהָיְתָה סְבוּרָה לַעֲלוֹת בְּגוֹרָלוֹ שֶׁל עֵשָׂו וּבוֹכָה, שֶׁהָיוּ הַכֹּל אוֹמְרִים שְׁנֵי בָנִים לְרִבְקָה וּשְׁתֵּי בָנוֹת לְלָבָן, הַגְּדוֹלָה לַגָּדוֹל וְהַקְּטַנָּה לַקָּטָן (בבא בתרא קכ"ג):
features: Heb. תֹּאַר. That is the form of the countenance, an expression similar to (Isa. 44: 13) “he fixes it (יְתָאִרֵהוּ) with planes (בַשֶׂרֶד),” conpas in Old French, outline, shape.		תֹּאַר: הוּא צוּרַת הַפַּרְצוּף, לְשׁוֹן יְתָאֲרֵהוּ בַשֶּׂרֶד: (ישעיהו מ"ד, י"ג), קונ"פאש בלע"ז:
complexion: That is the shine of the countenance.		מַרְאֶֽה: הוּא זִיו קְלַסְתֵּר:

Third Portion

Bereshit (Genesis) Chapter 29

18And Jacob loved Rachel, and he said, "I will work for you seven years for Rachel, your younger daughter."		יחוַיֶּֽאֱהַ֥ב יַֽעֲקֹ֖ב אֶת־רָחֵ֑ל וַיֹּ֗אמֶר אֶֽעֱבָדְךָ֙ שֶׁ֣בַע שָׁנִ֔ים בְּרָחֵ֥ל בִּתְּךָ֖ הַקְּטַנָּֽה:
I will work for you seven years: (Gen. Rabbah 67:10, 70:17) They are the few days of which his mother said, “And you shall dwell with him for a few days.” (27:44 above) You should know that this is so, because it is written: “and they appeared to him like a few days.” (verse 20)		אֶֽעֱבָדְךָ שֶׁבַע שָׁנִים: הֵם יָמִים אֲחָדִים שֶׁאָמְרָה לוֹ אִמּוֹ וְיָשַׁבְתָּ עִמּוֹ יָמִים אֲחָדִים (בראשית רבה); וְתֵדַע שֶׁכֵּן הוּא, שֶׁהֲרֵי כְתִיב וַיִּהְיוּ בְעֵינָיו כְּיָמִים אֲחָדִים (בראשית כ"ט):
for Rachel, your younger daughter: Why were all these signs necessary? Since he (Jacob) knew that he (Laban) was a deceiver, he said to him, “I will work for you for Rachel,” and lest you say [that I meant] another Rachel from the street, Scripture states: “Your daughter.” Now, lest you say, “I will change her name to Leah, and I will name her (Leah) Rachel,” Scripture states: “[your] younger [daughter].” Nevertheless, it did not avail him, for he (Laban) deceived him. — [from Gen. Rabbah 70:17]		בְּרָחֵל בִּתְּךָ הַקְּטַנָּֽה: כָּל הַסִּימָנִים הַלָּלוּ לָמָּה? לְפִי שֶׁהוּא יוֹדֵעַ בּוֹ שֶׁהוּא רַמַּאי, אָמַר לוֹ, אֶעֱבָדְךָ בְרָחֵל, וְשֶׁמָּא תֹּאמַר רָחֵל אֲחֶרֶת מִן הַשּׁוּק, תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר בִּתְּךָ, וְשֶׁמָּא תֹּאמַר אַחֲלִיף לְלֵאָה שְׁמָהּ וְאֶקְרָא שְׁמָהּ רָחֵל, תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר הַקְּטַנָּה; וְאַף עַל פִּי כֵן לֹא הוֹעִיל, שֶׁהֲרֵי רִמָּהוּ:
19And Laban said, "It is better that I give her to you than I should give her to another man. Stay with me."		יטוַיֹּ֣אמֶר לָבָ֗ן ט֚וֹב תִּתִּ֣י אֹתָ֣הּ לָ֔ךְ מִתִּתִּ֥י אֹתָ֖הּ לְאִ֣ישׁ אַחֵ֑ר שְׁבָ֖ה עִמָּדִֽי:
20So Jacob worked for Rachel seven years, but they appeared to him like a few days because of his love for her.		כוַיַּֽעֲבֹ֧ד יַֽעֲקֹ֛ב בְּרָחֵ֖ל שֶׁ֣בַע שָׁנִ֑ים וַיִּֽהְי֤וּ בְעֵינָיו֙ כְּיָמִ֣ים אֲחָדִ֔ים בְּאַֽהֲבָת֖וֹ אֹתָֽהּ:
21And Jacob said to Laban, "Give me my wife, for my days are completed, that I may come to her."		כאוַיֹּ֨אמֶר יַֽעֲקֹ֤ב אֶל־לָבָן֙ הָבָ֣ה אֶת־אִשְׁתִּ֔י כִּ֥י מָֽלְא֖וּ יָמָ֑י וְאָב֖וֹאָה אֵלֶֽיהָ:
for my days are completed: [The days] of which my mother told me. Moreover, my days are completed, for I am already eighty-four years old. When will I raise up twelve tribes? This is what he [meant when he] said, “that I may come to her.” Now, isn’t it true that even the most degenerate person would not say this? But he (Jacob) meant [that he intended] to beget generations. — [from Gen. Rabbah 70:18]		מָֽלְאוּ יָמָי: שֶׁאָמְרָה לִי אִמִּי, וְעוֹד מָלְאוּ יָמַי, שֶׁהֲרֵי אֲנִי בֶן פ"ד שָׁנָה וְאֵימָתַי אַעֲמִיד י"ב שְׁבָטִים? וְזֶהוּ שֶׁאָמַר וְאָבוֹאָה אֵלֶיהָ, וְהֲלֹא קַל שֶׁבַּקַּלִּים אֵינוֹ אוֹמֵר כֵּן? אֶלָּא לְהוֹלִיד תּוֹלָדוֹת אָמַר כֵּן:
22So Laban gathered all the people of the place, and he made a feast.		כבוַיֶּֽאֱסֹ֥ף לָבָ֛ן אֶת־כָּל־אַנְשֵׁ֥י הַמָּק֖וֹם וַיַּ֥עַשׂ מִשְׁתֶּֽה:
23And it came to pass in the evening that Laban took his daughter Leah, and he brought her to him, and he came to her.		כגוַיְהִ֣י בָעֶ֔רֶב וַיִּקַּח֙ אֶת־לֵאָ֣ה בִתּ֔וֹ וַיָּבֵ֥א אֹתָ֖הּ אֵלָ֑יו וַיָּבֹ֖א אֵלֶֽיהָ:
24And Laban gave Zilpah his maidservant to his daughter Leah as a maidservant.		כדוַיִּתֵּ֤ן לָבָן֙ לָ֔הּ אֶת־זִלְפָּ֖ה שִׁפְחָת֑וֹ לְלֵאָ֥ה בִתּ֖וֹ שִׁפְחָֽה:
25And it came to pass in the morning, and behold she was Leah! So he said to Laban, "What is this that you have done to me? Did I not work with you for Rachel? Why have you deceived me?"		כהוַיְהִ֣י בַבֹּ֔קֶר וְהִנֵּה־הִ֖וא לֵאָ֑ה וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֶל־לָבָ֗ן מַה־זֹּאת֙ עָשִׂ֣יתָ לִּ֔י הֲלֹ֤א בְרָחֵל֨ עָבַ֣דְתִּי עִמָּ֔ךְ וְלָ֖מָּה רִמִּיתָֽנִי:
And it came to pass in the morning, and behold she was Leah: But at night, she was not Leah, because Jacob had given signs to Rachel, but when she saw that they were bringing Leah, she (Rachel) said, “Now, my sister will be put to shame. So she readily transmitted those signs to her.” - [from Meg. 13b]		וַיְהִי בַבֹּקֶר וְהִנֵּה־היא לֵאָה: אֲבָל בַּלַּיְלָה לֹא הָיְתָה לֵאָה, לְפִי שֶׁמָּסַר יַעֲקֹב סִימָנִים לְרָחֵל, וּכְשֶׁרָאֲתָה רָחֵל שֶׁמַּכְנִיסִין לוֹ לֵאָה אָמְרָה: עַכְשָׁו תִּכָּלֵם אֲחוֹתִי, עָמְדָה וּמָסְרָה לָהּ אוֹתָן סִימָנִים (מגילה י"ג):
26And Laban said, "It is not done so in our place to give the younger one before the firstborn.		כווַיֹּ֣אמֶר לָבָ֔ן לֹא־יֵֽעָשֶׂ֥ה כֵ֖ן בִּמְקוֹמֵ֑נוּ לָתֵ֥ת הַצְּעִירָ֖ה לִפְנֵ֥י הַבְּכִירָֽה:
27Complete the [wedding] week of this one, and we will give you this one too, for the work that you will render me for another seven years."		כזמַלֵּ֖א שְׁבֻ֣עַ זֹ֑את וְנִתְּנָ֨ה לְךָ֜ גַּם־אֶת־זֹ֗את בַּֽעֲבֹדָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תַּֽעֲבֹ֣ד עִמָּדִ֔י ע֖וֹד שֶֽׁבַע־שָׁנִ֥ים אֲחֵרֽוֹת:
Complete the [wedding] week of this one: Heb. שְׁבֻעַ. This is the construct state, because it is vocalized with a chataf (a sheva), [and means] the week of this one, which are the seven days of feasting [celebrated by a newly wedded couple]. [This appears in the] Talmud Yerushalmi, Mo’ed Katan (1:7). It is impossible to say [that it means] really a week [in the absolute state and should be rendered: this week,] because, if so, the “shin” would have to be vowelized with a “patach,” (he means to say a “kamatz” שָׁבֻעַ). Furthermore, שָׁבֻעַ is in the masculine gender, for it is written: (Deut. 16:9) “You shall count seven weeks (שִׁבְעָה שָׁבֻעֹת).” Therefore, it does not signify a week but seven [days], septaine in Old French.		מַלֵּא שְׁבֻעַ זֹאת: דָּבוּק הוּא, שֶׁהֲרֵי נָקוּד בַּחֲטָף, שָׁבוּעַ שֶׁל זֹאת, וְהֵן שִׁבְעַת יְמֵי הַמִּשְׁתֶּה, בְּתַלְמוּד יְרוּשׁ' בְּמוֹעֵד קָטָן (וְאִי אֶפְשַָׁר לוֹמַר שָׁבוּעַ מַמָּשׁ, שֶׁאִם כֵּן הָיָה צָרִיךְ לְהִנָּקֵד בְּפַתָּח הַשִּׁי"ן; וְעוֹד שֶׁשָּׁבוּעַ לְשׁוֹן זָכָר, כְּדִכְתִיב שִׁבְעָה שָׁבֻעֹת תִּסְפָּר לָךְ, לְפִיכָךְ אֵין מַשְׁמַע שָׁבוּעַ אֶלָּא שִׁבְעָה, שטיי"נא בְּלַעַז):
and we will give to you: [This is] a plural expression, similar to (above 11;3, 7), “Let us descend and confuse;” “and let us fire them.” This, too, is an expression of giving.		וְנִתְּנָה לְךָ: לְשׁוֹן רַבִּים, כְּמוֹ נֵרְדָה וְנָבְלָה וְנִשְׂרְפָה (בראשית י"א), אַף זֶה לְשׁוֹן וְנִתֵּן:
this one too: immediately after the seven days of feasting, and you will work after her marriage. — [from Pirkei d’Rabbi Eliezer , ch. 36]		גַּם־אֶת־זֹאת: מִיָּד לְאַחַר שִׁבְעַת יְמֵי הַמִּשְׁתֶּה, וְתַעֲבֹד לְאַחַר נִשּׂוּאֶיהָ:
28And Jacob did so, and he completed the week of this one, and he gave his daughter Rachel to him as a wife.		כחוַיַּ֤עַשׂ יַֽעֲקֹב֙ כֵּ֔ן וַיְמַלֵּ֖א שְׁבֻ֣עַ זֹ֑את וַיִּתֶּן־ל֛וֹ אֶת־רָחֵ֥ל בִּתּ֖וֹ ל֥וֹ לְאִשָּֽׁה:
29And Laban gave his daughter Rachel his maidservant Bilhah, for a maidservant.		כטוַיִּתֵּ֤ן לָבָן֙ לְרָחֵ֣ל בִּתּ֔וֹ אֶת־בִּלְהָ֖ה שִׁפְחָת֑וֹ לָ֖הּ לְשִׁפְחָֽה:
30And he came also to Rachel, and he also loved Rachel more than Leah; and he worked with him yet another seven years.		לוַיָּבֹא֙ גַּ֣ם אֶל־רָחֵ֔ל וַיֶּֽאֱהַ֥ב גַּם־אֶת־רָחֵ֖ל מִלֵּאָ֑ה וַיַּֽעֲבֹ֣ד עִמּ֔וֹ ע֖וֹד שֶֽׁבַע־שָׁנִ֥ים אֲחֵרֽוֹת:
yet another seven years: (Gen. Rabbah 70:20) Scripture compares the other ones to the first ones. Just as [he worked for him during] the first ones faithfully, so [did he work for him during] the other ones faithfully, although he (Laban) had dealt with him deceitfully.		עוֹד שֶֽׁבַע־שָׁנִים אֲחֵרֽוֹת: אֲחֵרוֹת הִקִּישָׁן לָרִאשׁוֹנוֹת, מָה רִאשׁוֹנוֹת בֶּאֱמוּנָה אַף הָאַחֲרוֹנוֹת בֶּאֱמוּנָה, וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁבְּרַמָּאוּת בָּא עָלָיו (בראשית רבה):
31And the Lord saw that Leah was hated, so He opened her womb; but Rachel was barren.		לאוַיַּ֤רְא יְהֹוָה֙ כִּֽי־שְׂנוּאָ֣ה לֵאָ֔ה וַיִּפְתַּ֖ח אֶת־רַחְמָ֑הּ וְרָחֵ֖ל עֲקָרָֽה:
32And Leah conceived and bore a son, and she named him Reuben, for she said, "Because the Lord has seen my affliction, for now my husband will love me."		לבוַתַּ֤הַר לֵאָה֙ וַתֵּ֣לֶד בֵּ֔ן וַתִּקְרָ֥א שְׁמ֖וֹ רְאוּבֵ֑ן כִּ֣י אָֽמְרָ֗ה כִּֽי־רָאָ֤ה יְהֹוָה֙ בְּעָנְיִ֔י כִּ֥י עַתָּ֖ה יֶֽאֱהָבַ֥נִי אִישִֽׁי:
and she named him Reuben: (Ber. 7b) Our Sages explained: She said, “Look at the difference between my son and the son of my father-in-law, who sold the birthright to Jacob (above 25:33). This one (Reuben) did not sell it to Joseph, and he did not contend against him but even sought to take him out of the pit.”		וַתִּקְרָא שְׁמוֹ רְאוּבֵן: רַבּוֹתֵינוּ פֵּרְשׁוּ, אָמְרָה רְאוּ מַה בֵּין בְּנִי לְבֶן חָמִי שֶׁמָּכַר הַבְּכוֹרָה לְיַעֲקֹב, וְזֶה לֹא מְכָרָהּ לְיוֹסֵף וְלֹא עִרְעֵר עָלָיו, וְלֹא עוֹד שֶׁלֹּא עִרְעֵר עָלָיו אֶלָּא שֶׁבִּקֵּשׁ לְהוֹצִיאוֹ מִן הַבּוֹר) (ברכות ז'):
33And she conceived again and bore a son, and she said, "Since the Lord has heard that I am hated, He gave me this one too." So she named him Simeon.		לגוַתַּ֣הַר עוֹד֘ וַתֵּ֣לֶד בֵּן֒ וַתֹּ֗אמֶר כִּֽי־שָׁמַ֤ע יְהֹוָה֙ כִּֽי־שְׂנוּאָ֣ה אָנֹ֔כִי וַיִּתֶּן־לִ֖י גַּם־אֶת־זֶ֑ה וַתִּקְרָ֥א שְׁמ֖וֹ שִׁמְעֽוֹן:
34And she conceived again and bore a son, and she said, "Now this time my husband will be attached to me, for I have borne him three sons; therefore, He named him Levi.		לדוַתַּ֣הַר עוֹד֘ וַתֵּ֣לֶד בֵּן֒ וַתֹּ֗אמֶר עַתָּ֤ה הַפַּ֨עַם֙ יִלָּוֶ֤ה אִישִׁי֙ אֵלַ֔י כִּֽי־יָלַ֥דְתִּי ל֖וֹ שְׁלשָׁ֣ה בָנִ֑ים עַל־כֵּ֥ן קָֽרָא־שְׁמ֖וֹ לֵוִֽי:
this time my husband will be attached: Heb. יִלָּוֶה. Since the Matriarchs were prophetesses, they knew that twelve tribes would emanate from Jacob, and that he would marry four wives, she said, “From now on, he will find no fault with me for I have contributed my share in (producing) sons.” - [from Bereishith Rabbathi, attributed to Rabbi Moshe Hadarshan, Midrash Aggadah] [I.e., three sons were thought to be each wife’s share of the twelve.]		הַפַּעַם יִלָּוֶה אִישִׁי: לְפִי שֶׁהָאִמָּהוֹת נְבִיאוֹת הָיוּ, וְיוֹדְעוֹת שֶׁי"ב שְׁבָטִים יוֹצְאִים מִיַּעֲקֹב וְד' נָשִׁים יִשָּׂא, אָמְרָה, מֵעַתָּה אֵין לוֹ פִתְחוֹן פֶּה עָלַי, שֶׁהֲרֵי נָטַלְתִּי כָּל חֶלְקִי בַּבָּנִים (ברבות ס'):
therefore: Whoever is referred to with the expression עַל-כֵּן had a large population, except Levi, because the Ark destroyed many of them. — [from Gen. Rabbah 71:4]		עַל־כֵּן: כָּל מִי שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר בּוֹ עַל כֵּן מְרֻבֶּה בְּאֻכְלוֹסִין, חוּץ מִלֵּוִי שֶׁהָאָרוֹן הָיָה מְכַלֶּה בָּהֶם:
He named him Levi: [I wondered why] it is written concerning this one, “and he named,” while concerning all [the others], it is written, “and she named.” There is an aggadic midrash in Deuteronomy Rabbah, [which relates] how the Holy One, blessed be He, sent Gabriel and he brought him (Levi) before Him, and He gave him this name, and He gave him the twenty-four priestly gifts; and because he accompanied him (לִוָּהוּ) with gifts, he named him Levi.		קָֽרָא־שְׁמוֹ לֵוִֽי: בְּכֻלָּם כְּתִיב וַתִּקְרָא, וְזֶה כָתַב בּוֹ קָרָא, וְיֵשׁ מִקְרָא אַחֵר בְּאֵלֶּה הַדְּבָרִים רַבָּה שֶׁשָּׁלַח הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא גַּבְרִיאֵל וֶהֱבִיאוֹ לְפָנָיו וְקָרָא לוֹ שֵׁם זֶה, וְנָתַן לוֹ כ"ד מַתְּנוֹת כְּהֻנָּה, וְעַל שֵׁם שֶׁלִּוָּהוּ בְמַתָּנוֹת קְרָאוֹ לֵוִי:
35And she conceived again and bore a son, and she said, "This time, I will thank the Lord!" Therefore, she named him Judah, and [then] she stopped bearing.		להוַתַּ֨הַר ע֜וֹד וַתֵּ֣לֶד בֵּ֗ן וַתֹּ֨אמֶר֙ הַפַּ֨עַם֙ אוֹדֶ֣ה אֶת־יְהֹוָ֔ה עַל־כֵּ֛ן קָֽרְאָ֥ה שְׁמ֖וֹ יְהוּדָ֑ה וַתַּֽעֲמֹ֖ד מִלֶּֽדֶת:
This time, I will thank: since I have taken more than my share. Consequently, I must offer up thanks. — [from Gen. Rabbah 71:4]		הַפַּעַם אוֹדֶה: שֶׁנָּטַלְתִּי יוֹתֵר מֵחֶלְקִי, מֵעַתָּה יֵשׁ לִי לְהוֹדוֹת:

Bereshit (Genesis) Chapter 30

1And Rachel saw that she had not borne [any children] to Jacob, and Rachel envied her sister, and she said to Jacob, "Give me children, and if not, I am dead."		אוַתֵּ֣רֶא רָחֵ֗ל כִּ֣י לֹ֤א יָֽלְדָה֙ לְיַֽעֲקֹ֔ב וַתְּקַנֵּ֥א רָחֵ֖ל בַּֽאֲחֹתָ֑הּ וַתֹּ֤אמֶר אֶל־יַֽעֲקֹב֙ הָֽבָה־לִּ֣י בָנִ֔ים וְאִם־אַ֖יִן מֵתָ֥ה אָנֹֽכִי:
and Rachel envied her sister: She envied her good deeds. She said, “If she had not been more righteous than I, she would not have merited children” (Gen. Rabbah 71:5).		וַתְּקַנֵּא רָחֵל באחותה: קִנְּאָה בְמַעֲשֶׂיהָ הַטּוֹבִים, אָמְרָה אִלּוּלֵי שֶׁצָּדְקָה מִמֶּנִּי לֹא זָכְתָה לְבָנִים (בראשית רבה):
Give me: Did your father [not] do that for your mother? Did he not pray for her?- [from Gen. Rabbah 71:7]		הָֽבָה־לִּי: וְכִי כָּךְ עָשָׂה אָבִיךָ לְאִמְּךָ? וְהֲלֹא הִתְפַּלֵּל עָלֶיהָ:
I am dead: From here [we learn] that whoever has no children is counted as dead. — [from Gen. Rabbah 71:6]		מֵתָה אָנֹֽכִי: מִכָּאן לְמִי שֶׁאֵין לוֹ בָנִים שֶׁחָשׁוּב כַּמֵּת (בראשית רבה):
2And Jacob became angry with Rachel, and he said, "Am I instead of God, Who has withheld from you the fruit of the womb?"		בוַיִּֽחַר־אַ֥ף יַֽעֲקֹ֖ב בְּרָחֵ֑ל וַיֹּ֗אמֶר הֲתַ֤חַת אֱלֹהִים֙ אָנֹ֔כִי אֲשֶׁר־מָנַ֥ע מִמֵּ֖ךְ פְּרִי־בָֽטֶן:
Am I instead of God: Am I in His place?		הֲתַחַת: וְכִי בִמְקוֹמוֹ אֲנִי?
Who has withheld from you: You say that I should do as my father did. I am not like my father. My father had no sons [at the time he prayed], but I have sons. [It is thus apparent that] He has withheld [children] from you, not from me. — [from Gen. Rabbah 71:7]		אֲשֶׁר־מָנַע מִמֵּךְ: אַתְּ אוֹמֶרֶת שֶׁאֶעֱשֶׂה כְאַבָּא, אֲנִי אֵינִי כְּאַבָּא, אַבָּא לֹא הָיוּ לוֹ בָנִים, אֲנִי יֵשׁ לִי בָּנִים; מִמֵּךְ מָנַע וְלֹא מִמֶּנִּי:
3So she said, "Here is my maidservant Bilhah; come to her, and she will bear [children] on my knees, so that I, too, will be built up from her."		גוַתֹּ֕אמֶר הִנֵּ֛ה אֲמָתִ֥י בִלְהָ֖ה בֹּ֣א אֵלֶ֑יהָ וְתֵלֵד֙ עַל־בִּרְכַּ֔י וְאִבָּנֶ֥ה גַם־אָֽנֹכִ֖י מִמֶּֽנָּה:
on my knees: As the Targum renders: and I will rear [them].		עַל־בִּרְכַּי: כְּתַרְגּוּמוֹ וַאֲנָא אֱרַבֵּי:
so that I, too, will be built up: What is [the meaning of] “too” ? She said to him, “Your grandfather Abraham had sons from Hagar; yet he girded his loins (he prayed fervently) on Sarah’s behalf.” He replied, “My grandmother brought her rival into her house.” She said, “If this matter is holding things up (prevents me from having children), here is my maidservant.” - [from Gen. Rabbah 71:7]		וְאִבָּנֶה גַם־אָֽנֹכִי: מַהוּ גַּם? אָמְרָה לוֹ זְקֶנְךָ אַבְרָהָם הָיוּ לוֹ בָנִים מֵהָגָר וְחָגַר מָתְנָיו כְּנֶגֶד שָׂרָה, אָמַר לָהּ זְקֵנָתִי הִכְנִיסָה צָרָתָהּ לְבֵיתָהּ, אָמְרָה לוֹ אִם הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה מְעַכֵּב, הִנֵּה אֲמָתִי:
so that I, too, will be built up from her: like Sarah. — [from Gen. Rabbah 71:7]		וְאִבָּנֶה גַם־אָֽנֹכִי: כְּשָׂרָה:
4So she gave him her maidservant Bilhah for a wife, and Jacob came to her.		דוַתִּתֶּן־ל֛וֹ אֶת־בִּלְהָ֥ה שִׁפְחָתָ֖הּ לְאִשָּׁ֑ה וַיָּבֹ֥א אֵלֶ֖יהָ יַֽעֲקֹֽב:
5And Bilhah conceived, and she bore Jacob a son.		הוַתַּ֣הַר בִּלְהָ֔ה וַתֵּ֥לֶד לְיַֽעֲקֹ֖ב בֵּֽן:
6And Rachel said, "God has judged me, and He has also hearkened to my voice and has given me a son"; so she named him Dan.		ווַתֹּ֤אמֶר רָחֵל֨ דָּנַ֣נִּי אֱלֹהִ֔ים וְגַם֙ שָׁמַ֣ע בְּקֹלִ֔י וַיִּתֶּן־לִ֖י בֵּ֑ן עַל־כֵּ֛ן קָֽרְאָ֥ה שְׁמ֖וֹ דָּֽן:
God has judged me: He judged me, declared me guilty, and then declared me innocent. — [from Gen. Rabbah 71:7].		דָּנַנִּי אֱלֹהִים: דָּנַנִּי וְחִיְּבַנִי וְזִכַּנִי (בראשית רבה):
7And Bilhah, Rachel's maidservant, conceived again and bore Jacob a second son.		זוַתַּ֣הַר ע֔וֹד וַתֵּ֕לֶד בִּלְהָ֖ה שִׁפְחַ֣ת רָחֵ֑ל בֵּ֥ן שֵׁנִ֖י לְיַֽעֲקֹֽב:
8And Rachel said, "[With] divine bonds I have been joined to my sister; I have also prevailed"; so she named him Naftali.		חוַתֹּ֣אמֶר רָחֵ֗ל נַפְתּוּלֵ֨י אֱלֹהִ֧ים \| נִפְתַּ֛לְתִּי עִם־אֲחֹתִ֖י גַּם־יָכֹ֑לְתִּי וַתִּקְרָ֥א שְׁמ֖וֹ נַפְתָּלִֽי:
divine bonds: Heb. נַפְתּוּלֵי אֱלֹהִים. Menachem ben Saruk (p. 147) classified it in the grouping of Num. 19:15, “a cover bound (פָּתִיל).” With bonds from the Omnipresent, I have joined my sister to merit children. But I interpret it as an expression of “perverse and crooked (וּפְתַלְתֹּל).” (Deut. 32:5). I have stubbornly pleaded many tortuous pleas to the Omnipresent to be equal to my sister.		נַפְתּוּלֵי אֱלֹהִים: מְנַחֵם בֶּן סָרוּק פֵּרְשׁוֹ בְּמַחְבֶּרֶת צָמִיד פָּתִיל, חִבּוּרִים מֵאֵת הַמָּקוֹם נִתְחַבַּרְתִּי עִם אֲחוֹתִי לִזְכּוֹת לְבָנִים. וַאֲנִי מְפָרְשׁוֹ לְשׁוֹן עִקֵּשׁ וּפְתַלְתֹּל (דברים ל"ב) – נִתְעַקַּשְׁתִּי וְהִפְצַרְתִּי פְצִירוֹת וְנַפְתּוּלִים הַרְבֵּה לַמָּקוֹם, לִהְיוֹת שָׁוָה לַאֲחוֹתִי:
I have also prevailed: He yielded to my importunities. Onkelos, however, rendered it as an expression of prayer (תְּפִלָּה): נַפְתּוּלֵי אֱלֹהִים נִפְתַּלְתִּי. Requests beloved to Him were accepted on my behalf, and I was answered like my sister.		גַּם־יָכֹלְתִּי: הִסְכִּים עַל יָדִי; וְאֻנְקְלוֹס תִּרְגֵּם לְשׁוֹן תְּפִלָּה, כְּמוֹ נַפְתּוּלֵי אֱלֹהִים נִתְפַּלְתִּי בַּקָּשׁוֹת הַחֲבִיבוֹת לְפָנָיו; נִתְקַבַּלְתִּי, וְנֶעֱתַרְתִּי כַאֲחוֹתִי:
נִפְתַּלְתִּי: means my prayer was accepted. There are many aggadic midrashim that interpret this phrase with the method of notarikon, (i.e., each group of letters represents a word).		נִפְתַּלְתִּי: נִתְקַבְּלָה תְפִלָּתִי, וּמִקְרָא אַחֵר יֵשׁ רַבִּים בִּלְשׁוֹן נוֹטָרִיקוֹן:
9When Leah saw that she had stopped bearing [children], she took her maidservant Zilpah, and gave her to Jacob for a wife.		טוַתֵּ֣רֶא לֵאָ֔ה כִּ֥י עָֽמְדָ֖ה מִלֶּ֑דֶת וַתִּקַּח֙ אֶת־זִלְפָּ֣ה שִׁפְחָתָ֔הּ וַתִּתֵּ֥ן אֹתָ֛הּ לְיַֽעֲקֹ֖ב לְאִשָּֽׁה:
10And Zilpah, Leah's maidservant, bore Jacob a son.		יוַתֵּ֗לֶד זִלְפָּ֛ה שִׁפְחַ֥ת לֵאָ֖ה לְיַֽעֲקֹ֥ב בֵּֽן:
And Zilpah…bore: In the case of all of them (i.e., all Jacob’s wives), conception is mentioned, except for Zilpah, because she was the youngest of them all and so young in years that her pregnancy was not noticed. In order to deceive Jacob, Laban gave her to Leah, so that he would not perceive that they were bringing in Leah, for this was their custom, to give the older maidservant to the older [daughter] and the younger [maidservant] to the younger [daughter]. — [from Gen. Rabbah 71: 9]		וַתֵּלֶד זִלְפָּה: בְּכֻלָּן נֶאֱמַר הֵרָיוֹן חוּץ מִזִּלְפָּה, לְפִי שֶׁהָיְתָה בַחוּרָה מִכֻּלָּן וְתִינֹקֶת בְּשָׁנִים וְאֵין הֵרָיוֹן נִכָּר בָּה; וּכְדֵי לְרַמּוֹת לְיַעֲקֹב, נְתָנָהּ לָבָן לְלֵאָה, שֶׁלֹּא יָבִין שֶׁמַּכְנִיסִין לוֹ אֶת לֵאָה, שֶׁכָּךְ מִנְהָג לִתֵּן שִׁפְחָה הַגְּדוֹלָה לַגְּדוֹלָה וּקְטַנָּה לַקְּטַנָּה:
11And Leah said, "Luck has come"; so she named him Gad.		יאוַתֹּ֥אמֶר לֵאָ֖ה בָּ֣א גָ֑ד (כתיב בגד) וַתִּקְרָ֥א אֶת־שְׁמ֖וֹ גָּֽד:
“Luck has come”: Heb. בָּא גָּד. Good luck has come [Targum Jonathan ben Uzziel] similar to (Shab. 67b) “May my fate be lucky (גָד גַדִּי) and not fatigued,” and similar to this (Isa. 65:11), “who set a table for Gad.” According to the Aggadah [Midrash Aggadah in the name of “some say”], he was born circumcised גָּד, meaning “cut off”), like Dan. 4:11, “cut down (גֹּדוּ) the tree,” but I do not know why it is written as one word (בָּגָד) [in our verse]. Another explanation: Why is it read as one word? בָּגָד is like בָּגַדְתּ ָבִּי, you betrayed me when you came to my handmaid, as a man who has betrayed (בָּגַד) the wife of his youth.		בא גָּֽד: בָּא מַזָּל טוֹב, כְּמוֹ גַּד גַּדִּי וְסָנוּק לָא (שבת ס"ז), וְדוֹמֶה לוֹ הַעֹרְכִים לַגַּד שֻׁלְחָן (ישעיהו ס"ה), וּמִקְרָא אַחֵר שֶׁנּוֹלַד מָהוּל, כְּמוֹ גֹּדּוּ אִילָנָא (דניאל ד'), וְלֹא יָדַעְתִּי עַל מָה נִכְתְּבָה תֵּבָה אַחַת; דָּבָר אַחֵר לָמָּה נִקְרֵאת תֵּבָה אַחַת בָּגָד, כְּמוֹ בָּגַדְתָּ בִּי, כְּשֶׁבָּאתָ אֶל שִׁפְחָתִי, כְּאִישׁ שֶׁבָּגַד בְּאֵשֶׁת נְעוּרִים:
12And Zilpah, Leah's maidservant, bore Jacob a second son.		יבוַתֵּ֗לֶד זִלְפָּה֙ שִׁפְחַ֣ת לֵאָ֔ה בֵּ֥ן שֵׁנִ֖י לְיַֽעֲקֹֽב:
13And Leah said, "Because of my good fortune, for women have declared me fortunate"; so she named him Asher.		יגוַתֹּ֣אמֶר לֵאָ֔ה בְּאָשְׁרִ֕י כִּ֥י אִשְּׁר֖וּנִי בָּנ֑וֹת וַתִּקְרָ֥א אֶת־שְׁמ֖וֹ אָשֵֽׁר:

Fourth Portion

Bereshit (Genesis) Chapter 30

14Reuben went in the days of the wheat harvest, and he found dudaim in the field and brought them to Leah, his mother, and Rachel said to Leah, "Now give me some of your son's dudaim."		ידוַיֵּ֨לֶךְ רְאוּבֵ֜ן בִּימֵ֣י קְצִֽיר־חִטִּ֗ים וַיִּמְצָ֤א דֽוּדָאִים֙ בַּשָּׂדֶ֔ה וַיָּבֵ֣א אֹתָ֔ם אֶל־לֵאָ֖ה אִמּ֑וֹ וַתֹּ֤אמֶר רָחֵל֨ אֶל־לֵאָ֔ה תְּנִי־נָ֣א לִ֔י מִדּֽוּדָאֵ֖י בְּנֵֽךְ:
in the days of the wheat harvest: [This is] to tell the praise of the [progenitors of] the tribes. It was harvest time, and he did not stretch out his hand upon stolen property, to bring wheat or barley, but only upon an ownerless thing, which no one cares about. — [from Gen. Rabbah 72: 2]		בִּימֵי קְצִֽיר־חִטִּים: לְהַגִּיד שִׁבְחָן שֶׁל שְׁבָטִים; שְׁעַת הַקָּצִיר הָיָה וְלֹא פָשַׁט יָדוֹ בַגֶּזֶל לְהָבִיא חִטִּים וּשְׂעוֹרִים, אֶלָּא דְּבַר הַהֶפְקֵר, שֶׁאֵין אָדָם מַקְפִּיד בּוֹ:
dudaim: (Sanh. 99b) Sigli. This is an herb, [called] jasmine in Arabic.		דֽוּדָאִים: סִיגְלִי, עֵשֶׂב הוּא (סנהדרין צ"ט), וּבִלְשׁוֹן יִשְׁמָעֵאל יַסְמִי"ן:
15And she said to her, "Is it a small matter that you have taken my husband, that [you wish] also to take my son's dudaim?" So Rachel said, "Therefore, he shall sleep with you tonight as payment for your son's dudaim."		טווַתֹּ֣אמֶר לָ֗הּ הַֽמְעַט֙ קַחְתֵּ֣ךְ אֶת־אִישִׁ֔י וְלָקַ֕חַת גַּ֥ם אֶת־דּֽוּדָאֵ֖י בְּנִ֑י וַתֹּ֣אמֶר רָחֵ֗ל לָכֵן֙ יִשְׁכַּ֤ב עִמָּךְ֙ הַלַּ֔יְלָה תַּ֖חַת דּֽוּדָאֵ֥י בְנֵֽךְ:
that [you wish] also to take my son’s dudaim?: This is a question: and [do you wish] to do this also, to take also my son’s dudaim? The Targum for this is וּלְמֵיסַב, and to take.		וְלָקַחַת גַּם אֶת־דּֽוּדָאֵי בְּנִי: בִּתְמִיהָ, וְלַעֲשׂוֹת עוֹד זֹאת לִקַּח גַם אֶת דּוּדָאֵי בְּנִי; וְתַרְגּוּמוֹ וּלְמֵיסַב:
Therefore, he shall sleep with you tonight: Tonight’s cohabitation belonged to me, but I will give it to you in lieu of your son’s dudaim. Since she treated the cohabitation of the righteous man lightly, she did not merit to be buried with him. — [from Gen. Rabbah 72:3]		לָכֵן יִשְׁכַּב עִמָּךְ הַלַּיְלָה: שֶׁלִּי הָיְתָה שְׁכִיבַת לַיְלָה זוֹ, וַאֲנִי נוֹתְנָה לָךְ תַּחַת דּוּדָאֵי בְנֵךְ, וּלְפִי שֶׁזִּלְזְלָה בְּמִשְׁכַּב הַצַּדִּיק לֹא זָכְתָה לְהִקָּבֵר עִמּוֹ (נדה ל"א):
16When Jacob came from the field in the evening, and Leah came forth toward him, and she said, "You shall come to me, because I have hired you with my son's dudaim," and he slept with her on that night.		טזוַיָּבֹ֨א יַֽעֲקֹ֥ב מִן־הַשָּׂדֶה֘ בָּעֶ֒רֶב֒ וַתֵּצֵ֨א לֵאָ֜ה לִקְרָאת֗וֹ וַתֹּ֨אמֶר֙ אֵלַ֣י תָּב֔וֹא כִּ֚י שָׂכֹ֣ר שְׂכַרְתִּ֔יךָ בְּדֽוּדָאֵ֖י בְּנִ֑י וַיִּשְׁכַּ֥ב עִמָּ֖הּ בַּלַּ֥יְלָה הֽוּא:
I have hired you: I gave Rachel her payment. — [from Targum Jonathan]		שָׂכֹר שְׂכַרְתִּיךָ: נָתַתִּי לְרָחֵל שְׂכָרָהּ:
on that night: Heb. בָּלַיְלָה הוּא. The Holy One, blessed be He, assisted that Issachar should be born from that union. — [from Niddah 31a]		בַּלַּיְלָה הֽוּא: הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא סִיְּעוֹ, שֶׁיָּצָא מִשָּׁם יִשָּׂשכָר (בראשית רבה):
17And God hearkened to Leah, and she conceived and bore Jacob a fifth son.		יזוַיִּשְׁמַ֥ע אֱלֹהִ֖ים אֶל־לֵאָ֑ה וַתַּ֛הַר וַתֵּ֥לֶד לְיַֽעֲקֹ֖ב בֵּ֥ן חֲמִישִֽׁי:
And God hearkened to Leah: That she desired and was seeking means to increase the number of tribes. — [from Gen. Rabbah 72:5]		וַיִּשְׁמַע אֱלֹהִים אֶל־לֵאָה: שֶׁהָיְתָה מִתְאַוָּה וּמְחַזֶּרֶת לְהַרְבּוֹת שְׁבָטִים:
18And Leah said, "God has given [me] my reward for I have given my maidservant to my husband"; so she named him Issachar.		יחוַתֹּ֣אמֶר לֵאָ֗ה נָתַ֤ן אֱלֹהִים֙ שְׂכָרִ֔י אֲשֶׁר־נָתַ֥תִּי שִׁפְחָתִ֖י לְאִישִׁ֑י וַתִּקְרָ֥א שְׁמ֖וֹ יִשָּׂשכָֽר:
19And Leah conceived again, and she bore Jacob a sixth son.		יטוַתַּ֥הַר ע֖וֹד לֵאָ֑ה וַתֵּ֥לֶד בֵּֽן־שִׁשִּׁ֖י לְיַֽעֲקֹֽב:
20And Leah said, "God has given me a good portion. This time, my husband will live with me, for I have borne him six sons"; so she named him Zebulun.		כוַתֹּ֣אמֶר לֵאָ֗ה זְבָדַ֨נִי אֱלֹהִ֥ים \| אֹתִי֘ זֶ֣בֶד טוֹב֒ הַפַּ֨עַם֙ יִזְבְּלֵ֣נִי אִישִׁ֔י כִּֽי־יָלַ֥דְתִּי ל֖וֹ שִׁשָּׁ֣ה בָנִ֑ים וַתִּקְרָ֥א אֶת־שְׁמ֖וֹ זְבֻלֽוּן:
a good portion: Heb. זֶבֶד טוֹב. [To be interpreted] according to its Aramaic translation [חוּלַק טַב, a good portion].		זֶבֶד טוֹב: כְּתַרְגּוּמוֹ:
will live with me: An expression of a dwelling place; herberjerie in O.F.; lodging, abode, home. From now on, his principal dwelling will be only with me, because I have as many sons as all his [other] wives have.		יִזְבְּלֵנִי: לְ' בֵּית זְבֻל (מלכים א ח' י"ג), הירבריי"א בְּלַעַז, בֵּית מָדוֹר, מֵעַתָּה לֹא תְהֵא עִקַּר דִּירָתוֹ אֶלָּא עִמִּי שֶׁיֵּשׁ לִי בָנִים כְּנֶגֶד כָּל נָשָׁיו:
21And afterwards, she bore a daughter, and she named her Dinah.		כאוְאַחַ֖ר יָ֣לְדָה בַּ֑ת וַתִּקְרָ֥א אֶת־שְׁמָ֖הּ דִּינָֽה:
Dinah: Our Sages explained that Leah pronounced judgment (דָּנָה) upon herself. [She reasoned:] If this is a male, my sister Rachel will not be [esteemed even] as one of the handmaids. So she prayed over him, and he was turned into a female (Ber. 60a).		דִּינָֽה: פֵּרְשׁוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ שֶׁדָּנָה לֵאָה דִּין בְּעַצְמָהּ, אִם זֶה זָכָר לֹא תְהֵא רָחֵל אֲחוֹתִי כְּאַחַת הַשְּׁפָחוֹת, וְהִתְפַּלְּלָה עָלָיו וְנֶהְפַּךְ לִנְקֵבָה (ברכות ס'):
22And God remembered Rachel, and God hearkened to her, and He opened her womb.		כבוַיִּזְכֹּ֥ר אֱלֹהִ֖ים אֶת־רָחֵ֑ל וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ע אֵלֶ֨יהָ֙ אֱלֹהִ֔ים וַיִּפְתַּ֖ח אֶת־רַחְמָֽהּ:
And God remembered Rachel: (Gen. Rabbah 73:4) He remembered for her that she gave over her signs to her sister [Leah] and that she was troubled lest she fall into Esau’s lot, perhaps Jacob would divorce her because she had no children. The wicked Esau also got that idea when he heard that she had no children. This is what the paytan incorporated [into his poem for the first day of Rosh Hashanah, entitled אֶבֶן חוּג]: When the ruddy one (Esau) saw that she (Rachel) had not experienced birth pangs, he wished to take her for himself, and she was terrified.		ויזכור אֱלֹהִים אֶת־רָחֵל: זָכַר לָהּ שֶׁמָּסְרָה סִימָנֶיהָ לַאֲחוֹתָהּ וְשֶׁהָיְתָה מְצֵרָה שֶׁמָּא תַּעֲלֶה בְּגוֹרָלוֹ שֶׁל עֵשָׂו, שֶׁמָּא יְגָרְשֶׁנָּה יַעֲקֹב לְפִי שֶׁאֵין לָהּ בָּנִים, וְאַף עֵשָׂו הָרָשָׁע כָּךְ עָלָה בְּלִבּוֹ כְּשֶׁשָּׁמַע שֶׁאֵין לָהּ בָּנִים; הוּא שֶׁיִּסֵּד הַפַּיָּט הָאַדְמוֹן כְּבָט שֶׁלֹּא חָלָה, צָבָה לְקַחְתָּהּ לוֹ וְנִתְבֶּהָלָה:
23And she conceived and bore a son, and she said, "God has taken away my reproach."		כגוַתַּ֖הַר וַתֵּ֣לֶד בֵּ֑ן וַתֹּ֕אמֶר אָסַ֥ף אֱלֹהִ֖ים אֶת־חֶרְפָּתִֽי:
has taken away: Heb. אָסַף He took it into a place where it would not be seen, and similarly (Isa. 4:1): “take away (אֱסֹף) our reproach;” (Ex. 9:19): “and will not be taken in (יֵאָסֵף) the house;” (Joel 4:15): “have withdrawn (אָסְפוּ) their shining;” (Isa. 60: 20): “shall your moon be gathered in (יֵאָסֵף),” [meaning that] it will not be hidden.		אָסַף: הִכְנִיסָהּ בְּמָקוֹם שֶׁלֹּא תֵרָאֶה, וְכֵן אֱסֹף חֶרְפָּתֵנוּ (ישעיהו ד'), וְלֹא יֵאָסֵף הַבַּיתָה (שמות ט'), אָסְפוּ נָגְהָם (יואל ד'), וִירֵחֵךְ לֹא יֵאָסֵף (ישעיהו ס') – לֹא יִטָּמֵן:
my reproach: For I was put to shame, having been barren, and [people] were saying about me that I would fall to the lot of the wicked Esau (Tan. Buber, Vayetze 20). The Aggadah (Gen. Rabbah 73:5) [explains it thus:] As long as a woman has no child, she has no one to blame for her faults. As soon as she has a child, she blames him. “Who broke this dish?” “Your child!” “Who ate these figs?” “Your child!”		חֶרְפָּתִֽי: שֶׁהָיִיתִי לְחֶרְפָּה שֶׁאֲנִי עֲקָרָה וְהָיוּ אוֹמְרִים עָלַי שֶׁאֱעֶלֶה לְחֶלְקוֹ שֶׁל עֵשָׂו הָרָשָׁע. וְאַגָּדָה: כָּל זְמַן שֶׁאֵין לָאִשָּׁה בֵּן, אֵין לָהּ בְּמִי לִתְלוֹת סִרְחוֹנָהּ, מִשֶּׁיֵשׁ לָהּ בֵּן תּוֹלָה בוֹ: מִי שִׁבֵּר כְּלִי זֶה? בִּנְךָ. מִי אָכַל תְּאֵנִים אֵלּוּ? בִּנְךָ:
24So she named him Joseph, saying, "May the Lord grant me yet another son!"		כדוַתִּקְרָ֧א אֶת־שְׁמ֛וֹ יוֹסֵ֖ף לֵאמֹ֑ר יֹסֵ֧ף יְהֹוָ֛ה לִ֖י בֵּ֥ן אַחֵֽר:
May the Lord grant me yet another son: She knew through prophecy that Jacob was destined to establish only twelve tribes. She said, “May it be His will that the one he is destined to establish be from me.” Therefore, she prayed only for another son [and no more]. — [from Gen. Rabbah 72:6]		יֹסֵף ה' לִי בֵּן אַחֵֽר: יוֹדַעַת הָיְתָה בִנְבוּאָה שֶׁאֵין יַעֲקֹב עָתִיד לְהַעֲמִיד אֶלָּא שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר שְׁבָטִים, אָמְרָה יְהִי רָצוֹן שֶׁאוֹתוֹ שֶׁהוּא עָתִיד לְהַעֲמִיד יְהֵא מִמֶּנִּי, לְכָךְ לֹא נִתְפַּלְּלָה אֶלָּא עַל בֵּן אַחֵר:
25It came to pass when Rachel had borne Joseph, that Jacob said to Laban, "Send me away, and I will go to my place and to my land.		כהוַיְהִ֕י כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֛ר יָֽלְדָ֥ה רָחֵ֖ל אֶת־יוֹסֵ֑ף וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יַֽעֲקֹב֙ אֶל־לָבָ֔ן שַׁלְּחֵ֨נִי֙ וְאֵ֣לְכָ֔ה אֶל־מְקוֹמִ֖י וּלְאַרְצִֽי:
when Rachel had borne Joseph: When the adversary of Esau was born, as it is said (Obadiah 1:18): “And the house of Jacob shall be fire and the house of Joseph a flame, and the house of Esau shall become stubble.” Fire without a flame does not burn anything a distance away. As soon as Joseph was born, Jacob trusted in the Holy One, blessed be He and desired to return [to Canaan]. — [from B.B. 123b, Targum Jonathan ben Uzziel, Gen. Rabbah 73:7]		כַּֽאֲשֶׁר יָֽלְדָה רָחֵל אֶת־יוֹסֵף: מִשֶּׁנּוֹלַד שְׂטָנוֹ שֶׁל עֵשָׂו, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר וְהָיָה בֵית יַעֲקֹב אֵשׁ וּבֵית יוֹסֵף לֶהָבָה וּבֵית עֵשָׂו לְקַשׁ (עובדיה א'), אֵשׁ בְּלֹא לֶהָבָה אֵינוֹ שׁוֹלֵט לְמֵרָחוֹק, מִשֶּׁנּוֹלַד יוֹסֵף בָּטַח יַעֲקֹב בְּהַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא וְרָצָה לָשׁוּב:
26Give [me] my wives and my children for whom I worked for you, and I will go, for you know my work, which I have worked for you."		כותְּנָ֞ה אֶת־נָשַׁ֣י וְאֶת־יְלָדַ֗י אֲשֶׁ֨ר עָבַ֧דְתִּי אֹֽתְךָ֛ בָּהֵ֖ן וְאֵלֵ֑כָה כִּ֚י אַתָּ֣ה יָדַ֔עְתָּ אֶת־עֲבֹֽדָתִ֖י אֲשֶׁ֥ר עֲבַדְתִּֽיךָ:
Give [me] my wives, etc.: I do not wish to leave without permission. — [from Zohar vol. 1, 158b]		תְּנָה אֶת־נָשַׁי וגו': אֵינִי רוֹצֶה לָצֵאת כִּי אִם בִּרְשׁוּת:
27And Laban said to him, "If only I have now found favor in your eyes! I have divined, and the Lord has blessed me for your sake."		כזוַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֵלָיו֙ לָבָ֔ן אִם־נָ֛א מָצָ֥אתִי חֵ֖ן בְּעֵינֶ֑יךָ נִחַ֕שְׁתִּי וַיְבָֽרֲכֵ֥נִי יְהֹוָ֖ה בִּגְלָלֶֽךָ:
I have divined: He was a diviner. [He said:] I ascertained with my divination that a blessing came to me through you. When you came here, I had no sons, as it is said (above, 29:6): “and behold, his daughter Rachel is coming with the sheep” (is it possible that he has sons, yet sends his daughter along with the shepherds?). Now, however, he had sons, as it is said (31:1): “And he heard the words of Laban’s sons.” - [from Tanchuma Shemoth 16]		נִחַשְׁתִּי: מְנַחֵשׁ הָיָה, נִסִּיתִי בְּנִחוּשׁ שֶׁלִּי שֶׁעַל יָדְךָ בָּאָה לִי בְרָכָה; כְּשֶׁבָּאתָ לְכָאן לֹא הָיוּ לִי בָנִים, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר וְהִנֵּה רָחֵל בִּתּוֹ בָּאָה עִם הַצֹּאן (בראשית כ״ט:ו׳), אֶפְשַׁר יֵשׁ לוֹ בָנִים וְהוּא שׁוֹלֵחַ בִתּוֹ אֵצֶל הָרוֹעִים? עַכְשָׁיו הָיוּ לוֹ בָנִים, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר וַיִּשְׁמַע אֶת דִּבְרֵי בְנֵי לָבָן (שם ל"א):

Fifth Portion

Bereshit (Genesis) Chapter 30

28Then he said, "Specify your wages for me, and I will give [them]."		כחוַיֹּאמַ֑ר נָקְבָ֧ה שְׂכָֽרְךָ֛ עָלַ֖י וְאֶתֵּֽנָה:
Specify your wages: Heb. נָקְבָה, [to be interpreted] as the Targum renders: פָּרֵישׁ אגרך‏, specify your wages.		נָקְבָה: כְּתַרְגּוּמוֹ פָּרֵשׁ אַגְרָךְ:
29And he said to him, "You know how I have worked for you and how your livestock was with me.		כטוַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלָ֔יו אַתָּ֣ה יָדַ֔עְתָּ אֵ֖ת אֲשֶׁ֣ר עֲבַדְתִּ֑יךָ וְאֵ֛ת אֲשֶׁר־הָיָ֥ה מִקְנְךָ֖ אִתִּֽי:
and how your livestock was with me: The small amount of your livestock that came into my hands-how many were they?		וְאֵת אֲשֶׁר הָיָה מִקְנְךָ אִתִּֽי: אֶת חֶשְׁבּוֹן מִעוּט מִקְנְךָ שֶׁבָּא לְיָדִי מִתְּחִלָּה, כַּמָּה הָיוּ:
30For the little that you had before me has increased in multitude, and the Lord blessed you upon my arrival; but now, when will I, too, provide [something] for my household?"		לכִּ֡י מְעַט֩ אֲשֶׁר־הָיָ֨ה לְךָ֤ לְפָנַי֙ וַיִּפְרֹ֣ץ לָרֹ֔ב וַיְבָ֧רֶךְ יְהֹוָ֛ה אֹֽתְךָ֖ לְרַגְלִ֑י וְעַתָּ֗ה מָתַ֛י אֶֽעֱשֶׂ֥ה גַם־אָֽנֹכִ֖י לְבֵיתִֽי:
upon my arrival: lit., to my foot, with my foot; because of the arrival of my foot, the blessing came to you, like (Exod. 11:8): “the people that follow you (בְּרַגְלֶי‏);” (Jud. 8:5): “to the people that follow me (בְּרַגְלִי),” who come with me. — [from Gen. Rabbah 73:8]		לְרַגְלִי: עִם רַגְלִי, בִּשְׁבִיל בִּיאַת רַגְלִי בָּאת אֶצְלְךָ הַבְּרָכָה, כְּמוֹ הָעָם אֲשֶׁר בְּרַגְלֶיךָ (שמות י"א), לָעָם אֲשֶׁר בְּרַגְלָי (שופטים ח') – הַבָּאִים עִמִּי:
when will I, too, provide [something] for my household: For the needs of my household. Now only my children work for my needs, and I too must work with them to assist them. This is the meaning of “too.”		גַם־אָֽנֹכִי לְבֵיתִֽי: לְצֹרֶךְ בֵּיתִי; עַכְשָׁו אֵין עוֹשִׂין לְצָרְכִּי אֶלָּא בָּנַי וְצָרִיךְ אֲנִי לִהְיוֹת עוֹשֶׂה גַּם אֲנִי עִמָּהֶם לְסָמְכָן, וְזֶהוּ גַּם:
31And he said, "What shall I give you?" And Jacob said, "You shall give me nothing; if you do this thing for me, I will return, I will pasture your flocks, [and] I will watch [them].		לאוַיֹּ֖אמֶר מָ֣ה אֶתֶּן־לָ֑ךְ וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יַֽעֲקֹב֙ לֹֽא־תִתֶּן־לִ֣י מְא֔וּמָה אִם־תַּֽעֲשֶׂה־לִּי֙ הַדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֔ה אָשׁ֛וּבָה אֶרְעֶ֥ה צֹֽאנְךָ֖ אֶשְׁמֹֽר:
32I will pass throughout all your flocks today, removing from there every speckled and spotted kid, and every brown lamb among the sheep, and [every] spotted and speckled [one from] among the goats, and this shall be my wages.		לבאֶֽעֱבֹ֨ר בְּכָל־צֹֽאנְךָ֜ הַיּ֗וֹם הָסֵ֨ר מִשָּׁ֜ם כָּל־שֶׂ֣ה \| נָקֹ֣ד וְטָל֗וּא וְכָל־שֶׂה־חוּם֙ בַּכְּשָׂבִ֔ים וְטָל֥וּא וְנָקֹ֖ד בָּֽעִזִּ֑ים וְהָיָ֖ה שְׂכָרִֽי:
speckled: Heb. נָקֹד, spotted with small patches like dots, poynture in Old French, speckled.		נָקֹד: מְנֻמָּר בַּחֲבַרְבּוּרוֹת דַּקּוֹת כּמוֹ נְקֻדּוֹת, פיונטור"א בְּלַעַז:
spotted: Heb. טָלוּא, an expression of patches, wide spots.		וְטָלוּא: לְשׁוֹן טְלָאִים – חֲבַרְבּוּרוֹת רְחָבוֹת:
brown: Heb. חוּם, [Onkelos renders] שְׁחוּם, somewhat reddish, ros in Old French. In the language of the Mishnah (B.B. 83b): “[If someone purchases] red (שְׁחַמְתִּית) [wheat] and it was found to be white,” regarding grain.		חוּם: שָׁחוּם, דּוֹמֶה לְאָדֹם, רו"ש בְּלַעַז; לְשׁוֹן מִשְׁנָה שַׁחֲמָתִית וְנִמְצֵאת לְבָנָה, לְעִנְיַן הַתְּבוּאָה:
and this shall be my wages: Those that will be born from now on speckled or spotted among the goats or brown among the sheep shall be mine. Those that are here now, separate from them and entrust them with your sons, so that you do not say to me concerning those born from now on, “These were there from the beginning,” and furthermore, so that you should not say to me, “Through the males that are speckled and spotted, the females will give birth to similar animals from now on.”		וְהָיָה שְׂכָרִֽי: אוֹתָן שֶׁיִּוָּלְדוּ מִכָּאן וּלְהַבָּא נְקֻדִּים וּטְלוּאִים בָּעִזִּים וּשְׁחוּמִים בַּכְּשָׂבִים, יִהְיוּ שֶׁלִּי, וְאוֹתָן שֶׁיֶּשְׁנָן עַכְשָׁו, הַפְרֵשׁ מֵהֶם וְהַפְקִידֵם בְּיַד בָּנֶיךָ, שֶׁלֹּא תֹאמַר לִי עַל הַנּוֹלָדִים מֵעַתָּה אֵלּוּ הָיוּ שָׁם מִתְּחִלָּה, וְעוֹד, שֶׁלֹּא תֹאמַר לִי, עַל יְדֵי הַזְּכָרִים שֶׁהֵן נְקֻדִּים וּטְלוּאִים תֵּלַדְנָה הַנְּקֵבוֹת דֻּגְמָתָן מִכָּאן וָאֵילָךְ:
33And my righteousness will testify for me at a future date for it will come upon my wages before you. Whatever is not speckled or spotted among the goats or brown among the sheep [shall be counted as] stolen with me."		לגוְעָֽנְתָה־בִּ֤י צִדְקָתִי֙ בְּי֣וֹם מָחָ֔ר כִּֽי־תָב֥וֹא עַל־שְׂכָרִ֖י לְפָנֶ֑יךָ כֹּ֣ל אֲשֶׁר־אֵינֶ֩נּוּ֩ נָקֹ֨ד וְטָל֜וּא בָּֽעִזִּ֗ים וְחוּם֙ בַּכְּשָׂבִ֔ים גָּנ֥וּב ה֖וּא אִתִּֽי:
And my righteousness will testify for me, etc.: If you suspect me of taking anything of yours, my righteousness will testify for me. My righteousness will come and testify about my wages before you, that you will find in my flock only speckled and spotted ones, and whatever you find among them that is not speckled or spotted or brown, I have obviously stolen from you, and [only] through theft is it in my possession.		וְעָֽנְתָה־בִּי וגו': אִם תַּחְשְׁדֵנִי שֶׁאֲנִי נוֹטֵל מִשֶּׁלְּךָ כְּלוּם, תַּעֲנֶה בִי צִדְקָתִי כִּי תָבֹא צִדְקָתִי וְתָעִיד עַל שְׂכָרִי לְפָנֶיךָ, שֶׁלֹּא תִמְצָא בְעֶדְרִי כִּי אִם נְקֻדִּים וּטְלוּאִים, וְכָל שֶׁתִּמְצָא בָהֶן שֶׁאֵינוֹ נָקֹד אוֹ טָלוּא אוֹ חוּם, בְּיָדוּעַ שֶׁגְּנַבְתִּיו לְךָ וּבִגְנֵבָה הוּא שָׁרוּי אֶצְלִי:
34And Laban said, "Very well! If only it would be as you say!"		לדוַיֹּ֥אמֶר לָבָ֖ן הֵ֑ן ל֖וּ יְהִ֥י כִדְבָרֶֽךָ:
Very well!: Heb. הֵן, an expression denoting the acceptance of terms.		הֵן: לְ' קַבָּלַת דְּבָרִים:
If only it would be as you say: If only you would want this!		לוּ יְהִי כִדְבָרֶֽךָ: הַלְוַאי שֶׁתַּחְפֹּץ בְּכָךְ:
35And he removed on that day the ringed and the spotted male goats and all the speckled and spotted female goats, whichever had white on it, and all the brown [from] among the sheep, and he gave [them] into the hands of his sons.		להוַיָּ֣סַר בַּיּוֹם֩ הַה֨וּא אֶת־הַתְּיָשִׁ֜ים הָֽעֲקֻדִּ֣ים וְהַטְּלֻאִ֗ים וְאֵ֤ת כָּל־הָֽעִזִּים֙ הַנְּקֻדּ֣וֹת וְהַטְּלֻאֹ֔ת כֹּ֤ל אֲשֶׁר־לָבָן֙ בּ֔וֹ וְכָל־ח֖וּם בַּכְּשָׂבִ֑ים וַיִּתֵּ֖ן בְּיַד־בָּנָֽיו:
And he removed: [I.e.,] Laban [removed] on that day, etc.		וַיָּסַר: לָבָן ביום ההוא:
the male goats: Heb. הַתְּיָשִׁים, male goats.		אֶת־הַתְּיָשִׁים: עִזִּים זְכָרִים:
whichever had white on it: whichever had white patches on it.		כָּל־אֲשֶׁר־לָבָן בּוֹ: כָּל אֲשֶׁר הָיְתָה בוֹ חֲבַרְבּוּרִית לְבָנָה:
and he gave [them]: [I.e.] Laban [gave them] into the hands of his sons.		וַיִּתֵּן: לָבָן ביד בניו:
36And he set three days' journey between himself and Jacob, and Jacob tended Laban's remaining animals.		לווַיָּ֗שֶׂם דֶּ֚רֶךְ שְׁל֣שֶׁת יָמִ֔ים בֵּינ֖וֹ וּבֵ֣ין יַֽעֲקֹ֑ב וְיַֽעֲקֹ֗ב רֹעֶ֛ה אֶת־צֹ֥אן לָבָ֖ן הַנּֽוֹתָרֹֽת:
Laban’s remaining animals: The weakest among them, the sick and the barren, which are only leftovers, he gave over to him.		הנותרות: הָרְעוּעוֹת שֶׁבָּהֶן, הַחוֹלוֹת וְהָעֲקָרוֹת שֶׁאֵינָן אֶלָּא שִׁירַיִם, אוֹתָן מָסַר לוֹ:
37And Jacob took himself moist rod[s] of trembling poplar and hazelnut, and chestnut, and he peeled white streaks upon them, baring the white that was on the rods.		לזוַיִּקַּח־ל֣וֹ יַֽעֲקֹ֗ב מַקַּ֥ל לִבְנֶ֛ה לַ֖ח וְל֣וּז וְעַרְמ֑וֹן וַיְפַצֵּ֤ל בָּהֵן֙ פְּצָל֣וֹת לְבָנ֔וֹת מַחְשׂף֙ הַלָּבָ֔ן אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־הַמַּקְלֽוֹת:
rod[s] of trembling poplar: This is a tree named לִבְנֶה, as it is said (Hosea 4:13): “under oaks and trembling poplars (וְלִבְנֶה)” and I believe that לבנה is the one called trenble in Old French, trembling poplar and aspen, which is white (לָבָן).		מַקַּל לִבְנֶה: עֵץ הוּא, וּשְׁמוֹ לִבְנֶה, כְּמָא דְתֵימָא תַּחַת אַלּוֹן וְלִבְנֶה (הושע ד'), וְאוֹמֵר אֲנִי הוּא שֶׁקּוֹרִין טרינבל"א בְּלַעַ"ז, שֶׁהוּא לָבָן:
moist: When it was moist.		לַח: כְּשֶׁהוּא רָטֹב:
and hazelnut: And he took also a rod of לוּז, a tree upon which small nuts grow, coldre in Old French, hazelnut.		לוז: וְעוֹד לָקַח מַקַּל לוּז, עֵץ שֶׁגְּדֵלִין בּוֹ אֱגוֹזִים דַּקִּים, קולדו"י בְּלַעַז:
and chestnut: c(h)astanyer in Old French, chestnut.		וְעַרְמוֹן: קשטני"יר בְּלַעַז:
streaks: Many peelings, for it made it spotted.		פְּצָלוֹת: קִלּוּפִים קִלּוּפִים, שֶׁהָיָה עוֹשֵׂהוּ מְנֻמָּר:
baring the white: When he peeled it, its white appeared and was bared in the place where it was peeled.		מחשוף הַלָּבָן: גִּלּוּי לֹבֶן שֶׁל מַקֵּל, כְּשֶׁהָיָה קוֹלְפוֹ הָיָה נִרְאֶה וְנִגְלֶה לֹבֶן שֶׁלּוֹ בַּמָּקוֹם הַקָּלוּף:
38And he thrust the rods that he had peeled, into the gutters in the watering troughs where the animals would come to drink opposite the [other] animals, and they would come into heat when they came to drink.		לחוַיַּצֵּ֗ג אֶת־הַמַּקְלוֹת֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר פִּצֵּ֔ל בָּֽרְהָטִ֖ים בְּשִֽׁקֲת֣וֹת הַמָּ֑יִם אֲשֶׁר֩ תָּבֹ֨אןָ הַצֹּ֤אן לִשְׁתּוֹת֙ לְנֹ֣כַח הַצֹּ֔אן וַיֵּחַ֖מְנָה בְּבֹאָ֥ן לִשְׁתּֽוֹת:
And he thrust: Heb. וַּיַּצֵג. The Targum renders וְדָעִיץ, an Aramaic term denoting thrusting and sticking in, of which there are many [examples] in the Talmud, [e.g.] (Shab. 50b): “he inserted it (דָּצָהּ) and pulled it out;” and (Chul. 93b): “If he thrust (דָץ) something into it.” [The word] דָּצָהּ is like דְּעָצָהּ, but it is a contracted form.		וַיַּצֵּג: תַּרְגּוּמוֹ וְדָעִיץ, לְשׁוֹן תְּחִיבָה וּנְעִיצָה הוּא בִלְשׁוֹן אֲרַמִּי, וְהַרְבֵּה יֵשׁ בַּתַּלְמוּד דָּצָהּ וּשְׁלָפָהּ, דָּץ בֵּיהּ מִידֵי, דָּצָהּ כְּמוֹ דְעָצָהּ, אֶלָּא שֶׁמְּקַצֵּר אֶת לְשׁוֹנוֹ:
into the gutters: Where the water was running, in pools made in the ground in which to water the flocks. — [from Mishnath Rabbi Eliezer, ch. 7]		בָּֽרְהָטִים: בִּמְרוּצוֹת הַמַּיִם, בַּבְּרֵכוֹת הָעֲשׂוּיוֹת בָּאָרֶץ לְהַשְׁקוֹת שָׁם הַצֹּאן:
where…would come, etc.: In the gutters where the animals would come to drink, he thrust the rods opposite the animals. — [from Targumim]		אֲשֶׁר תָּבֹאןָ וגו': בָּרְהָטִים אֲשֶׁר תָּבֹאנָה הַצֹּאן לִשְׁתּוֹת שָׁם הִצִּיג הַמַּקְלוֹת לְנֹכַח הַצֹּאן:
and they would come into heat, etc.: (Gen. Rabbah 73:10) The animal would see the rods, and she would be startled backwards. Then the male would mount her and she would give birth to offspring similar to him. Rabbi Hoshaya says: The water would become sperm in their innards, and they did not require a male, and that is the meaning of וַיֵחַמְנָה וגוֹ. (I.e, in this word, there is a combination of masculine and feminine forms, as mentioned by Rabbi Abraham Ibn Ezra.)		וַיֵּחַמְנָה: הַבְּהֵמָה רוֹאָה אֶת הַמַּקְלוֹת וְהִיא נִרְתַּעַת לַאֲחוֹרֶיהָ וְהַזָּכָר רוֹבְעָהּ וְיוֹלֶדֶת כַּיּוֹצֵא בוֹ. רַבִּי הוֹשַׁעְיָה אוֹמֵר, הַמַּיִם נַעֲשִׂין זֶרַע בִּמְעֵיהֶן וְלֹא הָיוּ צְרִיכוֹת לְזָכָר, וְזֶהוּ וַיֵּחַמְנָה וְגוֹ' (בראשית רבה):
39And the flocks came into heat by the rods, and the animals bore ringed, spotted, and striped [young].		לטוַיֶּֽחֱמ֥וּ הַצֹּ֖אן אֶל־הַמַּקְל֑וֹת וַתֵּלַ֣דְןָ הַצֹּ֔אן עֲקֻדִּ֥ים נְקֻדִּ֖ים וּטְלֻאִֽים:
by the rods: At the sight of the rods.		אֶל־הַמַּקְלוֹת: אֶל מַרְאוֹת הַמַּקְלוֹת:
ringed: Unusual in the place where they are bound. Those are the joints of their forelegs and hind legs.		עֲקֻדִּים: מְשֻׁנִּים בִּמְקוֹם עֲקִידָתָם, הֵם קַרְסֻלֵּי יְדֵיהֶם וְרַגְלֵיהֶם:
40And Jacob separated the sheep, and he turned the faces of the animals toward the ringed one[s] and every brown one among Laban's animals, and he made himself flocks by himself, and he did not place them with Laban's animals.		מוְהַכְּשָׂבִים֘ הִפְרִ֣יד יַֽעֲקֹב֒ וַ֠יִּתֵּ֠ן פְּנֵ֨י הַצֹּ֧אן אֶל־עָקֹ֛ד וְכָל־ח֖וּם בְּצֹ֣אן לָבָ֑ן וַיָּ֨שֶׁת ל֤וֹ עֲדָרִים֙ לְבַדּ֔וֹ וְלֹ֥א שָׁתָ֖ם עַל־צֹ֥אן לָבָֽן:
And Jacob separated the sheep: Those born ringed or speckled he divided and separated for himself, and he made them [in a formation of] each flock separately, and he led the ringed flock ahead of the [ordinary] animals, and the faces of the animals following them gazed at them. This is what Scripture says [further]: “and he turned the faces of the animals toward the ringed one[s],” that the faces of the animals were directed toward the ringed ones and toward every brown one that he found in Laban’s flocks.		וְהַכְּשָׂבִים הִפְרִיד יַֽעֲקֹב: הַנּוֹלָדִים עֲקוּדִים נְקֻדִּים הִבְדִיל וְהִפְרִישׁ לְעַצְמָן וְעָשָׂה אוֹתָן עֵדֶר עֵדֶר לְבַדּוֹ, וְהוֹלִיךְ אוֹתוֹ הָעֵדֶר הָעָקוּד לִפְנֵי הַצֹּאן, וּפְנֵי הַצֹּאן הַהוֹלְכִים אַחֲרֵיהֶם צוֹפוֹת אֲלֵיהֶם; וְזֶהוּ שֶׁאָמַר וַיִּתֵּן פְּנֵי הַצֹּאן אֶל עָקֹד, שֶׁהָיוּ פְנֵי הַצֹּאן אֶל הָעֲקוּדִים, וְאֶל כָּל חוּם שֶׁמָּצָא בְּצֹאן לָבָן:
and he made himself flocks: As I explained.		וַיָּשֶׁת לוֹ עֲדָרִים: כְּמוֹ שֶׁפֵּרַשְׁתִּי:
41And it came to pass, that whenever the animals that were bearing their first would come into heat, Jacob would place the rods in the troughs, before the eyes of the animals, [in order] to bring them into heat by [means of] the rods.		מאוְהָיָ֗ה בְּכָל־יַחֵם֘ הַצֹּ֣אן הַֽמְקֻשָּׁרוֹת֒ וְשָׂ֨ם יַֽעֲקֹ֧ב אֶת־הַמַּקְל֛וֹת לְעֵינֵ֥י הַצֹּ֖אן בָּֽרְהָטִ֑ים לְיַחֲמֵ֖נָּה בַּמַּקְלֽוֹת:
that were bearing their first: הַמְקֻשָּׁרוֹת. [To be interpreted] according to the Targum: Those who were giving birth to their first, but [for this interpretation] there is no evidence in Scripture. (Machbereth Menachem p. 160), however, associated it with (II Sam. 15:31): “Ahithophel is among the conspirators (בַּקּוֹשְׁרִים);” (ibid. 12): “And the conspiracy (הַקֶּשֶׁר) was strong.” Those who bind themselves together to hasten their conception.		הַֽמְקֻשָּׁרוֹת: כְּתַרְגּוּמוֹ הַבַּכִּירוֹת, וְאֵין לִי עֵד בַּמִּקְרָא; וּמְנַחֵם חִבְּרוֹ עִם אֲחִיתֹפֶל בַּקֹּשְׁרִים (שמואל ב ט"ו), וַיְהִי הַקֶּשֶׁר אַמִּץ (שם), אוֹתָן הַמִּתְקַשְּׁרוֹת יַחַד לְמַהֵר עִבּוּרָן:
42But if the animals would delay, he would not place them, so that the ones that delayed were Laban's, and the ones that bore their first became Jacob's.		מבוּבְהַֽעֲטִ֥יף הַצֹּ֖אן לֹ֣א יָשִׂ֑ים וְהָיָ֤ה הָֽעֲטֻפִים֙ לְלָבָ֔ן וְהַקְּשֻׁרִ֖ים לְיַֽעֲקֹֽב:
But if…would delay: Heb. וּבְהַעִטִיף, a term denoting delay, as the Targum renders וּבְלַקְשׁוּת, but Menachem (Machbereth Menachem p. 132) associated it with (Isa. 3:22): “the tunics and the wraps (וְהַמַּעִטָפוֹת),” a term denoting a wrap, meaning that they enwrapped themselves in their skin and their wool, and they did not desire to come into heat through the males.		וּבְהַֽעֲטִיף: לְשׁוֹן אִחוּר, כְּתַרְגּוּמוֹ וּבְלַקִּישׁוּת. וּמְנַחֵם חִבְּרוֹ עִם הַמַּחֲלָצוֹת וְהַמַּעֲטָפוֹת (ישעיהו ג'), לְשׁוֹן עֲטִיפַת כְּסוּת, כְּלוֹמַר מִתְעַטְּפוֹת בְּעוֹרָן וְצַמְרָן וְאֵינָן מִתְאַוּוֹת לְהִתְיַחֵם עַל יְדֵי הַזְּכָרִים:
43And the man became exceedingly wealthy, and he had prolific animals, and maidservants and manservants, and camels and donkeys.		מגוַיִּפְרֹ֥ץ הָאִ֖ישׁ מְאֹ֣ד מְאֹ֑ד וַֽיְהִי־לוֹ֙ צֹ֣אן רַבּ֔וֹת וּשְׁפָחוֹת֙ וַֽעֲבָדִ֔ים וּגְמַלִּ֖ים וַֽחֲמֹרִֽים:
prolific animals: Heb רַבּוֹת. They were fruitful and multiplied more than other animals. — [from Tanchuma Buber, Vayetze 24]		צֹאן רַבּוֹת: פָּרוֹת וְרָבוֹת מִשְּׁאָר צֹאן:
and maidservants and manservants: He would sell his animals at a high price and purchase all these for himself. — [from Gen. Rabbah 74:5]		וּשְׁפָחוֹת וַֽעֲבָדִים: מוֹכֵר צֹאנוֹ בְדָמִים יְקָרִים וְלוֹקֵחַ לוֹ כָּל אֵלֶּה:

Bereshit (Genesis) Chapter 31

1And he heard the words of Laban's sons, saying, "Jacob has taken all that belonged to our father, and from what belonged to our father, he has amassed this entire fortune."		אוַיִּשְׁמַ֗ע אֶת־דִּבְרֵ֤י בְנֵֽי־לָבָן֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר לָקַ֣ח יַֽעֲקֹ֔ב אֵ֖ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֣ר לְאָבִ֑ינוּ וּמֵֽאֲשֶׁ֣ר לְאָבִ֔ינוּ עָשָׂ֕ה אֵ֥ת כָּל־הַכָּבֹ֖ד הַזֶּֽה:
he has amassed: Heb. עָשָׂה, lit., made, acquired, like (I Sam. 14:48) “And he gathered (וַיַעַשׂ) an army, and he smote Amalek.”		עָשָׂה: כָּנַס, כְּמוֹ וַיַּעַשׂ חַיִל וַיַּךְ אֶת עֲמָלֵק (שמואל א י"ד):
2And Jacob saw Laban's countenance, that he was not disposed toward him as [he had been] yesterday and the day before.		בוַיַּ֥רְא יַֽעֲקֹ֖ב אֶת־פְּנֵ֣י לָבָ֑ן וְהִנֵּ֥ה אֵינֶ֛נּוּ עִמּ֖וֹ כִּתְמ֥וֹל שִׁלְשֽׁוֹם:
3And the Lord said to Jacob, "Return to the land of your forefathers and to your birthplace, and I will be with you."		גוַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהֹוָה֙ אֶל־יַֽעֲקֹ֔ב שׁ֛וּב אֶל־אֶ֥רֶץ אֲבוֹתֶ֖יךָ וּלְמֽוֹלַדְתֶּ֑ךָ וְאֶֽהְיֶ֖ה עִמָּֽךְ:
Return to the land of your forefathers: And there I will be with you, but as long as you are still attached to the unclean one, it is impossible to cause My presence to rest upon you. — [from Pirkei d’Rabbi Eliezer , ch. 36]		שׁוּב אֶל־אֶרֶץ אֲבוֹתֶיךָ: וְשָׁם אהיה עמך, אֲבָל בְּעוֹדְךָ מְחֻבָּר לַטָּמֵא אִי אֶפְשָׁר לְהַשְׁרוֹת שְׁכִינָתִי עָלֶיךָ (בראשית רבה):
4So Jacob sent and called Rachel and Leah to the field, to his flocks.		דוַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח יַֽעֲקֹ֔ב וַיִּקְרָ֖א לְרָחֵ֣ל וּלְלֵאָ֑ה הַשָּׂדֶ֖ה אֶל־צֹאנֽוֹ:
and called Rachel and Leah: First Rachel and then Leah, because she (Rachel) was the mainstay of the household, because, on her account, Jacob had joined Laban. Even Leah’s children acknowledged this matter, for Boaz and his tribunal of the tribe of Judah say, “like Rachel and like Leah, both of whom built, etc.” (Ruth 4:11). They place Rachel before Leah. — [from Tanchuma Buber, Vayetze 15]		וַיִּקְרָא לְרָחֵל וּלְלֵאָה: לְרָחֵל תְּחִלָּה וְאַחַר כָּךְ לְלֵאָה, שֶׁהִיא הָיְתָה עֲקֶרֶת הַבַּיִת שֶׁבִּשְׁבִילָהּ נִזְדַּוֵּג יַעֲקֹב עִם לָבָן, וְאַף בָּנֶיהָ שֶׁל לֵאָה מוֹדִים בַּדָּבָר, שֶׁהֲרֵי בֹּעַז וּבֵית דִּינוֹ מִשֵּׁבֶט יְהוּדָה אוֹמְרִים כְּרָחֵל וּכְלֵאָה אֲשֶׁר בָּנוּ שְׁתֵּיהֶם וְגוֹ' – הִקְדִּימוּ רָחֵל לְלֵאָה:
5And he said to them, "I see your father's countenance, that he is not disposed toward me [as he was] yesterday and the day before, but the God of my father was with me.		הוַיֹּ֣אמֶר לָהֶ֗ן רֹאֶ֤ה אָֽנֹכִי֙ אֶת־פְּנֵ֣י אֲבִיכֶ֔ן כִּֽי־אֵינֶ֥נּוּ אֵלַ֖י כִּתְמֹ֣ל שִׁלְשֹׁ֑ם וֵֽאלֹהֵ֣י אָבִ֔י הָיָ֖ה עִמָּדִֽי:
6And you know that with all my might I served your father.		ווְאַתֵּ֖נָה יְדַעְתֶּ֑ן כִּ֚י בְּכָל־כֹּחִ֔י עָבַ֖דְתִּי אֶת־אֲבִיכֶֽן:
7But your father mocked me and changed my wages ten times, but God did not permit him to harm me.		זוַֽאֲבִיכֶן֙ הֵ֣תֶל בִּ֔י וְהֶֽחֱלִ֥ף אֶת־מַשְׂכֻּרְתִּ֖י עֲשֶׂ֣רֶת מֹנִ֑ים וְלֹֽא־נְתָנ֣וֹ אֱלֹהִ֔ים לְהָרַ֖ע עִמָּדִֽי:
ten times ten times: Heb. עִשֶׂרֶת מֹנִים. מֹנִים is not less than ten.		עֲשֶׂרֶת מֹנִים: אֵין מוֹנִים פָּחוֹת מֵעֲשָׂרָה:
ten times: Heb. מֹנִים, a term denoting the base number, which is ten. We learn that he (Laban) changed his stipulation a hundred times.		מֹנִים: לְשׁוֹן סְכוּם, כְּלַל הַחֶשְׁבּוֹן וְהֵן עֲשִׂירִיּוֹת; לָמַדְנוּ שֶׁהֶחֱלִיף תְּנָאוֹ ק' פְּעָמִים:
8If he would say thus, 'Speckled ones shall be your wages,' all the animals would bear speckled ones, and if he would say thus, 'Ringed ones shall be your wages,' all the animals would bear ringed ones.		חאִם־כֹּ֣ה יֹאמַ֗ר נְקֻדִּים֙ יִֽהְיֶ֣ה שְׂכָרֶ֔ךָ וְיָֽלְד֥וּ כָל־הַצֹּ֖אן נְקֻדִּ֑ים וְאִם־כֹּ֣ה יֹאמַ֗ר עֲקֻדִּים֙ יִֽהְיֶ֣ה שְׂכָרֶ֔ךָ וְיָֽלְד֥וּ כָל־הַצֹּ֖אן עֲקֻדִּֽים:
9Thus, God separated your father's livestock and gave it to me.		טוַיַּצֵּ֧ל אֱלֹהִ֛ים אֶת־מִקְנֵ֥ה אֲבִיכֶ֖ם וַיִּתֶּן־לִֽי:
10And it came to pass at the time the animals came into heat, that I lifted my eyes and saw in a dream, and behold, the he goats that mounted the animals were ringed, speckled, and striped.		יוַיְהִ֗י בְּעֵת֙ יַחֵ֣ם הַצֹּ֔אן וָֽאֶשָּׂ֥א עֵינַ֛י וָאֵ֖רֶא בַּֽחֲל֑וֹם וְהִנֵּ֤ה הָֽעֲתֻּדִים֙ הָֽעֹלִ֣ים עַל־הַצֹּ֔אן עֲקֻדִּ֥ים נְקֻדִּ֖ים וּבְרֻדִּֽים:
and behold, the he-goats: Although Laban had separated them all, so that the animals would not conceive their likeness, the angels were bringing them from the flock that had been given over into the hands of Laban’s sons to the flock that was in Jacob’s hands. — [from Gen. Rabbah 73:10]		וְהִנֵּה הָֽעֲתֻּדִים: אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהִבְדִּילָם לָבָן כֻּלָּם שֶׁלֹּא יִתְעַבְּרוּ הַצֹּאן דֻּגְמָתָן, הָיוּ הַמַּלְאָכִים מְבִיאִין אוֹתָן מֵעֵדֶר הַמָּסוּר בְּיַד בְּנֵי לָבָן לָעֵדֶר שֶׁבְּיַד יַעֲקֹב (בראשית רבה):
and striped: Heb. וּבְרֻדָּים [To be explained] as the Targum renders: וּפְצִיחִין and open, faissie in Old French, striped. A white thread encircles his body all around, and its stripes are open and penetrating from one to the other, but I have no evidence from Scripture.		וּבְרֻדִּֽים: כְּתַרְגּוּמוֹ וּפַצִּיחִין, פייש"יר בְּלַעַ"ז, חוּט שֶׁל לָבָן מַקִּיף אֶת גּוּפוֹ סָבִיב, חֲבַרְבּוּרוֹת שֶׁלּוֹ פְתוּחָה וּמְפֻלֶּשֶׁת מִזּוֹ אֶל זוֹ; וְאֵין לְהָבִיא עֵד מִן הַמִּקְרָא:
11And an angel of God said to me in a dream, 'Jacob!' And I said, 'Here I am.'		יאוַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֵלַ֜י מַלְאַ֧ךְ הָֽאֱלֹהִ֛ים בַּֽחֲל֖וֹם יַֽעֲקֹ֑ב וָֽאֹמַ֖ר הִנֵּֽנִי:
12And he said, 'Now lift your eyes and see [that] all the he goats mounting the animals are ringed, speckled, and striped, for I have seen all that Laban is doing to you.		יבוַיֹּ֗אמֶר שָׂא־נָ֨א עֵינֶ֤יךָ וּרְאֵה֙ כָּל־הָֽעֲתֻּדִים֙ הָֽעֹלִ֣ים עַל־הַצֹּ֔אן עֲקֻדִּ֥ים נְקֻדִּ֖ים וּבְרֻדִּ֑ים כִּ֣י רָאִ֔יתִי אֵ֛ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר לָבָ֖ן עֹ֥שֶׂה לָּֽךְ:
13I am the God of Beth el, where you anointed a monument, where you pronounced to Me a vow. Now, arise, go forth from this land and return to the land of your birth.'"		יגאָֽנֹכִ֤י הָאֵל֙ בֵּֽית־אֵ֔ל אֲשֶׁ֨ר מָשַׁ֤חְתָּ שָּׁם֙ מַצֵּבָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר נָדַ֥רְתָּ לִּ֛י שָׁ֖ם נֶ֑דֶר עַתָּ֗ה ק֥וּם צֵא֙ מִן־הָאָ֣רֶץ הַזֹּ֔את וְשׁ֖וּב אֶל־אֶ֥רֶץ מֽוֹלַדְתֶּֽךָ:
I am the God of Beth-el: Heb. הָאֵל בֵּית-אֵל, like אֵל בֵּית-אֵל. The “hey” is superfluous, and it is the way of the Scriptures to speak this way, like “For you are coming to the land of (הָאָרֶץ) Canaan” (Num. 34:2).		הָאֵל בֵּֽית־אֵל: כְּמוֹ אֵל בֵּית אֵל, הַהֵ"א יְתֵרָה, וְדֶרֶךְ מִקְרָאוֹת לְדַבֵּר כֵּן, כְּמוֹ כִּי אַתֶּם בָּאִים אֶל הָאָרֶץ כְּנָעַן (במדבר ל"ד):
where you anointed: This is an expression of grandeur and greatness, just as one is anointed king. So [is the meaning of] “and he poured oil on top of it” (above, 28:18), to be anointed as an altar. — [following Targum Jonathan ben Uzziel]		מָשַׁחְתָּ שָּׁם: לְ' רִבּוּי וּגְדֻלָּה כְּשֶׁנִּמְשָׁח לַמַּלְכוּת, כָּךְ וַיִּצֹק שֶׁמֶן עַל רֹאשָׁהּ – לִהְיוֹת מְשׁוּחָה לְמִזְבֵּחַ:
where you pronounced to Me a vow: And you must pay it up, for you said, “it shall be the house of God” (Gen. 28:22), that you would offer up sacrifices there. — [from Pirkei d’Rabbi Eliezer, ch. 35]		אֲשֶׁר נָדַרְתָּ לִּי: וְצָרִיךְ אַתָּה לְשַׁלְּמוֹ, שֶׁאָמַרְתָּ יִהְיֶה בֵּית אֱלֹהִים, שֶׁתַּקְרִיב שָׁם קָרְבָּנוֹת:
14And Rachel and Leah replied and said to him, "Do we still have a share or an inheritance in our father's house?		ידוַתַּ֤עַן רָחֵל֨ וְלֵאָ֔ה וַתֹּאמַ֖רְנָה ל֑וֹ הַע֥וֹד לָ֛נוּ חֵ֥לֶק וְנַֽחֲלָ֖ה בְּבֵ֥ית אָבִֽינוּ:
Do we still have: Why should we stop you from returning? Do we still hope to inherit anything of our father’s property among the males?		הַעוֹד לָנוּ: לָמָּה נְעַכֵּב עַל יָדְךָ מִלָּשׁוּב? כְּלוּם אָנוּ מְיַחֲלוֹת לִירַשׁ מִנִּכְסֵי אָבִינוּ כְּלוּם בֵּין הַזְּכָרִים:
15Are we not considered by him as strangers, for he sold us and also consumed our money?		טוהֲל֧וֹא נָכְרִיּ֛וֹת נֶחְשַׁ֥בְנוּ ל֖וֹ כִּ֣י מְכָרָ֑נוּ וַיֹּ֥אכַל גַּם־אָכ֖וֹל אֶת־כַּסְפֵּֽנוּ:
Are we not considered by him as strangers: Even at a time when people usually give a dowry to their daughters, viz. at the time of marriage, he behaved toward us as [one behaves toward] strangers, for he sold us to you (for you served him fourteen years for us, and he gave us to you only) as wages for labor.		הלא נָכְרִיּוֹת נֶחְשַׁבְנוּ לוֹ: אֲפִלּוּ בְשָׁעָה שֶׁדֶּרֶךְ בְּנֵי אָדָם לָתֵת נְדוּנְיָה לִבְנוֹתָיו – בִּשְׁעַת נִשּׂוּאִין – נָהַג עִמָּנוּ כְּנָכְרִיּוֹת, כִּי מְכָרָנוּ לְךָ בִּשְׂכַר הַפְּעֻלָּה:
our money: For he kept the wages for your labor.		אֶת־כַּסְפֵּֽנוּ: שֶׁעִכֵּב דְּמֵי שְׂכַר פְּעֻלָּתְךָ:
16But all the wealth that God separated from our father is ours and our children's. So now, all that God said to you, do."		טזכִּ֣י כָל־הָעֹ֗שֶׁר אֲשֶׁ֨ר הִצִּ֤יל אֱלֹהִים֙ מֵֽאָבִ֔ינוּ לָ֥נוּ ה֖וּא וּלְבָנֵ֑ינוּ וְעַתָּ֗ה כֹּל֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר אָמַ֧ר אֱלֹהִ֛ים אֵלֶ֖יךָ עֲשֵֽׂה:
But all the wealth: Heb. כִּי. This כִּי here means“but.” That is, we have nothing of our father’s, but what the Holy One, blessed be He, separated from our father is ours.		כִּי כָל־הָעֹשֶׁר: כִּי זֶה מְשַׁמֵּשׁ בִּלְשׁוֹן אֶלָּא; כְּלוֹמַר, מִשֶּׁל אָבִינוּ אֵין לָנוּ כְּלוּם, אֶלָּא מַה שֶּׁהִצִּיל הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא מֵאָבִינוּ שֶׁלָּנוּ הוּא:
separated: Heb. הִצִיל, a term meaning that he separated, and so every expression of הַצָלָה in Scripture means separation, that one separates another from harm or from the enemy.		הִצִּיל: לְשׁוֹן הִפְרִישׁ, וְכֵן כָּל לְשׁוֹן הַצָּלָה שֶׁבַּמִּקְרָא לְשׁוֹן הַפְרָשָׁה, שֶׁמַּפְרִישׁוֹ מִן הָרָעָה וּמִן הָאוֹיֵב:

Sixth Portion

Bereshit (Genesis) Chapter 31

17So Jacob rose, and he lifted up his sons and his wives upon the camels.		יזוַיָּ֖קָם יַֽעֲקֹ֑ב וַיִּשָּׂ֛א אֶת־בָּנָ֥יו וְאֶת־נָשָׁ֖יו עַל־הַגְּמַלִּֽים:
his sons and his wives: He put the males before the females, but Esau put the females before the males, as it is said (below, 36:6): “And Esau took his wives and his sons, etc.” - [from Gen. Rabbah 74:5].		אֶת־בָּנָיו וְאֶת־נָשָׁיו: הִקְדִּים זְכָרִים לִנְקֵבוֹת, וְעֵשָׂו הִקְדִּים נְקֵבוֹת לִזְכָרִים, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר וַיִּקַּח עֵשָׂו אֶת נָשָׁיו וְאֶת בָּנָיו וְגוֹמֵר:
18And he led all his livestock and all his possessions that he had acquired, the purchase of his acquisition, which he had acquired in Padan aram, to come to Isaac his father, to the land of Canaan.		יחוַיִּנְהַ֣ג אֶת־כָּל־מִקְנֵ֗הוּ וְאֶת־כָּל־רְכֻשׁוֹ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר רָכָ֔שׁ מִקְנֵה֙ קִנְיָנ֔וֹ אֲשֶׁ֥ר רָכַ֖שׁ בְּפַדַּ֣ן אֲרָ֑ם לָב֛וֹא אֶל־יִצְחָ֥ק אָבִ֖יו אַ֥רְצָה כְּנָֽעַן:
the purchase of his acquisition: What he had purchased from [the sale of] his animals, viz. manservants, maidservants, camels, and donkeys. — [from Gen. Rabbah 74:5]		מִקְנֵה קִנְיָנוֹ: מַה שֶּׁקָּנָה מִצֹּאנוֹ, עֲבָדִים וּשְׁפָחוֹת וּגְמַלִּים וַחֲמוֹרִים:
19Now Laban had gone to shear his sheep, and [meanwhile] Rachel stole her father's teraphim.		יטוְלָבָ֣ן הָלַ֔ךְ לִגְזֹ֖ז אֶת־צֹאנ֑וֹ וַתִּגְנֹ֣ב רָחֵ֔ל אֶת־הַתְּרָפִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר לְאָבִֽיהָ:
to shear his sheep: that he had given into the hands of his sons, a journey of three days between him and Jacob.		לגזוז אֶת־צֹאנוֹ: שֶׁנָּתַן בְּיַד בָּנָיו דֶּרֶךְ שְׁלֹשֶׁת יָמִים בֵּינוֹ וּבֵין יַעֲקֹב:
and [meanwhile] Rachel stole her father’s teraphim: She intended to separate her father from idolatry. — [from Gen. Rabbah 74: 5]		וַתִּגְנֹב רָחֵל אֶת־הַתְּרָפִים: לְהַפְרִישׁ אֶת אָבִיהָ מֵעֲבוֹדָה זָרָה נִתְכַּוְּנָה (בראשית רבה):
20And Jacob concealed from Laban the Aramean by not telling him that he was fleeing.		כוַיִּגְנֹ֣ב יַֽעֲקֹ֔ב אֶת־לֵ֥ב לָבָ֖ן הָֽאֲרַמִּ֑י עַל־בְּלִי֙ הִגִּ֣יד ל֔וֹ כִּ֥י בֹרֵ֖חַ הֽוּא:
21So he and all that were his fled, and he arose and crossed the river, and he directed his face toward Mount Gilead.		כאוַיִּבְרַ֥ח הוּא֙ וְכָל־אֲשֶׁר־ל֔וֹ וַיָּ֖קָם וַיַּֽעֲבֹ֣ר אֶת־הַנָּהָ֑ר וַיָּ֥שֶׂם אֶת־פָּנָ֖יו הַ֥ר הַגִּלְעָֽד:
22On the third day, Laban was informed that Jacob had fled.		כבוַיֻּגַּ֥ד לְלָבָ֖ן בַּיּ֣וֹם הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֑י כִּ֥י בָרַ֖ח יַֽעֲקֹֽב:
On the third day: For there was a three-day journey between them.		בַּיּוֹם הַשְּׁלִישִׁי: שֶׁהֲרֵי דֶּרֶךְ שְׁלֹשֶׁת יָמִים הָיָה בֵינֵיהֶם:
23So he took his kinsmen with him, and he pursued him seven days' journey, and he overtook him at Mount Gilead.		כגוַיִּקַּ֤ח אֶת־אֶחָיו֙ עִמּ֔וֹ וַיִּרְדֹּ֣ף אַֽחֲרָ֔יו דֶּ֖רֶךְ שִׁבְעַ֣ת יָמִ֑ים וַיַּדְבֵּ֥ק אֹת֖וֹ בְּהַ֥ר הַגִּלְעָֽד:
his kinsmen: Heb. אֶחָיו, lit., his brothers, his kinsmen.		אֶת־אֶחָיו: קְרוֹבָיו:
seven-days’ journey: All those three days [during the time] the reporter went to tell Laban, Jacob went on his way. We find that Jacob was six days distant from Laban, and on the seventh day, Laban overtook him. We find that the entire distance that Jacob had traversed in seven days, Laban traversed in one day (as it is said: “and he pursued him seven-days’ journey,” but it does not say: “and he pursued him seven days.”) - [from Gen. Rabbah 74:6]		דֶּרֶךְ שִׁבְעַת יָמִים: כָּל אוֹתָן ג' יָמִים שֶׁהָלַךְ הַמַּגִּיד לְהַגִּיד לְלָבָן הָלַךְ יַעֲקֹב לְדַרְכּוֹ, נִמְצָא, יַעֲקֹב רָחוֹק מִלָּבָן שִׁשָּׁה יָמִים, וּבַשְּׁבִיעִי הִשִּׂיגוֹ לָבָן. לָמַדְנוּ שֶׁכָּל מַה שֶּׁהָלַךְ יַעֲקֹב בְּשִׁבְעָה יָמִים הָלַךְ לָבָן בְּיוֹם אֶחָד (שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר וַיִּרְדֹּף אַחֲרָיו דֶּרֶךְ שִׁבְעַת יָמִים, וְלֹא נֶאֱמַר וַיִרְדֹּף אַחֲרָיו שִׁבְעַת יָמִים):
24And God came to Laban the Aramean in a dream of the night, and He said to him, "Beware lest you speak with Jacob either good or evil."		כדוַיָּבֹ֧א אֱלֹהִ֛ים אֶל־לָבָ֥ן הָֽאֲרַמִּ֖י בַּֽחֲלֹ֣ם הַלָּ֑יְלָה וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ל֗וֹ הִשָּׁ֧מֶר לְךָ֛ פֶּן־תְּדַבֵּ֥ר עִם־יַֽעֲקֹ֖ב מִטּ֥וֹב עַד־רָֽע:
either good or evil: All the good of the wicked is considered evil to the righteous. — [from Yev. 103]		מִטּוֹב עַד־רָֽע: כָּל טוֹבָתָן שֶׁל רְשָׁעִים רָעָה הִיא אֵצֶל הַצַּדִּיקִים (יבמות ק"ג):
25And Laban overtook Jacob, and Jacob pitched his tent on the mountain, and Laban pitched with his kinsmen on Mount Gilead.		כהוַיַּשֵּׂ֥ג לָבָ֖ן אֶת־יַֽעֲקֹ֑ב וְיַֽעֲקֹ֗ב תָּקַ֤ע אֶת־אָֽהֳלוֹ֙ בָּהָ֔ר וְלָבָ֛ן תָּקַ֥ע אֶת־אֶחָ֖יו בְּהַ֥ר הַגִּלְעָֽד:
26And Laban said to Jacob, "What have you done, that you concealed from me, and led away my daughters like prisoners of war?		כווַיֹּ֤אמֶר לָבָן֙ לְיַֽעֲקֹ֔ב מֶ֣ה עָשִׂ֔יתָ וַתִּגְנֹ֖ב אֶת־לְבָבִ֑י וַתְּנַהֵג֙ אֶת־בְּנֹתַ֔י כִּשְׁבֻי֖וֹת חָֽרֶב:
like prisoners of war: lit., like captives of a sword. Every army that goes to war is called חָרֶב, sword.		כִּשְׁבֻיוֹת חָֽרֶב: כָּל חַיִל הַבָּא לַמִּלְחָמָה קָרוּי חֶרֶב:
27Why have you fled secretly, and concealed from me, and not told me? I would have sent you away with joy and with songs, and with drum and with harp.		כזלָ֤מָּה נַחְבֵּ֨אתָ֙ לִבְרֹ֔חַ וַתִּגְנֹ֖ב אֹתִ֑י וְלֹֽא־הִגַּ֣דְתָּ לִּ֔י וָֽאֲשַׁלֵּֽחֲךָ֛ בְּשִׂמְחָ֥ה וּבְשִׁרִ֖ים בְּתֹ֥ף וּבְכִנּֽוֹר:
and concealed from me: [lit., you stole me, meaning] you concealed from me.		וַתִּגְנֹב אֹתִי: גָּנַבְתָּ אֶת דַּעְתִּי:
28And you did not allow me to kiss my sons and daughters. Now, you have acted foolishly.		כחוְלֹ֣א נְטַשְׁתַּ֔נִי לְנַשֵּׁ֥ק לְבָנַ֖י וְלִבְנֹתָ֑י עַתָּ֖ה הִסְכַּ֥לְתָּ עֲשֽׂוֹ:
29I have the power to inflict harm upon you, but the God of your father spoke to me last night, saying, 'Beware of speaking with Jacob either good or bad.'		כטיֶשׁ־לְאֵ֣ל יָדִ֔י לַֽעֲשׂ֥וֹת עִמָּכֶ֖ם רָ֑ע וֵֽאלֹהֵ֨י אֲבִיכֶ֜ם אֶ֣מֶשׁ \| אָמַ֧ר אֵלַ֣י לֵאמֹ֗ר הִשָּׁ֧מֶר לְךָ֛ מִדַּבֵּ֥ר עִם־יַֽעֲקֹ֖ב מִטּ֥וֹב עַד־רָֽע:
I have the power: There is strength and power in my hand to inflict harm upon you. Also, every אל that refers to the Deity means that He is mighty and has much strength.		יֶשׁ־לְאֵל יָדִי: יֵשׁ כֹּחַ וְחַיִל בְּיָדִי לַעֲשׂוֹת עִמָּכֶם רַע, וְכָל אֵל שֶׁהוּא לְ' קֹדֶש עַל שֵׁם עִזּוּז וְרֹב אוֹנִים הוּא:
30But now, you have gone away, for you longed for your father's house, [but]why have you stolen my gods?"		לוְעַתָּה֙ הָלֹ֣ךְ הָלַ֔כְתָּ כִּֽי־נִכְסֹ֥ף נִכְסַ֖פְתָּה לְבֵ֣ית אָבִ֑יךָ לָ֥מָּה גָנַ֖בְתָּ אֶת־אֱלֹהָֽי:
you longed: You wished. There are many words in Scripture (Ps. 84:3): “My soul yearns, yea, yea, it pines” ; (Job:14:15) “You desire the work of Your hands.”		נִכְסַפְתָּה: חָמַדְתָּ, וְהַרְבֵּה יֵשׁ בַּמִּקְרָא, נִכְסְפָה וְגַם כָּלְתָה נַפְשִׁי (תהילים פ"ד), לְמַעֲשֵׂה יָדֶיךָ תִכְסֹף (איוב י"ד):
31And Jacob replied, and he said to Laban, "Because I was afraid, because I said, 'Lest you steal your daughters from me.'		לאוַיַּ֥עַן יַֽעֲקֹ֖ב וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לְלָבָ֑ן כִּ֣י יָרֵ֔אתִי כִּ֣י אָמַ֔רְתִּי פֶּן־תִּגְזֹ֥ל אֶת־בְּנוֹתֶ֖יךָ מֵֽעִמִּֽי:
Because I was afraid, etc: He answered him the first [question] first, that he said to him (verse 26), “and you led away my daughters, etc.” - [from Avoth d’Rabbi Nathan , 37:11-13]		כִּי יָרֵאתִי וגו': הֱשִׁיבוֹ עַל רִאשׁוֹן רִאשׁוֹן, שֶׁאָמַר לוֹ, וַתְּנַהֵג אֶת בְּנֹתַי וְגוֹ':
32The one with whom you find your gods shall not live. In the presence of our brothers, recognize for yourself what is with me, and take [it] for yourself." For Jacob did not know that Rachel had stolen them.		לבעִ֠ם אֲשֶׁ֨ר תִּמְצָ֣א אֶת־אֱלֹהֶ֘יךָ֘ לֹ֣א יִֽחְיֶה֒ נֶ֣גֶד אַחֵ֧ינוּ הַכֶּר־לְךָ֛ מָ֥ה עִמָּדִ֖י וְקַח־לָ֑ךְ וְלֹֽא־יָדַ֣ע יַֽעֲקֹ֔ב כִּ֥י רָחֵ֖ל גְּנָבָֽתַם:
shall not live: And from that curse, Rachel died on the way (Gen. Rabbah 74:4).		לֹא יִֽחְיֶה: וּמֵאוֹתָהּ קְלָלָה מֵתָה רָחֵל בַּדֶּרֶךְ (בראשית רבה)
what is with me: of yours. — [from Targum Jonathan]		מָה עִמָּדִי: מִשֶּׁלְּךָ:
33So Laban entered Jacob's tent and Leah's tent and the tent[s] of the two handmaids, but he did not find [them]; and he had come out of Leah's tent and entered Rachel's tent.		לגוַיָּבֹ֨א לָבָ֜ן בְּאֹֽהֶל־יַֽעֲקֹ֣ב \| וּבְאֹ֣הֶל לֵאָ֗ה וּבְאֹ֛הֶל שְׁתֵּ֥י הָֽאֲמָהֹ֖ת וְלֹ֣א מָצָ֑א וַיֵּצֵא֙ מֵאֹ֣הֶל לֵאָ֔ה וַיָּבֹ֖א בְּאֹ֥הֶל רָחֵֽל:
Jacob’s tent: That is, Rachel’s tent, for Jacob was usually with her, and so Scripture states: (below, 46:19): “The sons of Rachel, Jacob’s wife.” In reference to all of them, however, it does not say, “Jacob’s wife.” - [from Gen. Rabbah 74:9]		בְּאֹֽהֶל־יַֽעֲקֹב: הוּא אֹהֶל רָחֵל, שֶׁהָיָה יַעֲקֹב תָּדִיר אֶצְלָהּ; וְכֵן הוּא אוֹמֵר בְּנֵי רָחֵל אֵשֶׁת יַעֲקֹב וּבְכֻּלָּן לֹא נֶאֱמַר אֵשֶׁת יַעֲקֹב:
and entered Rachel’s tent: when he came out of Leah’s tent, he went back into Rachel’s tent before he searched the tent[s] of the handmaids. Why [did he bother to do] all this? Because he was aware that she was one who touches everything. — [from Gen. Rabbah 74:9]		וַיָּבֹא בְּאֹֽהֶל־רָחֵֽל: כְּשֶׁיָּצָא מֵאֹהֶל לֵאָה חָזַר לוֹ לְאֹהֶל רָחֵל קֹדֶם שֶׁיְּחַפֵּשׂ בְּאֹהֶל הָאֲמָהוֹת, וְכָל כָּךְ לָמָּה? שֶׁהָיָה מַכִּיר בָּהּ שֶׁהִיא מַשְׁמְשָׁנִית:
34But Rachel had taken the teraphim and placed them into the camel saddle and sat upon them; so Laban felt about the entire tent but did not find [them].		לדוְרָחֵ֞ל לָֽקְחָ֣ה אֶת־הַתְּרָפִ֗ים וַתְּשִׂמֵ֛ם בְּכַ֥ר הַגָּמָ֖ל וַתֵּ֣שֶׁב עֲלֵיהֶ֑ם וַיְמַשֵּׁ֥שׁ לָבָ֛ן אֶת־כָּל־הָאֹ֖הֶל וְלֹ֥א מָצָֽא:
into the camel saddle: Heb. בְּכַר, an expression of pillows (כָּרִים) and cushions וּכְסָתוֹת, as the Targum renders: בָּעִבִיטָא דְגַמְלָא, which is a saddle, made like a pillow, and (in Eruvin 15b, 16a) we learned: “If they encircled it with pillows (עִבִיטִין).” These are the pack-saddles of the camels, bastel in French, pack-saddle.		בְּכַר הַגָּמָל: לְשׁוֹן כָּרִים וּכְסָתוֹת, כְּתַרְגּוּמוֹ בַּעֲבִיטָא דְגַמְלָא, וְהִיא מַרְדַּעַת הָעֲשׂוּיָה כְּמִין כַּר; וּבְעֵרוּבִין (דף ט"ז) שָׁנִינוּ הִקִּיפוּהָ בַּעֲבִיטִין, וְהֵן עֲבִיטֵי גְמַלִּים, בשט"ו בְּלַעַז:
35And she said to her father, "Let my lord not be annoyed, for I cannot rise before you, for the way of women is upon me." So he searched, but did not find the teraphim.		להוַתֹּ֣אמֶר אֶל־אָבִ֗יהָ אַל־יִ֨חַר֙ בְּעֵינֵ֣י אֲדֹנִ֔י כִּ֣י ל֤וֹא אוּכַל֙ לָק֣וּם מִפָּנֶ֔יךָ כִּי־דֶ֥רֶךְ נָשִׁ֖ים לִ֑י וַיְחַפֵּ֕שׂ וְלֹ֥א מָצָ֖א אֶת־הַתְּרָפִֽים:
36And Jacob was annoyed, and he quarreled with Laban, and he said to Laban, "What is my transgression? What is my sin, that you have pursued me?		לווַיִּ֥חַר לְיַֽעֲקֹ֖ב וַיָּ֣רֶב בְּלָבָ֑ן וַיַּ֤עַן יַֽעֲקֹב֙ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לְלָבָ֔ן מַה־פִּשְׁעִי֙ מַ֣ה חַטָּאתִ֔י כִּ֥י דָלַ֖קְתָּ אַֽחֲרָֽי:
that you have pursued: Heb. דָלַקְתָּ, you pursued, like (Lam. 4:19): “they chased us (דָּלָקֻנוּ) on the mountains,” and like (I Sam. 17:53):“from pursuing (מִדְּלוֹק) the Philistines.” - [from Targum Onkelos]		דָלַקְתָּ: רָדַפְתָּ, כְּמוֹ עַל הֶהָרִים דְּלָקֻנוּ (איכה ד'), וּכְמוֹ מִדְּלֹק אַחֲרֵי פְלִשְׁתִּים (שמואל א י"ז):
37For you have felt about all my things. What have you found of all the utensils of your house? Put it here, in the presence of my kinsmen and your kinsmen, and let them decide between the two of us.		לזכִּֽי־מִשַּׁ֣שְׁתָּ אֶת־כָּל־כֵּלַ֗י מַה־מָּצָ֨אתָ֙ מִכֹּ֣ל כְּלֵֽי־בֵיתֶ֔ךָ שִׂ֣ים כֹּ֔ה נֶ֥גֶד אַחַ֖י וְאַחֶ֑יךָ וְיוֹכִ֖יחוּ בֵּ֥ין שְׁנֵֽינוּ:
and let them decide: Let them clarify who is right, aprover in Old French, prove, clarify. — [from Targum Jonathan ben Uzziel]		וְיוֹכִיחוּ: וִיבָרְרוּ עִם מִי הַדִּין, אפרובי"ר בְּלַעַז:
38Already twenty years have I been with you, and your ewes and she goats have not aborted, neither have I eaten the rams of your flocks.		לחזֶה֩ עֶשְׂרִ֨ים שָׁנָ֤ה אָֽנֹכִי֙ עִמָּ֔ךְ רְחֵלֶ֥יךָ וְעִזֶּ֖יךָ לֹ֣א שִׁכֵּ֑לוּ וְאֵילֵ֥י צֹֽאנְךָ֖ לֹ֥א אָכָֽלְתִּי:
have not aborted: They have not aborted their fetuses, like: (Hos. 9:14): “a miscarrying (מַשְׁכִּיל) womb” (Job 21:10): “his cow bears young and does not abort (תְּשַׁכֵּל).”		לֹא שִׁכֵּלוּ: לֹא הִפִּילוּ עִבּוּרָם, כְּמוֹ רֶחֶם מַשְׁכִּיל (הושע ט'), תְּפַלֵּט פָּרָתוֹ וְלֹא תְשַׁכֵּל (איוב כ"א):
the rams of your flocks: From here they deduced that even a one-day-old ram is called a ram. Otherwise, what is his boast? He did not eat rams, but he ate lambs. If so, he is a thief. — [from B.K. 65b].		וְאֵילֵי צֹֽאנְךָ: מִכָּאן אָמְרוּ אַיִל בֶּן יוֹמוֹ קָרוּי אַיִל, שֶׁאִם לֹא כֵן, מַה שִּׁבְחוֹ? אֵלִים לֹא אָכַל, אֲבָל כְּבָשִׂים אָכַל, אִם כֵּן גַּזְלָן הוּא (בבא קמא ס"ה):
39I have not brought home to you anything torn [by other animals]; I would suffer its loss; from my hand you would demand it, what was stolen by day and what was stolen at night.		לטטְרֵפָה֙ לֹֽא־הֵבֵ֣אתִי אֵלֶ֔יךָ אָֽנֹכִ֣י אֲחַטֶּ֔נָּה מִיָּדִ֖י תְּבַקְשֶׁ֑נָּה גְּנֻֽבְתִ֣י י֔וֹם וּגְנֻֽבְתִ֖י לָֽיְלָה:
anything torn: By a lion or a wolf. — [from Targum Jonathan ben Uzziel]		טְרֵפָה: עַל יְדֵי אֲרִי וּזְאֵב:
I would suffer its loss: Heb. אִחַטֶּנָה, an expression similar to (Jud. 20:16): “and not miss (יַחֲטִיא);” (I Kings 1: 21): “My son Solomon and I will be lacking (חַטָּאִים).” I would suffer the loss; if it was missing, it was missing to me, for you would demand it from my hand.		אָֽנֹכִי אֲחַטֶּנָּה: לְשׁוֹן קֹלֵעַ בָּאֶבֶן אֶל הַשַּׂעֲרָה וְלֹא יַחֲטִא (שופטים כ'), אֲנִי וּבְנִי שְׁלֹמֹה חַטָּאִים (מלכים א א') – חֲסֵרִים, אָנֹכִי אַחְסְרֶנָּה, אִם חָסְרָה חָסְרָה לִי, שֶׁמִּיָּדִי תְּבַקְשֶׁנָּה:
I would suffer its loss: The Targum renders: דַּהִוַת שַׁגְיָא מִמִנְיָנָא, what was missing (נִפְקֶדֶת) and lacking from the count, like (Num. 31:49): “and no man was missing (נִפְקַד) from us,” which the Targum renders: לָא שְׁגָא.		אָֽנֹכִי אֲחַטֶּנָּה: תַּרְגּוּמוֹ דַּהַוַת שָׁגְיָא מִמִּנְיָנָא, שֶׁהָיתָה נִפְקֶדֶת וּמְחֻסֶּרֶת, כְּמוֹ וְלֹא נִפְקַד מִמֶּנּוּ אִישׁ (במדבר ל"א), תַּרְגּוּמוֹ לָא שְׁגָא):
what was stolen by day and what was stolen at night: לַיְלָה גְנֻבְתִי יוֹם וּגְנֻבְתִי, [similar to] גְנוּבַת יוֹם או ֹגְנוּבַת לַיְלָה, what was stolen by day and what was stolen at night, I paid all.		גְּנֻֽבְתִי יוֹם וּגְנֻֽבְתִי לָֽיְלָה: גְנוּבַת יוֹם אוֹ גְנוּבַת לַיְלָה, הַכֹּל שִׁלַּמְתִּי:
what was stolen: Heb. גְּנֻבְתִי Similar to (Lam. 1:1): “great (רַבָּתִי) among the nations, a princess (שָׂרָתִי) among the provinces;” (Isa. 1:21): “full (מְלֵאִתִי) of justice;” (Hos. 10:11): “that loves (אוֹהַבְתִּי) to thresh.”		גְּנֻֽבְתִי: כְּמוֹ רַבָּתִי בַגּוֹיִם שָׂרָתִי בַּמְּדִינוֹת (איכה א'), מְלֵאֲתִי מִשְׁפָּט (ישעיהו א') אֹהַבְתִּי לָדוּשׁ (הושע י'):
40I was [in the field] by day when the heat consumed me, and the frost at night, and my sleep wandered from my eyes.		מהָיִ֧יתִי בַיּ֛וֹם אֲכָלַ֥נִי חֹ֖רֶב וְקֶ֣רַח בַּלָּ֑יְלָה וַתִּדַּ֥ד שְׁנָתִ֖י מֵֽעֵינָֽי:
the heat consumed me: An expression of (Deut. 4:24): “a consuming (אֹכְלָה) fire.”		אֲכָלַנִי חֹרֶב: לְשׁוֹן אֵשׁ אֹכְלָה:
and the frost: Heb. וְקֶרַח, like (Ps. 147:17): “He hurls His ice (קַרְחוֹ).” The Targum renders: גְלִידא, ice, or frost.		וְקֶרַח: כְּמוֹ מַשְׁלִיךְ קַרְחוֹ (תהילים קמ"ז), תַּרְגּוּמוֹ גְּלִידָא:
my sleep: Heb. שְׁנָתִי. An expression of שֵׁנָה, sleep.		שְׁנָתִי: לְשׁוֹן שֵׁנָה:
41This is twenty years that I have spent in your house. I served you fourteen years for your two daughters and six years for your animals, and you changed my wages ten times.		מאזֶה־לִּ֞י עֶשְׂרִ֣ים שָׁנָה֘ בְּבֵיתֶ֒ךָ֒ עֲבַדְתִּ֜יךָ אַרְבַּע־עֶשְׂרֵ֤ה שָׁנָה֙ בִּשְׁתֵּ֣י בְנֹתֶ֔יךָ וְשֵׁ֥שׁ שָׁנִ֖ים בְּצֹאנֶ֑ךָ וַתַּֽחֲלֵ֥ף אֶת־מַשְׂכֻּרְתִּ֖י עֲשֶׂ֥רֶת מֹנִֽים:
and you changed my wages: You would change the stipulation between us from speckled to spotted and from ringed to striped.		וַתַּֽחֲלֵף אֶת־מַשְׂכֻּרְתִּי: הָיִיתָ מְשַׁנֶּה תְּנַאי שֶׁבֵּינֵינוּ, מִנָּקֹד לְטָלוּא, וּמֵעֲקוּדִים לִבְרֻדִּים:
42Had not the God of my father, the God of Abraham and the Fear of Isaac, been for me, you would now have sent me away empty handed. God has seen my affliction and the toil of my hands, and He reproved [you] last night."		מבלוּלֵ֡י אֱלֹהֵ֣י אָבִי֩ אֱלֹהֵ֨י אַבְרָהָ֜ם וּפַ֤חַד יִצְחָק֙ הָ֣יָה לִ֔י כִּ֥י עַתָּ֖ה רֵיקָ֣ם שִׁלַּחְתָּ֑נִי אֶת־עָנְיִ֞י וְאֶת־יְגִ֧יעַ כַּפַּ֛י רָאָ֥ה אֱלֹהִ֖ים וַיּ֥וֹכַח אָֽמֶשׁ:
and the Fear of Isaac: He did not wish to say, “the God of Isaac,” because the Holy One, blessed be He, does not associate His name with the righteous while they are alive. Although He said to him upon his departure from Beer-sheba (above, 28:13): “I am the Lord, the God of Abraham your father, and the God of Isaac,” since his eyes had become dim and a blind man is like a dead man, Jacob was afraid to say, “the God of,” and said, “and the Fear of.”		וּפַחַד יִצְחָק: לֹא רָצָה לוֹמַר אֱלֹהֵי יִצְחָק, שֶׁאֵין הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא מְיַחֵד שְׁמוֹ עַל הַצַּדִּיקִים בְּחַיֵּיהֶם, וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאָמַר לוֹ בְּצֵאתוֹ מִבְּאֵר שֶׁבַע אֲנִי ה' אֱלֹהֵי אַבְרָהָם אָבִיךָ וֵאלֹהֵי יִצְחָק, בִּשְׁבִיל שֶׁכָּהוּ עֵינָיו, וַהֲרֵי הוּא כַּמֵּת; יַעֲקֹב נִתְיָרֵא לוֹמַר אֱלֹהֵי, וְאָמַר וּפַחַד:
and He reproved [you] last night: Heb. וַיוֹכַח, an expression of reproof, but it is not an expression of clarification.		וַיּוֹכַח: לְשׁוֹן תּוֹכָחָה הוּא וְלֹא לְשׁוֹן הוֹכָחָה:

Seventh Portion

Bereshit (Genesis) Chapter 31

43And Laban answered and said to Jacob, "The daughters are my daughters, and the sons are my sons, and the animals are my animals, and all that you see is mine. Now, what would I do to these daughters of mine today, or to their children, whom they have borne?		מגוַיַּ֨עַן לָבָ֜ן וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֶל־יַֽעֲקֹ֗ב הַבָּנ֨וֹת בְּנֹתַ֜י וְהַבָּנִ֤ים בָּנַי֙ וְהַצֹּ֣אן צֹאנִ֔י וְכֹ֛ל אֲשֶׁר־אַתָּ֥ה רֹאֶ֖ה לִי־ה֑וּא וְלִבְנֹתַ֞י מָה־אֶֽעֱשֶׂ֤ה לָאֵ֨לֶּה֙ הַיּ֔וֹם א֥וֹ לִבְנֵיהֶ֖ן אֲשֶׁ֥ר יָלָֽדוּ:
Now, what would I do there?: How could I entertain the thought of harming them?		מָה־אֶֽעֱשֶׂה לָאֵלֶּה: אֵיךְ תַּעֲלֶה עַל לִבִּי לְהָרַע לָהֶן:
44So now, come, let us form a covenant, you and I, and may He be a witness between me and you."		מדוְעַתָּ֗ה לְכָ֛ה נִכְרְתָ֥ה בְרִ֖ית אֲנִ֣י וָאָ֑תָּה וְהָיָ֥ה לְעֵ֖ד בֵּינִ֥י וּבֵינֶֽךָ:
may He be a witness: [I.e.] the Holy One, blessed be He [will be a witness].		וְהָיָה לְעֵד: הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא:
45So Jacob took a stone and set it up [as] a monument.		מהוַיִּקַּ֥ח יַֽעֲקֹ֖ב אָ֑בֶן וַיְרִימֶ֖הָ מַצֵּבָֽה:
46And Jacob said to his kinsmen, "Gather stones," and they took stones and made a pile, and they ate there by the pile.		מווַיֹּ֨אמֶר יַֽעֲקֹ֤ב לְאֶחָיו֙ לִקְט֣וּ אֲבָנִ֔ים וַיִּקְח֥וּ אֲבָנִ֖ים וַיַּֽעֲשׂוּ־גָ֑ל וַיֹּ֥אכְלוּ שָׁ֖ם עַל־הַגָּֽל:
to his kinsmen: [lit., to his brothers.] They are his sons, who were to him like brothers, drawing near him for trouble or for war (Gen. Rabbah 74:13).		לְאֶחָיו: הֵם בָּנָיו שֶׁהָיוּ לוֹ אַחִים, נִגָּשִׁים אֵלָיו לְצָרָה וּלְמִלְחָמָה (בראשית רבה):
47And Laban called it Yegar Sahadutha, but Jacob called it Gal ed.		מזוַיִּקְרָא־ל֣וֹ לָבָ֔ן יְגַ֖ר שָֽׂהֲדוּתָ֑א וְיַ֣עֲקֹ֔ב קָ֥רָא ל֖וֹ גַּלְעֵֽד:
Yegar Sahadutha: The Aramaic translation of Gal-ed.		יְגַר שָֽׂהֲדוּתָא: תַּרְגּוּמוֹ שֶׁל גַּלְעֵד:
48And Laban said, "This pile is a witness between me and you today." Therefore, he called it Gal ed.		מחוַיֹּ֣אמֶר לָבָ֔ן הַגַּ֨ל הַזֶּ֥ה עֵ֛ד בֵּינִ֥י וּבֵֽינְךָ֖ הַיּ֑וֹם עַל־כֵּ֥ן קָֽרָא־שְׁמ֖וֹ גַּלְעֵֽד:
Therefore, he called it Gal-ed: The pile is a witness.		גלעד: גלעד:
49And Mizpah, because he said, "May the Lord look between me and you when we are hidden from each other.		מטוְהַמִּצְפָּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אָמַ֔ר יִ֥צֶף יְהֹוָ֖ה בֵּינִ֣י וּבֵינֶ֑ךָ כִּ֥י נִסָּתֵ֖ר אִ֥ישׁ מֵֽרֵעֵֽהוּ:
And Mizpah, because he said, etc.: And Mizpah, which is on Mount Gilead, as it is written (Jud. 11:29): “and he passed over Mizpeh of Gilead.” Now, why was it named Mizpah? Because each one said to the other, “May the Lord look (יִצֶף) between me and you if you transgress the covenant.”		וְהַמִּצְפָּה אֲשֶׁר אָמַר וגו': וְהַמִּצְפָּה אֲשֶׁר בְּהַר הַגִּלְעָד, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב וַיַּעֲבֹר אֶת מִצְפֵּה גִלְעָד (שופטים י"א), וְלָמָּה נִקְרֵאת שְׁמָהּ מִצְפָּה? לְפִי שֶׁאָמַר אֶחָד מֵהֶם לַחֲבֵרוֹ, יִצֶף ה' בֵּינִי וּבֵינֶךָ אִם תַּעֲבֹר אֶת הַבְּרִית:
when we are hidden: And we do not see each other.		כִּי נִסָּתֵר: וְלֹא נִרְאֶה אִישׁ אֶת רֵעֵהוּ:
50If you afflict my daughters, or if you take wives in addition to my daughters when no one is with us, behold! God is a witness between me and you."		נאִם־תְּעַנֶּ֣ה אֶת־בְּנֹתַ֗י וְאִם־תִּקַּ֤ח נָשִׁים֙ עַל־בְּנֹתַ֔י אֵ֥ין אִ֖ישׁ עִמָּ֑נוּ רְאֵ֕ה אֱלֹהִ֥ים עֵ֖ד בֵּינִ֥י וּבֵינֶֽךָ:
…my daughters…my daughters: Twice. Bilhah and Zilpah were also his daughters from a concubine. — [from Pirkei d’Rabbi Eliezer, ch. 36]		בְּנֹתַי בְּנֹתַי: שְׁתֵּי פְעָמִים, אַף בִּלְהָה וְזִלְפָּה בְּנוֹתָיו הָיוּ מִפִּילֶגֶשׁ:
If you afflict my daughters: By depriving them of their conjugal rights (Yoma 77).		אִם־תְּעַנֶּה אֶת־בְּנֹתַי: לִמְנֹע מֵהֶן עוֹנַת תַּשְׁמִישׁ (יומא ע"ז):
51And Laban said to Jacob, "Behold this pile and behold this monument, which I have cast between me and you.		נאוַיֹּ֥אמֶר לָבָ֖ן לְיַֽעֲקֹ֑ב הִנֵּ֣ה \| הַגַּ֣ל הַזֶּ֗ה וְהִנֵּה֙ הַמַּצֵּבָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר יָרִ֖יתִי בֵּינִ֥י וּבֵינֶֽךָ:
which I have cast: Heb. יָרִיתִי, similar to (Exod. 15:4): “He cast (יָרָה) into the sea,” like one who shoots an arrow. — [from Gen. Rabbah 74:15]		יָרִיתִי: כְּמוֹ יָרָה בַיָּם, כְּזֶה שֶׁהוּא יוֹרֶה הַחֵץ:
52This pile is a witness, and this monument is a witness, that I will not pass this pile [to go] to you and that you shall not pass this pile and this monument to [come to] me to [do] harm.		נבעֵ֚ד הַגַּ֣ל הַזֶּ֔ה וְעֵדָ֖ה הַמַּצֵּבָ֑ה אִם־אָ֗נִי לֹא־אֶֽעֱבֹ֤ר אֵלֶ֨יךָ֙ אֶת־הַגַּ֣ל הַזֶּ֔ה וְאִם־אַ֠תָּ֠ה לֹא־תַֽעֲבֹ֨ר אֵלַ֜י אֶת־הַגַּ֥ל הַזֶּ֛ה וְאֶת־הַמַּצֵּבָ֥ה הַזֹּ֖את לְרָעָֽה:
that I: Heb. אִם. Here אִם is used as an expression of אִשֶׁר, that, like (above 24:33): “until (אִם) I have spoken my words.”		אִם־אָנִי: הֲרֵי אִם מְשַׁמֵּשׁ בִּלְשׁוֹן אֲשֶׁר, כְּמוֹ עַד אִם דִּבַּרְתִּי דְּבָרָי:
to [do] harm: To do harm you may not pass, but you may pass to do business. — [from Gen. Rabbah 74:15]		לְרָעָֽה: לְרָעָה אִי אַתָּה עוֹבֵר, אַבָל אַתָּה עוֹבֵר לִפְרַקְמַטְיָה:
53May the God of Abraham and the god of Nahor judge between us, the god of their father." And Jacob swore by the Fear of his father Isaac.		נגאֱלֹהֵ֨י אַבְרָהָ֜ם וֵֽאלֹהֵ֤י נָחוֹר֙ יִשְׁפְּט֣וּ בֵינֵ֔ינוּ אֱלֹהֵ֖י אֲבִיהֶ֑ם וַיִּשָּׁבַ֣ע יַֽעֲקֹ֔ב בְּפַ֖חַד אָבִ֥יו יִצְחָֽק:
the God of Abraham: This is holy. [I.e., it refers to the Deity.]- [from Gen. Rabbah 74:16]		אֱלֹהֵי אַבְרָהָם: קֹדֶשׁ (בראשית רבה):
and the god of Nahor: Profane. [I.e., it refers to pagan deities.]- [from Gen. Rabbah 74:16]		וֵֽאלֹהֵי נָחוֹר: חֹל:
the god of their father: Profane. [I.e., it refers to pagan deities.]		אֱלֹהֵי אֲבִיהֶם: חֹל:
54And Jacob slaughtered a slaughtering on the mountain, and he invited his friends to eat a meal, and they ate bread and lodged on the mountain.		נדוַיִּזְבַּ֨ח יַֽעֲקֹ֥ב זֶ֨בַח֙ בָּהָ֔ר וַיִּקְרָ֥א לְאֶחָ֖יו לֶֽאֱכָל־לָ֑חֶם וַיֹּ֣אכְלוּ לֶ֔חֶם וַיָּלִ֖ינוּ בָּהָֽר:
And Jacob slaughtered a slaughtering: He slaughtered animals for a feast.		וַיִּזְבַּח יַֽעֲקֹב זֶבַח: שָׁחַט בְּהֵמוֹת לְמִשְׁתֶּה:
his friends: [Heb. לְאֶחָיו, lit., to his brothers.] To his friends who were with Laban.		לְאֶחָיו: לְאוֹהֲבָיו שֶׁעִם לָבָן:
to eat a meal: Heb. לָחֶם. Any kind of foodstuff is called לֶחֶם [not only bread], like (Dan. 5:1): “made a great feast (לֶחֶם);” (Jer. 11:19): “Let us destroy his food (בְּלַחְמוֹ) with wood.”		לֶֽאֱכָל־לָחֶם: כָּל דְּבַר מַאֲכָל קָרוּי לֶחֶם, כְּמוֹ עֲבַד לְחֶם רַב (דניאל ה'), נַשְׁחִיתָה עֵץ בְּלַחְמוֹ (ירמיהו י"א):

Bereshit (Genesis) Chapter 32

1And Laban arose early in the morning and kissed his sons and daughters and blessed them, and Laban went and returned to his place.		אוַיַּשְׁכֵּ֨ם לָבָ֜ן בַּבֹּ֗קֶר וַיְנַשֵּׁ֧ק לְבָנָ֛יו וְלִבְנוֹתָ֖יו וַיְבָ֣רֶךְ אֶתְהֶ֑ם וַיֵּ֛לֶךְ וַיָּ֥שָׁב לָבָ֖ן לִמְקֹמֽוֹ:
2And Jacob went on his way, and angels of God met him.		בוְיַֽעֲקֹ֖ב הָלַ֣ךְ לְדַרְכּ֑וֹ וַיִּפְגְּעוּ־ב֖וֹ מַלְאֲכֵ֥י אֱלֹהִֽים:
and angels of God met him: Angels of Israel came to greet him to escort him to the land.		וַיִּפְגְּעוּ־בוֹ מַלְאֲכֵי אֱלֹהִֽים: מַלְאָכִים שֶׁל אֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל בָּאוּ לִקְרָאתוֹ לְלַוּוֹתוֹ לָאָרֶץ:
3And Jacob said when he saw them, "This is the camp of God," and he named the place Mahanaim.		גוַיֹּ֤אמֶר יַֽעֲקֹב֙ כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֣ר רָאָ֔ם מַֽחֲנֵ֥ה אֱלֹהִ֖ים זֶ֑ה וַיִּקְרָ֛א שֵֽׁם־הַמָּק֥וֹם הַה֖וּא מַֽחֲנָֽיִם:
Mahanaim: Two camps, [one of the angels] outside the land, who came with him up to here, and [one of the angels] of Israel, who came to greet him. — [from Tanchuma Vayishlach 3]		מַֽחֲנָֽיִם: שְׁתֵּי מַחֲנוֹת, שֶׁל חוּצָה לָאָרֶץ שֶׁבָּאוּ עִמּוֹ עַד כָּאן וְשֶׁל אֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל שֶׁבָּאוּ לִקְרָאתוֹ (ע' תנחומא פ' וישלח):

Maftir Portion

Bereshit (Genesis) Chapter 32

1And Laban arose early in the morning and kissed his sons and daughters and blessed them, and Laban went and returned to his place.		אוַיַּשְׁכֵּ֨ם לָבָ֜ן בַּבֹּ֗קֶר וַיְנַשֵּׁ֧ק לְבָנָ֛יו וְלִבְנוֹתָ֖יו וַיְבָ֣רֶךְ אֶתְהֶ֑ם וַיֵּ֛לֶךְ וַיָּ֥שָׁב לָבָ֖ן לִמְקֹמֽוֹ:
2And Jacob went on his way, and angels of God met him.		בוְיַֽעֲקֹ֖ב הָלַ֣ךְ לְדַרְכּ֑וֹ וַיִּפְגְּעוּ־ב֖וֹ מַלְאֲכֵ֥י אֱלֹהִֽים:
and angels of God met him: Angels of Israel came to greet him to escort him to the land.		וַיִּפְגְּעוּ־בוֹ מַלְאֲכֵי אֱלֹהִֽים: מַלְאָכִים שֶׁל אֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל בָּאוּ לִקְרָאתוֹ לְלַוּוֹתוֹ לָאָרֶץ:
3And Jacob said when he saw them, "This is the camp of God," and he named the place Mahanaim.		גוַיֹּ֤אמֶר יַֽעֲקֹב֙ כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֣ר רָאָ֔ם מַֽחֲנֵ֥ה אֱלֹהִ֖ים זֶ֑ה וַיִּקְרָ֛א שֵֽׁם־הַמָּק֥וֹם הַה֖וּא מַֽחֲנָֽיִם:
Mahanaim: Two camps, [one of the angels] outside the land, who came with him up to here, and [one of the angels] of Israel, who came to greet him. — [from Tanchuma Vayishlach 3]		מַֽחֲנָֽיִם: שְׁתֵּי מַחֲנוֹת, שֶׁל חוּצָה לָאָרֶץ שֶׁבָּאוּ עִמּוֹ עַד כָּאן וְשֶׁל אֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל שֶׁבָּאוּ לִקְרָאתוֹ (ע' תנחומא פ' וישלח):

Haftarah

Hoshea (Hosea) Chapter 11

7And My people waver whether to return to Me, and to the matter concerning which they call them, together they do not uphold [it].		זוְעַמִּ֥י תְלוּאִ֖ים לִמְשֽׁוּבָתִ֑י וְאֶל־עַל֙ יִקְרָאֻ֔הוּ יַ֖חַד לֹ֥א יְרוֹמֵֽם:
And My people waver whether to return to Me: When the prophets teach them to return to Me, they are in doubt whether to return or not to return; it is with difficulty that they return to Me.		ועמי תלואים למשובתי: כשהנביאים מלמדים אותם לשוב אלי תלואים הם אם לשוב אם לא לשוב בקושי ישובון אלי:
and to the matter concerning which they call them, together they do not uphold it: And to the matter concerning which the prophets call them, together My people will not uphold it and will not agree to do it. Some explain וְאֶל-עַל יִקְרָאֻהוּ to mean: Harsh happenings shall befall them. The word וְאֶל means the same as (Gen. 31:29) “My hand has power (לְאֵל),” [and the word עַל means the same as עֲלִילוֹת, deeds (Kara). But this is not so since אֶל is vowelized with a “pattah.” [I.e. with a “segol,” called “pattah katan” by the early grammarians.] Were אֶל a noun, it would be vowelized with a “tseireh,” [i.e., אֵל]. Jonathan, however, renders: A harsh happening will befall them. He interprets וְאֶל as an expression of harshness, but it appears to me that I have interpreted it properly.		ואל על יקראוהו יחד לא ירומם: ואל הדבר אשר עליו יקראוהו הנביאים יחד לא ירוממוהו עמי ולא יאות לעשותו ויש מפרש ואל על יקראוהו פגעים קשים יפגעום ואל כמו יש לאל ידי (ראשית לא) ואין זאת שהרי נקוד בפתח ואם היה ואל שם דבר היה נקוד בצירי ויונתן תרגם במרעא קשיא יתערעון עשה אל (סא"א על) לשון קשה ולי נראה שפרשתי כהוגן:
together they do not uphold [it]: [Jonathan renders:] Together they shall not walk erect.		יחד לא ירומם: כחדא לא יהכון בקומא זקופא:
8How shall I give you, Ephraim? [How] deliver you, O Israel? How shall I make you as Admah, make you as Zeboyim? My heart is turned within Me, together My remorse has been kindled.		חאֵ֞יךְ אֶתֶּנְךָ֣ אֶפְרַ֗יִם אֲמַגֶּנְךָ֙ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֵיךְ אֶתֶּנְךָ֣ כְאַדְמָ֔ה אֲשִֽׂימְךָ֖ כִּצְבֹאיִ֑ם נֶהְפַּ֚ךְ עָלַי֙ לִבִּ֔י יַ֖חַד נִכְמְר֥וּ נִֽחוּמָֽי:
deliver you: Heb. אֲמַגֶּנְךָ. Comp. (Gen. 14:20) “Who delivered (מִגֵן) your adversaries.”		אמגנך: אמסרך ביד אויביך כמו אשר מגן צריך (שם יד):
My remorse has been kindled: Heb. נִכְרְמוּ, are heated. This is an Aramaic expression. Comp. (Lam. 5:10) “Our skin is heated (נִכְמָרוּ) like an oven.”		נכמרו: נתחממו לשון ארמי וכן עורנו כתנור נכמרו (איכה ה׳:י׳):
9I will not execute the kindling of My anger, I will not return to destroy Ephraim, for I am God and not a man. In your midst is the Holy One, and I will not enter a city.		טלֹ֚א אֶֽעֱשֶׂה֙ חֲר֣וֹן אַפִּ֔י לֹ֥א אָשׁ֖וּב לְשַׁחֵ֣ת אֶפְרָ֑יִם כִּ֣י אֵ֚ל אָֽנֹכִי֙ וְלֹֽא־אִ֔ישׁ בְּקִרְבְּךָ֣ קָד֔וֹשׁ וְלֹ֥א אָב֖וֹא בְּעִֽיר:
I will not return: from My good word, which I said. (Lev. 26:44) “I have not rejected them nor have I abhorred them,” to destroy Ephraim.		לא אשוב: מדברי הטוב אשר אמרתי (ויקרא כו) לא מאסתים ולא געלתים להיות משחית את אפרים:
for I am God: Who keeps His favorable word, and I do not retract the good.		כי אל אנכי: המקיים דבר טובתי ואין מדתי להנחם על הטוב:
I will not enter a city: I.e., another city. I have already promised to cause My Shechinah to rest in your midst in Jerusalem, and I will never again cause it to rest on another city. Others explain it as an expression of hatred. Comp. (I Sam. 28: 16) “And has become your adversary (וַיְהִי עָרֶךְ).”		בקרבך קדוש ולא אבוא בעיר: אחרת כבר הבטחתי להשרות שכינתי בקרבך בירושלים ולא אשרה אותה עוד על עיר אחרת ויש מפרש בעיר ל' שנאה כמו (שמואל א כה) ויהי ערך:
10They shall follow the Lord, He shall roar like a lion; for He shall roar, and the children shall hasten from the west.		יאַֽחֲרֵ֧י יְהֹוָ֛ה יֵֽלְכ֖וּ כְּאַרְיֵ֣ה יִשְׁאָ֑ג כִּי־ה֣וּא יִשְׁאַ֔ג וְיֶֽחֶרְד֥וּ בָנִ֖ים מִיָּֽם:
He shall roar like a lion: He will yet roar to them like a lion that they leave the exile and follow Him.		כאריה ישאג: עוד ישאג להם כאריה שיצאו מן הגליות וילכו אחריו:
and the children shall hasten from the west: And the exiles shall be gathered from the west. [from Jonathan]		ויחרדו בנים מים: ויתכנשון גלוותא ממערב':
11They shall hasten like a bird from Egypt and like a dove from the land of Assyria; and I will place them in their houses, says the Lord.		יאיֶֽחֶרְד֚וּ כְצִפּוֹר֙ מִמִּצְרַ֔יִם וּכְיוֹנָ֖ה מֵאֶ֣רֶץ אַשּׁ֑וּר וְהֽוֹשַׁבְתִּ֥ים עַל־בָּֽתֵּיהֶ֖ם נְאֻם־יְהֹוָֽה:

Hoshea (Hosea) Chapter 12

1Ephraim has surrounded me with lies, and the house of Israel with deceit, but Judah still rules with God, and with the Holy One he is faithful.		אסְבָבֻ֚נִי בְכַ֙חַשׁ֙ אֶפְרַ֔יִם וּבְמִרְמָ֖ה בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וִֽיהוּדָ֗ה עֹ֥ד רָד֙ עִם־אֵ֔ל וְעִם־קְדוֹשִׁ֖ים נֶֽאֱמָֽן:
has surrounded Me: Ephraim and the house of Israel have already surrounded Me with lies and deceit, i.e., the kings of the Ten Tribes and all the people, but Judah still…		סבבוני: כבר בכחש ובמרמה אפרים ובית ישראל מלכי עשרת השבטים וכל העם אבל יהודה עודנו:
rules with God: Still rules with fear of God.		רד עם אל: מושל עוד ביראת אלהים:
rules: Heb. רָד. Comp. (Num. 24:19) “And there shall rule (וְיֵרְדְּ) out of Jacob.” Their kings are still with the Holy One, blessed be He.		רד: כמו (במדבר כ״ד:י״ט) וירד מיעקב עוד מלכיהם עם הקב"ה:
2Ephraim joins the wind and chases the east wind; all day he increases deceit and plunder, and they make a treaty with Assyria, and oil is brought to Egypt.		באֶפְרַ֜יִם רֹעֶ֥ה ר֙וּחַ֙ וְרֹדֵ֣ף קָדִ֔ים כָּל־הַיּ֕וֹם כָּזָ֥ב וָשֹׁ֖ד יַרְבֶּ֑ה וּבְרִית֙ עִם־אַשּׁ֣וּר יִכְרֹ֔תוּ וְשֶׁ֖מֶן לְמִצְרַ֥יִם יוּבָֽל:
joins the wind: Heb. רֹעֵה. An expression of רֵעַ, a friend. He joins words of the wind, viz. idolatry.		רועה רוח: לשון ריע מתחבר לדברי רוח להעכו"ם:
and oil: Their oil they carry to Egypt to give a bribe to Egypt to aid them.		ושמן: שלהם למצרים מובילים לתת שוחד למצרים לעזור אות':
3Now the Lord has a contention with Judah, and to visit upon Jacob according to his ways; according to his deeds He shall recompense him.		גוְרִ֥יב לַֽיהֹוָ֖ה עִם־יְהוּדָ֑ה וְלִפְקֹ֚ד עַל־יַֽעֲקֹב֙ כִּדְרָכָ֔יו כְּמַֽעֲלָלָ֖יו יָשִׁ֥יב לֽוֹ:
Now the Lord has a contention with Judah: He relates to them the matters of His contention which their brethren, the house of Israel, have done to Him, so that they should not wonder when He visits retribution on Jacob according to his ways.		וריב לה' עם יהודה: אליהם הוא מגיד את דברי ריבו אשר עשו לו אחיהם בית ישראל ולא יתמהו בפקדו על יעקב כדרכיו:
4In the womb, he seized his brother's heel, and with his strength he strove with an angel.		דבַּבֶּ֖טֶן עָקַ֣ב אֶת־אָחִ֑יו וּבְאוֹנ֖וֹ שָׂרָ֥ה אֶת־אֱלֹהִֽים:
In the womb, he seized his brother’s heel: All this I did for him, he held him by the heel, as a sign that he would be a master over him.		בבטן עקב את אחיו: כל זה עשיתי לו אחזו בעקבו סי' שהוא יהיה לו גביר:
5He strove with an angel and prevailed; he wept and beseeched him; In Bethel he shall find Him, and there He shall speak with us.		הוַיָּ֚שַׂר אֶל־מַלְאָךְ֙ וַיֻּכָ֔ל בָּכָ֖ה וַיִּתְחַנֶּן־ל֑וֹ בֵּֽית־אֵל֙ יִמְצָאֶ֔נּוּ וְשָׁ֖ם יְדַבֵּ֥ר עִמָּֽנוּ:
he wept: i.e., the angel wept. [from Chullin 92a]		בכה: המלאך:
and beseeched him: When he said to him, “I will not let you go unless you bless me” (Gen. 32:26), and the angel was begging him, “Let me go now. Eventually, the Holy One, blessed be He, will reveal Himself to you in Bethel, and there you will find Him, and there He will speak with us, and He and I will agree with you concerning the blessings that Isaac blessed you.” Now that angel was Esau’s genius, and he was contesting the blessings.		ויתחנן לו: כשאמר לו לא אשלחך כי אם ברכתני (בראשית ל״ב:כ״ז) המלאך היה מבקש ממנו הנח לי עכשיו סופו של הקב"ה ליגלות עליך בבית אל ושם ימצאנו ושם ידב' עמנו והוא ואני נסכים לך על הברכות שבירכך יצחק ואותו מלאך שרו של עשו היה והיה מערער על הברכות:
6And the Lord is the God of the hosts; the Lord is His Name.		ווַֽיהֹוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֣י הַצְּבָא֑וֹת יְהֹוָ֖ה זִכְרֽוֹ:
And the Lord is the God of the hosts: Just as I was then, so am I now, and had you walked with Me wholeheartedly, like Jacob your father, I would have acted toward you as I acted toward him.		וה' אלהי הצבאות ה' זכרו: כאשר הייתי מאז כן אני עתה ואם הייתם הולכים עמי בתמימות כיעקב אביכם הייתי נוהג עמכם כאשר נהגתי עמו:
7And you shall return by your God: keep loving-kindness and justice, and hope to your God always.		זוְאַתָּ֖ה בֵּֽאלֹהֶ֣יךָ תָשׁ֑וּב חֶ֚סֶד וּמִשְׁפָּט֙ שְׁמֹ֔ר וְקַוֵּ֥ה אֶל־אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ תָּמִֽיד:
And you shall return by your God: On His promise and His support, which He promises you, you can rely, and return to Him. Only…		ואתה באלהיך תשוב: בהבטחתו ובמשענתו שהוא מבטיחך אתה יכול לסמוך ותשוב אליו רק:
keep loving-kindness and justice: and you may be assured to hope for His salvation always.		חסד ומשפט שמור: ומובטח אתה לקוות לישעו תמיד:
8A trafficker who has deceitful scales in his hand; he loves to oppress.		חכְּנַ֗עַן בְּיָד֛וֹ מֹֽאזְנֵ֥י מִרְמָ֖ה לַֽעֲשֹׁ֥ק אָהֵֽב:
A trafficker who has deceitful scales in his hand: You rely on your gain, for you are traffickers and deceivers, and concerning your wealth you say…		כנען בידו מאזני מרמה: אתם סמוכים על בצעכם שאתם סוחרים ורמאים ועל עשריכם אתם אומרים אך עשרתי ולא אעבוד את הקב"ה:
9And Ephraim said: Surely I have become rich; I have found power for myself; all my toils shall not suffice for my iniquity which is sin.		טוַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֶפְרַ֔יִם אַ֣ךְ עָשַׁ֔רְתִּי מָצָ֥אתִי א֖וֹן לִ֑י כָּל־יְגִיעַ֕י לֹ֥א יִמְצְאוּ־לִ֖י עָו‍ֹ֥ן אֲשֶׁר־חֵֽטְא:
Surely I have become rich: Now why should I worship the Holy One, blessed be He?		אך עשרתי:
I have found power for myself: Heb. אוֹן, meaning strength. Rabbi Simon, however, explained it homiletically as follows: I found אוֹן for myself: I found a deed of indebtedness for myself, that I possess kingship over Israel. (Gen. 50:18) “And his brothers too wept and fell etc. ‘Behold we are slaves to you etc.’” אוֹן means the laws of a deed. Comp. (Gittin 43b) “They may write his deed (אוֹנוֹ) for it.” Comp. (Gittin 43b) “They may write his deed אוֹנוֹ for it.” Comp. also (Gen. Rabbah 2:2) With one deed (אוֹנוֹ) and with one price. "And this is its explanation:		מצאתי און לי: און כח ומדרש אגדה היה דורש רבי שמעון זצ"ל מצאתי און לי מצאתי לי שטר חוב שיש לי מלכות על ישראל וילכו גם אחיו ויפלו וגו' הננו לך לעבדים (שם נ) און לי דיני שטר כמו כותבין עליו אונו וכמו באוני אחד ובטימי אחת בב"ר וזה פירושו:
“And Ephraim said: Surely I have become rich; I have found a deed for myself.”: Jeroboam son of Nebat, who was of the tribe of Ephraim, boasts and declares: Surely I have become rich, I have found a deed for myself, one deed, that all Israel are my slaves, for my father acquired them, as it is written: And his brothers too went and fell before him, and said: Behold we are your slaves. And whatever a slave acquires belongs to his master. Hence, all their property is mine. Therefore, I have no sin if I take all that is theirs, for they are my slaves. What is written after this? And I am the Lord your God from the land of Egypt. The greatness that came to your father in Egypt was from Me. Said the Holy One, blessed be He. ‘Behold we are your slaves,’ you have not forgotten, but ‘I am the Lord your God,’ which was stated in the Decalogue, you have forgotten, for you have erected two calves, one in Bethel and one in Dan. And according to the simple meaning of the verse, you say, “I have found power for myself through oppression and deceitful scales.” And I am the Lord your God from the land of Egypt. There I distinguished between a droplet [of seed] of a firstborn and a droplet which was not of a firstborn. I also know and exact retribution from deceitful scales made without understanding and from one who hides his weights in salt in order to deceive.		ויאמר אפרים אך עשרתי מצאתי און לי : ירבעם בן נבט שהיה משבט אפרים מתפאר בעצמו ואומר אך עשרתי מצאתי און לי שטר אחד שכל ישראל עבדים לי שאבי קנה אותם דכתיב וילכו גם אחיו ויפלו לפניו ויאמרו הננו לך לעבדים ומה שקנה עבד קנה רבו וכל ממונם שלי לפיכך אין בי חטא אם אטול כל אשר להם כי הם עבדי מה כתיב אחריו ואנכי ה' אלהיך מארץ מצרים (שמות כ׳:ב׳) גדולה הבאה לאביך במצרים מאתי היתה אמר הקב"ה הננו לך לעבדים לא שכחת אבל אנכי ה' אלהיך שנא' בעשרת הדברות שכחת שהעמדת שני עגלים א' בבית אל וא' בדן ולענין פשוטו של מקר' אתה אומ' מצאתי און לי ע"י עושק ומאזני מרמה ואנכי ה' אלהיך מארץ מצרי' שם הבחנתי בין טיפה של בכור לטיפה שאינ' של בכור אף אני היודע ונפרע ממאזני מרמה העשויין מבלי הבין ומהטומן משקלותיו במלח כדי לרמות:
all my toils shall not suffice for my etc.: It would have been better for you had you said to yourself: All my money shall not suffice to atone for my iniquity which I have sinned. In this manner Jonathan renders it: The prophet said to them: All your wealth will not remain with you on the day of the retribution of your sins.		כל יגיעי לא ימצאו לי: טוב לך אם אמרת בלבך כל ממוני לא יהא בו ספוק לכפר על עוני אשר חטאתי כן תרגם יונתן נביא אמר להון כל עותריכון לא יתקיים לכון ביום תושלמת חוביכון:
shall not suffice: Heb. לֹא יִמְצְאוּ, usually translated ‘shall not find.’ They shall not suffice. Comp. (Num. 11: 22) “and suffice (וּמָצָא) for them.” But it cannot be explained: יְגִיעַי כֹּל-, all those who toil to seek my iniquity shall not find any iniquity with me, for, were that the case, it should be spelled יְגֵעַי without a “yud,” and it should be vowelized with a “tseireh,” but now it is not an expression of one who toils but an expression of toil.		לא ימצאו: לא יספיקו כמו (במדבר י״א:כ״ב) ומצא להם ולא יתכן לפרש כל יגיעי כל היגיעים לבקש עוני ולא ימצא לי עון שאם כן היה ראוי לכתוב כל יגיע בלא יו"ד ולנקוד בציר"י אבל עתה אינו ל' יגע אלא לשון יגיע:
10And I am the Lord your God from the land of Egypt; I will yet make you dwell in tents as in the days of the [early] times.		יוְאָֽנֹכִ֛י יְהֹוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם עֹ֛ד אוֹשִֽׁיבְךָ֥ בָֽאֳהָלִ֖ים כִּימֵ֥י מוֹעֵֽד:
I will yet make you dwell in tents: I will cut off from your midst deceitful traffickers, and I will cause you to dwell in tents. I will set up from among you students engaging in the Torah.		עוד אושיבך באהלים: אכרית מתוכך סוחרי מרמה ואושיבך באהלים אעמיד מתוכך תלמידים עוסקי' בתורה:
as in the days of the [early] times: As in the days of the early times, when Jacob, the unpretentious man, was sitting in tents.		כימי מועד: כימי מועד הראשון שהיה יעקב איש תם יושב אוהלים:
11And I spoke to the prophets, and I increased their visions; and to the prophets I assumed likenesses.		יאוְדִבַּ֙רְתִּי֙ עַל־הַנְּבִיאִ֔ים וְאָֽנֹכִ֖י חָז֣וֹן הִרְבֵּ֑יתִי וּבְיַ֥ד הַנְּבִיאִ֖ים אֲדַמֶּֽה:
And I spoke to the prophets: to admonish you and to bring you back to do good.		ודברתי על הנביאים: להוכיח אתכם ולהחזיר אתכם למוטב:
and to the prophets I assumed likenesses: I appeared to them in many likenesses. Another explanation. I gave My words likenesses to them through allegories in order to make them comprehensible to their listeners.		וביד הנביאים אדמה: נראיתי להם בכמה דומיות, ד"א אדמה להם דברי ע"י משלים כדי לישבם על שומעיהם:
12If there is violence in Gilead, it is because they were but vanity; in Gilgal they sacrificed oxen; also their altars were like heaps on the furrows of the field.		יבאִם־גִּלְעָ֥ד אָ֙וֶן֙ אַךְ־שָׁ֣וְא הָי֔וּ בַּגִּלְגָּ֖ל שְׁוָרִ֣ים זִבֵּ֑חוּ גַּ֚ם מִזְבְּחוֹתָם֙ כְּגַלִּ֔ים עַ֖ל תַּלְמֵ֥י שָׂדָֽי:
If there is violence in Gilead: If they suffered from destruction and violence, they caused it to themselves, for they were but vanity in Gilgal, and they sacrificed oxen to pagan deities.		אם גלעד און: אם בא להם שבר ואונס הם גרמו לעצמם כי אך שוא היו ובגלגל שורים זבחו לעכו"ם:
also their altars: were as numerous as heaps which are on the furrows of the field.		גם מזבחותם: רבים כגלים שעל תלמי שדי:
the furrows of the field: The furrow made by the plowshare is called תֶלֶם.		תלמי שדי: היא מענית המחרישה קרויה תלם:
13And Jacob fled to the field of Aram; and Israel worked for a wife, and for a wife he guarded.		יגוַיִּבְרַ֥ח יַֽעֲקֹ֖ב שְׂדֵ֣ה אֲרָ֑ם וַיַּֽעֲבֹ֚ד יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ בְּאִשָּׁ֔ה וּבְאִשָּׁ֖ה שָׁמָֽר:
And Jacob fled to the field of Aram etc.: Like a person who says, “Let us return to the previous topic,” for we spoke above (verse 5): And he strove with an angel, and moreover, I did this for him; when he was forced to flee to the field of Aram, you know how I guarded him.		ויברח יעקב שדה ארם וגו': כאדם שאומר נחזור על הראשונות שדברנו למעלה וישר אל המלאך ועוד זאת עשיתי לו הוצרך לברוח שדה ארם ידעתם איך שמרתיו:
and for a wife he guarded: the flocks.		ובאשה שמר: את הצאן:
14And, through a prophet, the Lord brought up Israel from Egypt, and through a prophet they were guarded.		ידוּבְנָבִ֕יא הֶֽעֱלָ֧ה יְהֹוָ֛ה אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מִמִּצְרָ֑יִם וּבְנָבִ֖יא נִשְׁמָֽר:
And, through a prophet, the Lord brought up etc.: And, insofar as you disgrace the prophets and mock their words, is it not so that through a prophet God brought us etc.?		ובנביא העלה ה' וגו': ועל שאתם מבזין את הנביאים ומלעיגין בדבריהם הלא בנביא העלה וגו':