CHAPTER 4 [Food Eaten in the Midst of a Meal] (1–13)

פרק ד [דְּבָרִים הַבָּאִים בְּתוֹךְ הַסְּעוּדָה וּבוֹ י"ג הֲלָכוֹת]

1 A separate blessing need not be recited over [foods] served during a meal which are integral to the meal,1 because they are covered by the blessing HaMotzi recited over the bread, which is the basis of the meal. [This rule] even [applies] when the foods are not eaten with the bread. [Similarly,] these foods do not require a [separate] blessing to be recited after [eating] them, because they are covered by the Grace after Meals.

[This category includes foods] that are commonly served as the basis of a meal and are not [all that] commonly eaten at other times of the day, only during a meal. [It does not matter] whether[these are foods that are eaten] to accompany bread, like meat, fish, cheese, vegetables, eggs, and salted foods, or whether they are served for sustenance and satiation, e.g., cabbage, spinach, porridge, and all cooked foods that are not served to accompany bread, but to serve as cooked food, for sustenance.2

א א ב ג דְּבָרִים הַבָּאִים בְּתוֹךְ הַסְּעוּדָה, אִם הֵם דְּבָרִים הַבָּאִים מֵחֲמַת הַסְּעוּדָה,ד דְּהַיְנוּ שֶׁדֶּרֶךְ לִקְבֹּעַ סְעוּדָה עֲלֵיהֶם,ה וְאֵין דַּרְכָּם (כָּל כָּךְו) לֶאֱכֹלז כָּל הַיּוֹם אֶלָּא בִּשְׁעַת הַסְּעוּדָה בִּלְבַד,ח בֵּין לִלְפֹּת בָּהֶם אֶת הַפַּת,ט כְּגוֹן בָּשָׂר וְדָגִיםי וּגְבִינָהיא וִירָקוֹתיב וּבֵיצִיםיג וּמִינֵי מְלוּחִים,יד בֵּין לְמָזוֹן וּלְהַשְׂבִּיעַ,טו כְּגוֹן כְּרוּב וּתְרָדִין וְדַיְסָא וְכָל מַעֲשֵׂה קְדֵרָה שֶׁאֵינָן בָּאִין לִלְפֹּת הַפַּת אֶלָּא לְמָזוֹן וּלְתַבְשִׁילטז – אֵין צָרִיךְ בְּרָכָה לִפְנֵיהֶם, אֲפִלּוּ אוֹכְלָם בְּלֹא פַּת,יז שֶׁבִּרְכַּת "הַמּוֹצִיא" שֶׁבֵּרַךְ עַל הַפַּת שֶׁהוּא עִקַּר הַסְּעוּדָה – פּוֹטַרְתָּם, וְלֹא לְאַחֲרֵיהֶם, שֶׁבִּרְכַּת הַמָּזוֹן פּוֹטַרְתָּם.יח

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2 [Different laws apply] if the foods are not integral to the meal, i.e., they are not commonly served as the basis of a meal, nor do they [frequently] accompany [bread], nor are they satisfying, but instead, are eaten throughout the day, even outside one’s meals. [Included in this category are] all types of fruit and the like, whether fresh or cooked, even if they were cooked with meat. If they are eaten without bread, they require a blessing to be recited before partaking of them. This [law] applies even when they are eaten at the end of the meal to assist in digesting the food or for dessert, to relieve the heaviness of the food.

They, however, do not require a [separate] blessing [to be recited] after partaking of them if they are eaten in the midst of a meal, even [when they are] not [eaten] to help digest one’s food, or as dessert, but [are eaten] solely for enjoyment.3

Some authorities are in doubt as to whether a blessing must be recited before eating cooked fruit when it is eaten as a filling food and a cooked dish. Hence, one should [avoid reciting an unnecessary blessing by] eating a small amount4 of [the fruit] before the meal, [and] reciting a blessing beforehand. All opinions agree, however, that if one [wants to] eat a small amount of cooked fruit during or at the end of the meal, as a dessert or [solely] for pleasure, he must recite a blessing before [partaking of it].

ב וְאִם הֵם דְּבָרִים שֶׁאֵין בָּאִים מֵחֲמַת הַסְּעוּדָה,יט דְּהַיְנוּ שֶׁאֵין דֶּרֶךְ לִקְבֹּעַ סְעוּדָה עֲלֵיהֶם,כ לֹא לִלְפֹּת וְלֹא לְהַשְׂבִּיעַ,כא אֶלָּא דַּרְכָּם לְאָכְלָם כָּל הַיּוֹם אֲפִלּוּ שֶׁלֹּא בִּשְׁעַת הַסְּעוּדָה,כב כְּגוֹן כָּל מִינֵי פֵּרוֹתכג וְכַיּוֹצֵא בָּהֶם,כד בֵּין חַיִּין בֵּין מְבֻשָּׁלִים,כה וַאֲפִלּוּ נִתְבַּשְּׁלוּ עִם בָּשָׂר,כו אִם אוֹכֵל אוֹתָם בְּלֹא פַּתכז – טְעוּנִים בְּרָכָה לִפְנֵיהֶם,כח אֲפִלּוּ אוֹכְלָם בִּגְמַר הַסְּעוּדָה כְּדֵי לְעַכֵּל הַמַּאֲכָל,כט אוֹ לְקִנּוּחַל לְהָקֵל מִכֹּבֶד הַמַּאֲכָל.לא אֲבָל אֵין טְעוּנִין בְּרָכָה לְאַחֲרֵיהֶם,לב אֲפִלּוּ אוֹכְלָם בְּאֶמְצַע הַסְּעוּדָה לֹא לְעַכֵּל וְלֹא לְקִנּוּחַ אֶלָּא לְתַעֲנוּג בִּלְבַד.לג

וְיֵשׁ מִסְתַּפְּקִיםלד בְּפֵרוֹת מְבֻשָּׁלִיםלה כְּשֶׁאוֹכְלָם לְמָזוֹן וְתַבְשִׁיל אִם לְבָרֵךְ לִפְנֵיהֶם. וְלָכֵן יֵשׁ לֶאֱכֹל מֵהֶן מְעַטלו קֹדֶם הַסְּעוּדָה וּלְבָרֵךְ עֲלֵיהֶם.לז אֲבָל אִם אוֹכֵל מֵהֶם מְעַט תּוֹךְ הַסְּעוּדָה אוֹ בְּסוֹפָהּ לְקִנּוּחַ אוֹ לְתַעֲנוּגלח – צָרִיךְ לְבָרֵךְ לִפְנֵיהֶם לְדִבְרֵי הַכֹּל.לט

3 Even if one ate a small amount of [fruit] with bread and would also like to eat more fruit without bread, he must recite a blessing before [eating the fruit without the bread].

When does the above apply? When the fruit was [initially] served as dessert or [simply] for pleasure. If, however, [the fruit] was [initially] served to accompany the bread, it is not necessary to recite a blessing [over the fruit] beforehand, provided that he first ate some of it with bread, and intends to eat more [later] with bread, even though in the interim he eats the fruit without bread. [Moreover,] even if he changes his mind and does not eat [more] fruit with bread, it is of no consequence, since when he [originally] ate it, he intended to eat [more] with bread [afterwards.]

[Nevertheless,] it is desirable to make a practice of first eating some of the fruit without bread — and, hence, to recite a blessing — and then to eat [more], whether with or without bread.5

ג וַאֲפִלּוּ אִם אוֹכֵל מֵהֶם מְעַט עִם פַּת וְרוֹצֶה לֶאֱכֹל גַּם כֵּן בְּלֹא פַּת – צָרִיךְ לְבָרֵךְ לִפְנֵיהֶם.מ

בַּמֶּה דְּבָרִים אֲמוּרִים? כְּשֶׁהֵבִיאוּ הַפֵּרוֹת לְקִנּוּחַ וּלְתַעֲנוּג,מא אֲבָל אִם הֵבִיאוּ אוֹתָם לִלְפֹּת בָּהֶם אֶת הַפַּת גַּם כֵּן – אֵין צָרִיךְ לְבָרֵךְ לִפְנֵיהֶם, אִם אוֹכֵל מֵהֶם תְּחִלָּה עִם פַּתמב וְדַעְתּוֹ לֶאֱכֹל מֵהֶם עוֹד עִם פַּת, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁבֵּינְתַיִם אוֹכֵל בְּלֹא פַּת.מג וְאַף אִם אַחַר כָּךְ נִמְלַךְ שֶׁלֹּא לִלְפֹּת בָּהֶם בַּסּוֹף – אֵין בְּכָךְ כְּלוּם, כֵּיוָן שֶׁבְּשָׁעָה שֶׁאוֹכֵל כַּוָּנָתוֹ לִלְפֹּת בָּהֶם עֲדַיִן.מד

וְטוֹב לִנְהֹג לֶאֱכֹל מֵהֶם תְּחִלָּה בְּלֹא פַּת וּלְבָרֵךְ, וְאַחַר כָּךְ יֹאכַל בֵּין עִם פַּת בֵּין בְּלֹא פַּת.מה

4 All the above applies when one establishes something else as the primary accompaniment to his meal and the fruit was brought to him in the middle of the meal. If, however, he [initially] established fruit as the primary accompaniment to his meal, there is no need to recite a blessing before eating it, although he eats it at the beginning of his meal without bread. There are, [however,] authorities who differ [with this opinion]. Therefore, it is desirable to initially eat a small amount [of the fruit] with the bread. Then, even if he decides to eat more [fruit] without bread, there is no need to recite a blessing, even if he does not intend to eat any more bread.6

ד וְכָל זֶה כְּשֶׁקָּבַע לִפְתַּן סְעוּדָתוֹ עַל דָּבָר אַחֵר וּבְאֶמְצַע הַסְּעוּדָה הֵבִיאוּ לוֹ פֵּרוֹת, אֲבָל אִם קָבַע לִפְתַּן סְעוּדָתוֹ עַל הַפֵּרוֹת – אֵין צָרִיךְ לְבָרֵךְ לִפְנֵיהֶם אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאוֹכֵל מֵהֶם בִּתְחִלַּת אֲכִילָתוֹ בְּלֹא פַּת.מו

וְיֵשׁ חוֹלְקִים.מז וְלָכֵן טוֹב שֶׁיֹּאכַל תְּחִלָּה מְעַט עִם פַּת,מח וְאָז אַף אִם אוֹכֵל מֵהֶם בְּלֹא פַּת – אֵין צָרִיךְ לְבָרֵךְ אֲפִלּוּ אֵין דַּעְתּוֹ לֶאֱכֹל עוֹד פַּת.מט

5 Whenever fruit is not covered by the blessing [HaMotzi] recited over bread, a separate blessing must be recited over it, even if the fruit was before him when he recited HaMotzi and he intended to cover the fruit with that blessing.

Whenever the fruit is covered by [the blessing HaMotzi], the fruit is covered even if it was not before the person when he recited the blessing HaMotzi and he did not specifically intend to partake of it. [The rationale is that] it can be assumed that he intended to partake of everything that he would be served, since he sat down7 to eat.8

ה וְכָל מָקוֹם שֶׁאֵין הַפֵּרוֹת נִפְטָרִים בְּבִרְכַּת הַפַּת – צָרִיךְ לְבָרֵךְ עֲלֵיהֶם אֲפִלּוּ הָיוּ לְפָנָיו בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁבֵּרַךְ "הַמּוֹצִיא"נ וְנִתְכַּוֵּן לְפָטְרָם.נא וְכָל מָקוֹם שֶׁהֵם נִפְטָרִים – נִפְטָרִים אֲפִלּוּ לֹא הָיוּ לְפָנָיו בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁבֵּרַךְ "הַמּוֹצִיא" וְלֹא הָיָה דַּעְתּוֹ בְּפֵרוּשׁ עֲלֵיהֶם,נב כִּי מִן הַסְּתָם דַּעְתּוֹ עַל כָּל מַה שֶּׁיָּבִיאוּ לְפָנָיו כֵּיוָן שֶׁקּוֹבֵעַ עַצְמוֹ לַאֲכִילָה.נג

6 [The ruling changes,] however, if one knows that he did not intend to partake of a given food at all. For example, after he recited the blessing HaMotzi over bread, he was sent a gift of food from another home upon which he was not dependent, and he did not have this gift in mind at all [when reciting the blessing HaMotzi. In this situation,] the food is not covered by the blessing [HaMotzi] recited over the bread. [This rule applies] even when [the present] is a type of food that is served as an accompaniment to the bread and [the recipient] partakes of it as an accompaniment to the bread.

At present, people in our countries are generally not meticulous in their observance [of this law], because it is common for people to send gifts of food to friends during a meal, even from the homes of others.9

ו אֲבָל אִם יָדוּעַ שֶׁלֹּא הָיָה דַּעְתּוֹ עַל זֶה כְּלָל, כְּגוֹן שֶׁלְּאַחַר בִּרְכַּת "הַמּוֹצִיא" שָׁלְחוּ לוֹ דּוֹרוֹן מִבֵּית אֲחֵרִים שֶׁאֵינוֹ סוֹמֵךְנד עֲלֵיהֶם וְלֹא הָיָה דַּעְתּוֹ עַל הַדּוֹרוֹן – אֵינוֹ נִפְטָר בְּבִרְכַּת הַפַּת,נה אֲפִלּוּ הוּא דָּבָר שֶׁדַּרְכּוֹ לִלְפֹּת בּוֹ אֶת הַפַּתנו וּמְלַפֵּת בּוֹ הַפַּת.נז

וְעַכְשָׁו אֵין הָעוֹלָם נִזְהָרִים בָּזֶה בִּמְדִינוֹת אֵלּוּ,נח מִפְּנֵי שֶׁבֵּינֵינוּ הוּא דָּבָר מָצוּי שֶׁאֶחָד שׁוֹלֵחַ לַחֲבֵרוֹ דּוֹרוֹן בַּסְּעוּדָה אֲפִלּוּ מִבֵּית אֲחֵרִים.נט

7 One should not, however, recite a blessing over water or other beverages [that are consumed] in the middle of a meal. [This rule applies] even if he drinks them [to quench] his thirst and not to saturate the food in his digestive tract. [The rationale is that] it is impossible to eat without drinking [and thus these beverages are an integral part of the meal].

Even if the person was thirsty before [beginning] the meal, [he need not recite a blessing over the water he drinks during the meal]. Since he did not desire to drink [beforehand — out of fear that] the water would harm him — the reason he is drinking [now] is because he is partaking of bread. Hence, since he based his meal on the bread, the blessing recited over the bread covers the beverages [as well]. {This is not the case when he eats a small amount bread [only] so that the beverage10 should not harm him, (as has been explained in ch. 3)}.11

Similarly, a blessing should not even be recited over beverages that one drinks without being thirsty, e.g., beer or mead, when one drinks them during a meal. [The rationale is that] they are not commonly consumed before a meal, but afterwards. Thus, when they are served as part of a meal, they are considered secondary to the meal.

Furthermore, if one eats a food to offset the [sharp] taste of a beverage, the food is considered secondary to the beverage, which [itself] is considered as secondary to the bread. Hence, [even that food] is included in the blessing over the bread.12

ז מַיִם אוֹ שְׁאָר מַשְׁקִיןס – אֵין לְבָרֵךְ עֲלֵיהֶם בְּתוֹךְ הַסְּעוּדָה,סא וַאֲפִלּוּ שׁוֹתֶה לִצְמָאוֹסב וְלֹא לִשְׁרוֹת הַמַּאֲכָל שֶׁבְּמֵעָיו,סג לְפִי שֶׁאִי אֶפְשָׁר לַאֲכִילָה בְּלֹא שְׁתִיָּה.סד וַאֲפִלּוּ הָיָה צָמֵא קֹדֶם סְעוּדָה, כֵּיוָן שֶׁאָז לֹא רָצָה לִשְׁתּוֹת כְּדֵי שֶׁלֹּא יַזִּיקוּ לוֹ הַמַּיִם,סה נִמְצָא כִּי שְׁתִיַּת הַמַּיִם בְּסִבַּת הַפַּת הוּא,סו וּמֵאַחַר שֶׁקָּבַע סְעוּדָתוֹ עַל הַפַּתסז – הֲרֵי בִּרְכַּת הַפַּת פּוֹטַרְתָּם (מַה שֶּׁאֵין כֵּן כְּשֶׁאוֹכֵל מְעַט פַּתסח שֶׁלֹּא יַזִּיקוּ לוֹ הַמַּיִםסט (כְּמוֹ שֶׁנִּתְבָּאֵר בְּפֶרֶק ג'ע)).

וַאֲפִלּוּ מַשְׁקִין שֶׁשּׁוֹתִין אוֹתָן שֶׁלֹּא לִצְמָאוֹ,עא כְּגוֹן שֵׁכָרעב וּמֵי דְּבַשׁעג – אֵין לְבָרֵךְ עֲלֵיהֶם בְּתוֹךְ הַסְּעוּדָה, כִּי אֵין דַּרְכָּם לִשְׁתּוֹתָם קֹדֶם הַסְּעוּדָה אֶלָּא לְאַחֲרֶיהָ,עד לְפִיכָךְ כְּשֶׁבָּאִים בְּתוֹךְ הַסְּעוּדָה – הֲרֵי הֵם טְפֵלִים לַסְּעוּדָה.עה

וְגַם אִם אוֹכֵל אֵיזֶה דָּבָר לְמַתֵּק הַשְּׁתִיָּה – הֲרֵי זֶה טָפֵל לַמַּשְׁקֶהעו וְהַמַּשְׁקֶה לַלֶּחֶם, וְנִפְטָרִים בְּבִרְכַּת הַלֶּחֶם.עז

8 A blessing is recited over wine, by contrast, even when one drinks [it] during the meal. [This ruling applies] even though one drinks it to saturate the food in his digestive tract [and thus it is integral to the meal. The rationale is that our Sages] ordained a blessing for wine because of its importance — that Kiddush and Havdalah are recited over it — even in the midst of a meal. A blessing is not, however, recited after [drinking wine in such an instance], since it is covered by Grace.13

If one drank wine before a meal — even if he did so before sitting down [to partake of] the meal — it is not necessary for him to recite a blessing over the wine he will drink within the meal, for it is covered by the blessing recited over the wine [consumed] before the meal. An exception [to this rule]: One specifically intended not to drink wine during the meal and then changed his mind and decided [to drink more wine].14

ח אֲבָל יַיִן, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁבָּא לִשְׁתּוֹתוֹ בְּתוֹךְ הַסְּעוּדָה – מְבָרֵךְ עָלָיו,עח אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁשּׁוֹתֵהוּ לִשְׁרוֹת הָאֲכִילָה שֶׁבְּמֵעָיו,עט שֶׁמִּפְּנֵי חֲשִׁיבוּתוֹפ שֶׁמְּקַדְּשִׁין וּמַבְדִּילִים עָלָיופא – קָבְעוּ לוֹ בְּרָכָה אַף בְּתוֹךְ הַסְּעוּדָה.פב אֲבָל אֵינוֹ מְבָרֵךְ לְאַחֲרָיו, שֶׁנִּפְטָר בְּבִרְכַּת הַמָּזוֹן.פג

וְאִם שָׁתָה יַיִן לִפְנֵי הַסְּעוּדָה,פד אֲפִלּוּ קֹדֶם שֶׁקָּבַע עַצְמוֹ לִסְעוּדָהפה – אֵין צָרִיךְ לְבָרֵךְ עַל הַיַּיִן שֶׁבְּתוֹךְ הַסְּעוּדָה,פו אֶלָּא אִם כֵּן לֹא הָיָה בְּדַעְתּוֹ כְּלָל לִשְׁתּוֹת יַיִן בְּתוֹךְ הַסְּעוּדָה וְאַחַר כָּךְ נִמְלַךְ.פז

9 When does the above apply? When one recites the blessing in the same room in which he eats his meal, without departing from his place in the interim. If, however, he eats in another room or leaves his place, he is required to recite another blessing [over the wine] unless he drank a reviis, [which is] the measure that requires a blessing to be recited afterwards. [In the latter instance,] as long as he did not yet recite the blessing [after wine], there are authorities who maintain that changing one’s place is not considered an interruption of his drinking, (as will be explained in ch. 9, [laws 14-15]).

When does the above apply? When one did not have any specific intent [when reciting the blessing]. If, however, one recites the blessing over wine [in one room], explicitly intending that this blessing [will] cover the wine that he will drink during the meal, he does not have to recite another blessing even if he eats in another room, provided the two rooms are in one building.15

ט בַּמֶּה דְּבָרִים אֲמוּרִים? כְּשֶׁבֵּרַךְ בְּאוֹתוֹ חֶדֶר שֶׁסּוֹעֵד בּוֹ וְלֹא יָצָא מִמְּקוֹמוֹ בֵּינְתַיִם, אֲבָל אִם סוֹעֵד בְּחֶדֶר אַחֵר, אוֹ שֶׁיָּצָא מִמְּקוֹמוֹ בֵּינְתַיִם – צָרִיךְ לַחֲזֹר וּלְבָרֵךְ,פח אֶלָּא אִם כֵּן שָׁתָה כְּשִׁעוּר רְבִיעִית שֶׁטָּעוּן בְּרָכָה אַחֲרוֹנָה,פט וְכָל זְמַן שֶׁלֹּא בֵּרַךְ – יֵשׁ אוֹמְרִים שֶׁאֵין שִׁנּוּי מָקוֹם חָשׁוּב הֶפְסֵקצ (כְּמוֹ שֶׁיִּתְבָּאֵר בְּפֶרֶק ט'צא).

בַּמֶּה דְּבָרִים אֲמוּרִים?צב בִּסְתָם, אֲבָל אִם הָיָה דַּעְתּוֹ בְּפֵרוּשׁ לִפְטֹר הַיַּיִן שֶׁבְּתוֹךְ הַסְּעוּדָה,צג אֲפִלּוּ סוֹעֵד בְּחֶדֶר אַחֵר – אֵין צָרִיךְ לַחֲזֹר וּלְבָרֵךְ,צד אִם הָיוּ שְׁנֵי הַחֲדָרִים בְּבַיִת אֶחָד.צה

10 [The following rules apply when one drinks an] alcoholic beverage during a meal. If one drinks it in order to whet his appetite, it is considered secondary to the meal and it is not necessary to recite a [separate] blessing over it. If one drinks the alcoholic beverage in order to warm his stomach so as to [better] digest the food, he should recite a blessing over it, unless he recited a blessing on it or on another beverage before the meal.16

Where does the above apply? In those regions where it is not common to drink [alcoholic beverages] during the meal, but rather at other times of the day to strengthen the heart. [Accordingly,] the laws that apply to them are the same as those which apply to fruit.17 In these regions, however, it is common to drink alcoholic beverages during the meal. [Hence,] there is no need to recite a blessing on these beverages [during a meal].

י וְיֵין שָׂרָף שֶׁבְּתוֹךְ הַסְּעוּדָה,צו אִם שׁוֹתֵהוּ כְּדֵי לְעוֹרֵר תַּאֲוַת הַמַּאֲכָל – הֲרֵי הוּא טָפֵל לַסְּעוּדָה, וְאֵין צָרִיךְ לְבָרֵךְ עָלָיו.צז

וְאִם שׁוֹתֵהוּ כְּדֵי לְחַמֵּם הָאִצְטוֹמְכָא לְעַכֵּל הַמַּאֲכָל – צָרִיךְ לְבָרֵךְ עָלָיו,צח אֶלָּא אִם כֵּן בֵּרַךְ עָלָיו אוֹ עַל שְׁאָר מַשְׁקֶה לִפְנֵי הַסְּעוּדָה.צט בַּמֶּה דְּבָרִים אֲמוּרִים? בִּמְדִינוֹת שֶׁאֵין דַּרְכָּם לִשְׁתּוֹתוֹ תּוֹךְ הַסְּעוּדָה אֶלָּא בִּשְׁאָר כָּל הַיּוֹםק לְחַזֵּק הַלֵּב, וְדִינוֹ כְּדִין פֵּרוֹת.קא אֲבָל בִּמְדִינוֹת אֵלּוּ שֶׁרְגִילִים לִשְׁתּוֹתוֹ תּוֹךְ הַסְּעוּדָה – אֵין צָרִיךְ לְבָרֵךְ עָלָיו.קב

11 [The blessing recited over] any beverage [other than wine] which one drinks before his meal does not cover the beverages [drunk] during or after the meal, even though one also has in mind to drink them during the meal. It is necessary to recite a blessing after drinking these beverages [before the meal] if one drank an amount that requires [a blessing to be recited].

Wine is an exception [to this rule] since it opens the digestive tract and whets a person’s appetite for eating. Accordingly, it is considered part of the meal and is covered by Grace. Therefore, [if one drinks wine] before the meal, there is no need to recite a blessing after it at that time, even if one does not at all intend to drink wine during the meal. This rule also applies to other alcoholic beverages.18

יא וְכָל מַשְׁקִין שֶׁשּׁוֹתֶה לִפְנֵי הַסְּעוּדָה – אֵינוֹ פּוֹטֵרקג דְּבָרִים שֶׁבְּתוֹךְ הַסְּעוּדָה אוֹ אַחַר הַסְּעוּדָה, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁבְּדַעְתּוֹ לִשְׁתּוֹת גַּם כֵּן בְּתוֹךְ הַסְּעוּדָה,קד [וְ]צָרִיךְ לְבָרֵךְ אַחֲרָיו אִם שָׁתָה כַּשִּׁעוּר.קה

חוּץ מִן הַיַּיִן, לְפִי שֶׁבָּא לִפְתֹּחַ בְּנֵי מֵעַיִם לְהַמְשִׁיךְ הָאָדָם לְתַאֲוַת הָאֲכִילָה, וּמִכְּלַל הַסְּעוּדָה הוּא, וְנִפְטָר בְּבִרְכַּת הַמָּזוֹן,קו לְפִיכָךְ אֵין צָרִיךְ לְבָרֵךְ אַחֲרָיו קֹדֶם הַסְּעוּדָה,קז אֲפִלּוּ אֵין בְּדַעְתּוֹ כְּלָל לִשְׁתּוֹת יַיִן בְּתוֹךְ הַסְּעוּדָה.קח וְהוּא הַדִּין לְיֵין שָׂרָף.קט

12 Similarly, one who recites Kiddush over wine does not have to recite a blessing after drinking the wine. Since Kiddush may only be recited only in the place of a meal, the wine is considered as part of the meal.19 When, by contrast, one recites Havdalah over wine and did not at all intend to drink wine during the [ensuing] meal, he must recite a blessing after [the wine], since [the wine of Havdalah] is not intended to whet his appetite for food, but [is drunk] only for the sake of [fulfilling] the mitzvah. [Moreover,] even if one forgot to recite the blessing [after drinking wine] before [starting] the meal, and remembered in the middle of the meal, before reciting Grace, he must recite the blessing then. (If, however, he did not remember until after reciting Grace, he should not recite a blessing over the wine he drank, since, after the fact, Grace covers the wine, as explained in ch. 1, [law 17].)

When does the above apply? When the person does not possess [another] cup [of wine] for Grace after Meals. If, however, he intends to recite Grace on a cup [of wine], there is no need to recite a blessing [after drinking the wine of Havdalah] before the meal, since it is covered by the blessing recited after the cup of wine of Grace.20

יב וְכֵן מִי שֶׁמְּקַדֵּשׁ עַל הַיַּיִן,קי הוֹאִיל וְאֵין קִדּוּשׁ אֶלָּא בִּמְקוֹם סְעוּדָהקיא – מִכְּלַל הַסְּעוּדָה הוּא, וְאֵין צָרִיךְ לְבָרֵךְ אַחֲרָיו.קיב

אֲבָל הַמַּבְדִּיל עַל הַיַּיִןקיג וְלֹא הָיָה בְּדַעְתּוֹ כְּלָל לִשְׁתּוֹת יַיִן בְּתוֹךְ הַסְּעוּדָהקיד – צָרִיךְ לְבָרֵךְ אַחֲרָיו,קטו הוֹאִיל וְאֵינוֹ מִתְכַּוֵּן לִפְתֹּחַ תַּאֲוַת הַמַּאֲכָל אֶלָּא לְמִצְוָה בִּלְבַד.קטז וַאֲפִלּוּ שָׁכַח וְלֹא בֵּרַךְ לִפְנֵי הַסְּעוּדָה וְנִזְכַּר בְּתוֹךְ הַסְּעוּדָה קֹדֶם בִּרְכַּת הַמָּזוֹןקיז (אֲבָל לְאַחַר בִּרְכַּת הַמָּזוֹן לֹא יְבָרֵךְ, שֶׁבִּרְכַּת הַמָּזוֹן פּוֹטֶרֶת עַל הַיַּיִן בְּדִיעֲבַד,קיח כְּמוֹ שֶׁנִּתְבָּאֵר בְּפֶרֶק א'קיט).

בַּמֶּה דְּבָרִים אֲמוּרִים? שֶׁאֵין לוֹ כּוֹס לְבִרְכַּת הַמָּזוֹן, אֲבָל אִם דַּעְתּוֹ לְבָרֵךְ בִּרְכַּת הַמָּזוֹן עַל הַכּוֹס – אֵין צָרִיךְ לְבָרֵךְ אַחֲרָיו לִפְנֵי הַסְּעוּדָה, שֶׁנִּפְטַר בִּבְרָכָה אַחֲרוֹנָה שֶׁמְּבָרֵךְ עַל הַכּוֹס שֶׁל בִּרְכַּת הַמָּזוֹן.קכ

13 Similarly, one who eats appetizers before the meal, e.g. sweets or fruits, to open his digestive tract and to whet and arouse his appetite, does not have to recite a blessing after partaking of them before the meal. [This rule applies] even though he will not have similar foods after the meal [whose blessings would cover them. The rationale is that] since they stimulate one’s appetite, they are considered part of the meal] and are covered by Grace, just like wine (drunk) before the meal. If however, one ate them for pleasure alone, and not as an appetizer for the meal, he must recite a blessing after them. [In this case,] they are not covered by Grace after Meals, just like the wine of Havdalah [is not covered], as explained in ch. 1, [law 17].

יג וְכֵן מִי שֶׁאוֹכֵל לִפְנֵי הַסְּעוּדָה פַּרְפְּרָאוֹת,קכא כְּמוֹ מִינֵי מְתִיקָה, אוֹ מִינֵי פֵּרוֹת, לִפְתֹּחַ בְּנֵי מֵעַיִם וְלִגְרֹר וּלְהַמְשִׁיךְ הַלֵּב לַאֲכִילָה, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵין לוֹ פַּרְפְּרָאוֹת אַחַר הַסְּעוּדָה לְפָטְרָםקכב – אֵין צָרִיךְ לְבָרֵךְ אַחֲרֵיהֶם לִפְנֵי הַסְּעוּדָה, שֶׁנִּפְטָרִין בְּבִרְכַּת הַמָּזוֹן,קכג כְּמוֹ יַיִן (לִשְׁתִיָּה) שֶׁלִּפְנֵי הַסְּעוּדָה.קכד

אֲבָל אִם אוֹכְלָם לְתַעֲנוּג בִּלְבַד, וְלֹא לִגְרֹר וּלְהַמְשִׁיךְ הַלֵּב לִסְעוּדָהקכה – צָרִיךְ לְבָרֵךְ לְאַחֲרֵיהֶם, וְאֵינָן נִפְטָרִים בְּבִרְכַּת הַמָּזוֹן, כְּמוֹ יַיִן שֶׁל הַבְדָּלָה,קכו וּכְמוֹ שֶׁנִּתְבָּאֵר בְּפֶרֶק א'.קכז