Bamidbar (Numbers) Chapter 14

26The Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron, saying,   כווַיְדַבֵּ֣ר יְהֹוָ֔ה אֶל־משֶׁ֥ה וְאֶל־אַֽהֲרֹ֖ן לֵאמֹֽר:
27"How much longer will this evil congregation who are causing to complain against Me [exist]? The complaints of the children of Israel which they caused them to complain against Me, I have heard.   כזעַד־מָתַ֗י לָֽעֵדָ֤ה הָֽרָעָה֙ הַזֹּ֔את אֲשֶׁ֛ר הֵ֥מָּה מַלִּינִ֖ים עָלָ֑י אֶת־תְּלֻנּ֞וֹת בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל אֲשֶׁ֨ר הֵ֧מָּה מַלִּינִ֛ים עָלַ֖י שָׁמָֽעְתִּי:
this evil congregation This refers to the spies; [we derive] from here that a congregation numbers [a minimum of] ten. — [Meg. 23b]   לָֽעֵדָה הָֽרָעָה וגו'  אֵלּוּ הַמְרַגְּלִים, מִכָּאן לָעֵדָה שֶׁהִיא עֲשָׂרָה (מגילה כ"ג):
who are causing the Israelites…   אֲשֶׁר הֵמָּה מַלִּינִים  אֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל עָלַי:
to complain against Me. The complaints of the children of Israel which they  the spies, caused them to complain against Me, I have heard.   אֶת־תְּלֻנּוֹת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אֲשֶׁר הֵמָּה  הַמְרַגְּלִים מלינים אוֹתָם עלי, שמעתי:
28Say to them, 'As I live,' says the Lord, 'if not as you have spoken in My ears, so will I do to you.   כחאֱמֹ֣ר אֲלֵהֶ֗ם חַי־אָ֨נִי֙ נְאֻם־יְהֹוָ֔ה אִם־לֹ֕א כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֥ר דִּבַּרְתֶּ֖ם בְּאָזְנָ֑י כֵּ֖ן אֶֽעֱשֶׂ֥ה לָכֶֽם:
As I live A term denoting an oath. “If not…so will I do”[i.e., if I do not do as you have spoken into My ears] it is as if I do not live, as it were.   חַי־אָנִי  לְשׁוֹן שְׁבוּעָה, אִם לֹא כֵן אֶעֱשֶׂה — כִּבְיָכוֹל אֵינִי חַי:
as you have spoken that you requested from Me, “or if only we had died in this desert” (verse 2).   כַּֽאֲשֶׁר דִּבַּרְתֶּם  שֶׁבִּקַּשְׁתֶּם מִמֶּנִּי "אוֹ בַּמִּדְבָּר הַזֶּה לוּ מָתְנוּ" (פסוק ב'):
29In this desert, your corpses shall fall; your entire number, all those from the age of twenty and up, who were counted, because you complained against Me.   כטבַּמִּדְבָּ֣ר הַ֠זֶּ֠ה יִפְּל֨וּ פִגְרֵיכֶ֜ם וְכָל־פְּקֻֽדֵיכֶם֙ לְכָל־מִסְפַּרְכֶ֔ם מִבֶּ֛ן עֶשְׂרִ֥ים שָׁנָ֖ה וָמָ֑עְלָה אֲשֶׁ֥ר הֲלִֽינֹתֶ֖ם עָלָֽי:
your entire number, all those…who were counted All those counted in any census which was numbered, for example going to or returning from war, contributing shekels; all those listed in those tallies will die. They are: All those from the age of twenty and up, excluding the tribe of Levi, who were not counted from the age of twenty [but from the age of one month].   וְכָל־פְּקֻֽדֵיכֶם לְכָל־מִסְפַּרְכֶם  כָּל הַנִּמְנֶה לְכָל מִסְפָּר שֶׁאַתֶּם נִמְנִים בּוֹ, כְּגוֹן לָצֵאת וְלָבֹא לַצָּבָא וְלָתֵת שְׁקָלִים, כָּל הַמְּנוּיִים לְכָל אוֹתָן מִסְפָּרוֹת יָמוּתוּ, וְאֵלּוּ הֵן מבן עשרים שנה וגו'; לְהוֹצִיא שִׁבְטוֹ שֶׁל לֵוִי שֶׁאֵין פְּקוּדֵיהֶם מִבֶּן עֶשְׂרִים:
30You shall [not] come into the Land concerning which I raised My hand that you would settle in it, except Caleb the son of Jephunneh and Joshua the son of Nun.   לאִם־אַתֶּם֙ תָּבֹ֣אוּ אֶל־הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֤ר נָשָׂ֨אתִי֙ אֶת־יָדִ֔י לְשַׁכֵּ֥ן אֶתְכֶ֖ם בָּ֑הּ כִּ֚י אִם־כָּלֵ֣ב בֶּן־יְפֻנֶּ֔ה וִֽיהוֹשֻׁ֖עַ בִּן־נֽוּן:
31As for your infants, of whom you said that they will be as spoils, I will bring them [there], and they will come to know the Land which You despised.   לאוְטַ֨פְּכֶ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲמַרְתֶּ֖ם לָבַ֣ז יִֽהְיֶ֑ה וְהֵֽבֵיאתִ֣י אֹתָ֔ם וְיָֽדְעוּ֙ אֶת־הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֥ר מְאַסְתֶּ֖ם בָּֽהּ:
32But as for you, your corpses shall fall in this desert.   לבוּפִגְרֵיכֶ֖ם אַתֶּ֑ם יִפְּל֖וּ בַּמִּדְבָּ֥ר הַזֶּֽה:
But as for you, your corpses As the Targum renders: וּפִגְרֵיכוֹן דִילְכוֹן, and your corpses of yours. Since [in the previous verse] He spoke about bringing the children into the Land, and now He wants to say, But as for you, you shall die, it is appropriate to use the term אַתֶּם [literally “you”].   וּפִגְרֵיכֶם אַתֶּם  כְּתַרְגּוּמוֹ, לְפִי שֶׁדִּבֵּר עַל הַבָּנִים לְהַכְנִיסָם לָאָרֶץ וּבִקֵּשׁ לוֹמַר וְאַתֶּם תָּמוּתוּ, נוֹפֵל לָשׁוֹן זֶה כָּאן לוֹמַר "אתם":
33Your children shall wander in the desert for forty years and bear your defection until the last of your corpses has fallen in the desert.   לגוּבְנֵיכֶ֠ם יִֽהְי֨וּ רֹעִ֤ים בַּמִּדְבָּר֙ אַרְבָּעִ֣ים שָׁנָ֔ה וְנָֽשְׂא֖וּ אֶת־זְנֽוּתֵיכֶ֑ם עַד־תֹּ֥ם פִּגְרֵיכֶ֖ם בַּמִּדְבָּֽר:
forty years Not one of them died before the age of sixty. This is why forty [years] was decreed, so that those who were twenty years old would reach the age of sixty. The first year was included although it preceded the dispatching of the spies. For from the time they made the [golden] calf, this decree had been in [God’s] mind, but He waited until their measure [of wickedness] was filled. This is what is stated, “But on the day I make an accounting”-at the time of the spies-“I shall reckon their sin” (Exod. 32:34). Here too, it says, “you will bear your iniquities” [in the plural, indicating] two iniquities: the [one of the] calf and the [one of] the complaint. In calculating their ages, Scripture considers part of a year like a whole year, and when they entered their sixtieth year, those who had been twenty years old [now] died. - [Midrash Tanchuma Shelach 13]   אַרְבָּעִים שָׁנָה  לֹא מֵת אֶחָד מֵהֶם פָּחוּת מִבֶּן שִׁשִּׁים, לְכָךְ נִגְזַר אַרְבָּעִים, כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּהְיוּ אוֹתָם שֶׁל בְּנֵי עֶשְׂרִים מַגִּיעִין לִכְלַל שִׁשִּׁים; שָׁנָה רִאשׁוֹנָה הָיְתָה בִכְלָל, וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁקָּדְמָה לְשִׁלּוּחַ הַמְרַגְּלִים, לְפִי שֶׁמִּשֶּׁעָשׂוּ אֶת הָעֶגֶל עָלְתָה גְזֵרָה זוֹ בְמַחֲשָׁבָה, אֶלָּא שֶׁהִמְתִּין לָהֶם עַד שֶׁתִּתְמַלֵּא סְאָתָם, וְזֶהוּ שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר "וּבְיוֹם פָּקְדִי" — בַּמְרַגְּלִים — "וּפָקַדְתִּי עֲלֵיהֶם חַטָּאתָם" (שמות ל"ב); וְאַף כָּאן נֶאֱמַר "תִּשְׂאוּ אֶת עֲוֹנֹתֵיכֶם" — שְׁתֵּי עֲוֹנוֹת, שֶׁל עֵגֶל וְשֶׁל תְּלוּנָה, וְחָשַׁב לָהֶם בְּמִנְיַן חַיֵּיהֶם מִקְצָת שָׁנָה כְּכֻלָּהּ, וּכְשֶׁנִּכְנְסוּ לִשְׁנַת שִׁשִּׁים מֵתוּ אוֹתָם שֶׁל בְּנֵי עֶשְׂרִים:
and bear your defection As the Targum renders,“They will endure your guilt.”   וְנָֽשְׂאוּ אֶת־זְנֽוּתֵיכֶם  כְּתַרְגּוּמוֹ "וִיקַבְּלוּן יָת חוֹבֵיכוֹן":
34According to the number of days which you toured the Land forty days, a day for each year, you will [thus] bear your iniquities for forty years; thus you will come to know My alienation.   לדבְּמִסְפַּ֨ר הַיָּמִ֜ים אֲשֶׁר־תַּרְתֶּ֣ם אֶת־הָאָ֘רֶץ֘ אַרְבָּעִ֣ים יוֹם֒ י֣וֹם לַשָּׁנָ֞ה י֣וֹם לַשָּׁנָ֗ה תִּשְׂאוּ֙ אֶת־עֲו‍ֹנֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם אַרְבָּעִ֖ים שָׁנָ֑ה וִֽידַעְתֶּ֖ם אֶת־תְּנֽוּאָתִֽי:
My alienation Heb. תְּנוּאָתִי, that you alienated your hearts from following Me. [The word] תְּנוּאָה denotes ‘removal,’ as in, “for her father obstructed [in the sense of removed] (הֵנִיא) her” [from her vow] (30:6).   אֶת־תְּנֽוּאָתִֽי  שֶׁהֲנִיאוֹתֶם אֶת לְבַבְכֶם מֵאַחֲרַי, תנואה לְשׁוֹן הֲסָרָה, כְּמוֹ "כִּי הֵנִיא אָבִיהָ אֹתָהּ" (במדבר ל):
35I, the Lord, have spoken if I will not do this to the entire evil congregation who have assembled against me; in this desert they will end, and there they will die.   להאֲנִ֣י יְהֹוָה֘ דִּבַּ֒רְתִּי֒ אִם־לֹ֣א | זֹ֣את אֶֽעֱשֶׂ֗ה לְכָל־הָֽעֵדָ֤ה הָֽרָעָה֙ הַזֹּ֔את הַנּֽוֹעָדִ֖ים עָלָ֑י בַּמִּדְבָּ֥ר הַזֶּ֛ה יִתַּ֖מּוּ וְשָׁ֥ם יָמֻֽתוּ:
36As for the men whom Moses had sent to scout the Land, who returned and caused the entire congregation to complain against him by spreading [a slanderous] report about the Land"   לווְהָ֣אֲנָשִׁ֔ים אֲשֶׁר־שָׁלַ֥ח משֶׁ֖ה לָת֣וּר אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ וַיָּשֻׁ֗בוּ וַיַּלִּ֤ינוּ (כתיב וילונו) עָלָיו֙ אֶת־כָּל־הָ֣עֵדָ֔ה לְהוֹצִ֥יא דִבָּ֖ה עַל־הָאָֽרֶץ:
who returned and caused… to complain against him When they returned from scouting the Land, they caused the entire congregation to complain against him by spreading slander-those men died. The expression הוֹצָאַת דִבָּה implies instructing to speak, for they ply the tongue of a man to speak about something, as in, “making the lips of the sleeping speak (דּוֹבֵב)” (Song 7:10). It may be for either good or bad, and that is why it says here (verse 37), “who spread an evil report about the Land” because a ‘report’ (דִבָּה) can [also] be good.   וַיָּשֻׁבוּ וילינו עָלָיו  וּכְשֶׁשָּׁבוּ מִתּוּר הָאָרֶץ הִרְעִימוּ עָלָיו אֶת כָּל הָעֵדָה בְּהוֹצָאַת דִּבָּה, אוֹתָם אֲנָשִׁים וימתו; כָּל הוֹצָאַת דִּבָּה לְשׁוֹן חִנּוּךְ דְּבָרִים, שֶׁמַּלְקִיחִים לְשׁוֹנָם לְאָדָם לְדַבֵּר בּוֹ, כְּמוֹ "דּוֹבֵב שִׂפְתֵי יְשֵׁנִים" (שיר השירים ז'), וְיֶשְׁנָהּ לְטוֹבָה וְיֶשְׁנָהּ לְרָעָה, לְכָךְ נֶאֱמַר כָּאן מוצאי דבת הארץ רעה, שֶׁיֵּשׁ דִּבָּה שֶׁהִיא טוֹבָה:
report Heb. דִבָּה, parleriz or parlediz in Old French, talk, gossip.   דִבָּה  פרליר"ש בְּלַעַז:
37the men who spread an evil report about the Land died in the plague, before the Lord.   לזוַיָּמֻ֨תוּ֙ הָֽאֲנָשִׁ֔ים מֽוֹצִאֵ֥י דִבַּת־הָאָ֖רֶץ רָעָ֑ה בַּמַּגֵּפָ֖ה לִפְנֵ֥י יְהֹוָֽה:
in the plague before the Lord Through that death which was fitting for them-measure for measure; they had sinned with the tongue and now [in retribution] their tongues extended to their navels. Worms came out from their tongues and entered their navels. This is why Scripture says, “in the plague,” rather than “in a plague,” and this is also the meaning of “before the Lord”-in that plague which was fitting for them according to the methods of the Holy One, blessed is He, [namely] that He metes out measure for measure. - [Sotah 35a]   בַּמַּגֵּפָה לִפְנֵי ה'  בְּאוֹתָהּ מִיתָה הַהֲגוּנָה לָהֶם, מִדָּה כְּנֶגֶד מִדָּה, הֵם חָטְאוּ בַּלָּשׁוֹן, וְנִשְׁתַּרְבֵּב לְשׁוֹנָם עַד טַבּוּרָם וְתוֹלָעִים יוֹצְאִים מִלְּשׁוֹנָם וּבָאִין לְתוֹךְ טַבּוּרָם, לְכָךְ נֶאֱמַר "בַּמַּגֵּפָה" וְלֹא "בְמַגֵּפָה", וְזֶהוּ לפני ה' — בְּאוֹתָהּ הָרְאוּיָה לָהֶם עַל פִּי מִדּוֹתָיו שֶׁל הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא שֶׁהוּא מוֹדֵד מִדָּה כְּנֶגֶד מִדָּה (סוטה ל"ה):
38But Joshua the son of Nun and Caleb the son of Jephunneh remained alive of the men who went to tour the Land.   לחוִֽיהוֹשֻׁ֣עַ בִּן־נ֔וּן וְכָלֵ֖ב בֶּן־יְפֻנֶּ֑ה חָיוּ֙ מִן־הָֽאֲנָשִׁ֣ים הָהֵ֔ם הַהֹֽלְכִ֖ים לָת֥וּר אֶת־הָאָֽרֶץ:
But Joshua…and Caleb…remained alive… What does Scripture mean by saying, “remained alive of the men”? It teaches that they took the spies’ portion in the Land, and replaced them in life, as it were. [B.B. 118b]   וִֽיהוֹשֻׁעַ וְכָלֵב … חָיוּ וגו'  מַה תַּלְמוּד לוֹמָר חיו מן האנשים ההם? אֶלָּא מְלַמֵּד שֶׁנָּטְלוּ חֶלְקָם שֶׁל מְרַגְּלִים בָּאָרֶץ וְקָמוּ תַחְתֵּיהֶם לַחַיִּים (בבא בתרא קי"ח):
39Moses related all these words to the children of Israel, and the people mourned greatly.   לטוַיְדַבֵּ֤ר משֶׁה֙ אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֔לֶּה אֶל־כָּל־בְּנֵ֖י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיִּתְאַבְּל֥וּ הָעָ֖ם מְאֹֽד:
40They arose early in the morning and ascended to the mountain top, saying, "We are ready to go up to the place of which the Lord spoke, for we have sinned. "   מוַיַּשְׁכִּ֣מוּ בַבֹּ֔קֶר וַיַּֽעֲל֥וּ אֶל־רֹֽאשׁ־הָהָ֖ר לֵאמֹ֑ר הִנֶּ֗נּוּ וְעָלִ֛ינוּ אֶל־הַמָּק֛וֹם אֲשֶׁר־אָמַ֥ר יְהֹוָ֖ה כִּ֥י חָטָֽאנוּ:
to the mountain top That is the route leading up to the Land of Israel.   אֶל־רֹֽאשׁ־הָהָר  הוּא הַדֶּרֶךְ הָעוֹלֶה לְאֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל:
We are ready to go up to the place To the Land of Israel.   הִנֶּנּוּ וְעָלִינוּ אֶל־הַמָּקוֹם  לְאֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל:
of which the Lord spoke to give to us; let us go up there.   אֲשֶׁר־אָמַר ה'  לְתִתָּהּ לָנוּ, שָׁם נַעֲלֶה:
for we have sinned By saying, “Is it not better for us to return to Egypt?” (verse 3).   כִּי חָטָֽאנוּ  עַל אֲשֶׁר אָמַרְנוּ הֲלוֹא טוֹב לָנוּ שׁוּב מִצְרָיְמָה:
41Moses said, "Why do you transgress the word of the Lord? It will not succeed.   מאוַיֹּ֣אמֶר משֶׁ֔ה לָ֥מָּה זֶּ֛ה אַתֶּ֥ם עֹֽבְרִ֖ים אֶת־פִּ֣י יְהֹוָ֑ה וְהִ֖וא לֹ֥א תִצְלָֽח:
It will not succeed What you are doing will not succeed.   וְהִוא לֹא תִצְלָֽח  זוֹ שֶׁאַתֶּם עוֹשִׂים לֹא תִצְלָח:
42Do not go up, for the Lord is not among you, [so that] you will not be beaten by your enemies.   מבאַל־תַּֽעֲל֔וּ כִּ֛י אֵ֥ין יְהֹוָ֖ה בְּקִרְבְּכֶ֑ם וְלֹא֙ תִּנָּ֣גְפ֔וּ לִפְנֵ֖י אֹֽיְבֵיכֶֽם:
43For the Amalekites and the Canaanites are there before you, and you will fall by the sword. For you have turned away from the Lord, and the Lord will not be with you.   מגכִּי֩ הָֽעֲמָֽלֵקִ֨י וְהַכְּנַֽעֲנִ֥י שָׁם֙ לִפְנֵיכֶ֔ם וּנְפַלְתֶּ֖ם בֶּחָ֑רֶב כִּֽי־עַל־כֵּ֤ן שַׁבְתֶּם֙ מֵאַֽחֲרֵ֣י יְהֹוָ֔ה וְלֹא־יִֽהְיֶ֥ה יְהֹוָ֖ה עִמָּכֶֽם:
For you have turned away That is to say: This will happen to you because you have turned away etc…   כִּי עַל־כֵּן שַׁבְתֶּם  כְּלוֹמַר, כִּי זֹאת תָּבֹא לָכֶם עַל אֲשֶׁר שַׁבְתֶּם וְגוֹ':
44They defiantly ascended to the mountain top, but the Ark of the Covenant of the Lord and Moses did not move from the camp.   מדוַיַּעְפִּ֕לוּ לַֽעֲל֖וֹת אֶל־רֹ֣אשׁ הָהָ֑ר וַֽאֲר֤וֹן בְּרִית־יְהֹוָה֙ וּמשֶׁ֔ה לֹא־מָ֖שׁוּ מִקֶּ֥רֶב הַמַּֽחֲנֶֽה:
They defiantly ascended Heb. וַיַעְפִּלוּ, a term connoting insolence; similarly (Hab. 2:4), “behold, it is insolent (עֻפְּלָה),” in old French, engres, a term denoting arrogant boldness. Similarly, “the tower (עֹפֶל) of the daughter of Zion” (Mic. 4:8); “rampart (עֹפֶל) and tower” (Isa. 32:14). The Midrash Tanchuma (Buber Shelach addendum 19) interprets it as a term denoting darkness (אֹפֶל); they [the Israelites] went in darkness, without permission.   וַיַּעְפִּלוּ  לְשׁוֹן חֹזֶק, וְכֵן "הִנֵּה עֻפְּלָה" (חבקוק ב'), אינג"ריש בְּלַעַז, לְשׁוֹן עַזּוּת, וְכֵן "עֹפֶל בַּת צִיּוֹן" (מיכה ד'), "עֹפֶל וָבַחַן" (ישעיהו ל"ב), וּמִדְרַשׁ תַּנְחוּמָא מְפָרְשׁוֹ לְשׁוֹן אֹפֶל — הָלְכוּ חֲשֵׁכִים, שֶׁלֹא בִרְשׁוּת:
45The Amalekites and the Canaanites who lived on the mountain came down and smote them and crushed them [pursuing them] until Hormah.   מהוַיֵּ֤רֶד הָֽעֲמָֽלֵקִי֙ וְהַכְּנַֽעֲנִ֔י הַיּשֵׁ֖ב בָּהָ֣ר הַה֑וּא וַיַּכּ֥וּם וַיַּכְּת֖וּם עַד־הַֽחָרְמָֽה:
and crushed them Heb. וַיַּכְּתוּם, as in, “and I crushed (וָאֶכּוֹת) it, grinding it” (Deut. 9:21), [implying] blow after blow.   וַיַּכְּתוּם  כְּמוֹ "וָאֶכֹּת אֹתוֹ טָחוֹן" (דברים ט') — מַכָּה אַחַר מַכָּה:
until Hormah The name of the place [which means destruction] commemorates the event which took place there.   עַד־הַֽחָרְמָֽה  שֵׁם הַמָּקוֹם נִקְרָא עַל שֵׁם הַמְּאֹרָע:

Bamidbar (Numbers) Chapter 15

1The Lord spoke to Moses saying:   אוַיְדַבֵּ֥ר יְהֹוָ֖ה אֶל־משֶׁ֥ה לֵּאמֹֽר:
2Speak to the children of Israel and say to them: When you arrive in the Land of your dwelling place, which I am giving you,   בדַּבֵּר֙ אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְאָֽמַרְתָּ֖ אֲלֵהֶ֑ם כִּ֣י תָבֹ֗אוּ אֶל־אֶ֨רֶץ֙ מֽוֹשְׁבֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲנִ֖י נֹתֵ֥ן לָכֶֽם:
When you arrive He informed them that they would enter the Land.   כִּי תָבֹאוּ  בִּשֵּׂר לָהֶם שֶׁיִּכָּנְסוּ לָאָרֶץ:
3and you make a fire offering to the Lord, a burnt offering or a sacrifice [namely a peace offering], for an expressed vow or for a voluntary offering or on your festivals, to provide a pleasing fragrance for the Lord, from the cattle or from the sheep.   גוַֽעֲשִׂיתֶ֨ם אִשֶּׁ֤ה לַֽיהֹוָה֙ עֹלָ֣ה אוֹ־זֶ֔בַח לְפַלֵּא־נֶ֨דֶר֙ א֣וֹ בִנְדָבָ֔ה א֖וֹ בְּמֹֽעֲדֵיכֶ֑ם לַֽעֲשׂ֞וֹת רֵ֤יחַ נִיחֹ֨חַ֙ לַיהֹוָ֔ה מִן־הַבָּקָ֖ר א֥וֹ מִן־הַצֹּֽאן:
and you make a fire-offering This is not a command, but [it means that], when you arrive there and you decide to make a fire-offering for the Lord…   וַֽעֲשִׂיתֶם אִשֶּׁה  אֵין זֶה צִוּוּי, אֶלָּא כְּשֶׁתָּבֹאוּ שָׁם וְתַעֲלֶה עַל לְבַבְכֶם לַעֲשׂוֹת אִשֶּׁה לַה':
for an expressed vow or for a voluntary offering… Or, you make a fire-offering for the obligatory festival sacrifice, which I required you to make on festivals.   לְפַלֵּא־נֶדֶר אוֹ־בִנְדָבָה וגו'  אוֹ שֶׁתַּעֲשׂוּ הָאִשֶּׁה בִּשְׁבִיל חוֹבַת מוֹעֲדֵיכֶם, שֶׁחִיַּבְתִּי אֶתְכֶם לַעֲשׂוֹת בַּמּוֹעֵד:
a pleasing fragrance That it should afford Me contentment.   רֵיחַ נִיחֹחַ  נַחַת רוּחַ לְפָנַי:
4The one who brings his offering to the Lord shall present a meal offering containing one tenth fine flour mixed with a quarter of a hin of oil.   דוְהִקְרִ֛יב הַמַּקְרִ֥יב קָרְבָּנ֖וֹ לַֽיהֹוָ֑ה מִנְחָה֙ סֹ֣לֶת עִשָּׂר֔וֹן בָּל֕וּל בִּרְבִעִ֥ית הַהִ֖ין שָֽׁמֶן:
The one who brings his offering…shall present You shall offer up libations and a meal-offering for each animal. The meal-offering is completely consumed, and the oil is blended into it. The wine is put into basins [from which it runs onto the altar and down to the foundations], as we learned in Tractate Sukkah (48a, b)   וְהִקְרִיב הַמַּקְרִיב  תַּקְרִיבוּ נְסָכִים וּמִנְחָה לְכָל בְּהֵמָה; הַמִּנְחָה כָּלִיל וְהַשֶּׁמֶן נִבְלָל בְּתוֹכָהּ, וְהַיַּיִן לַסְּפָלִים, כְּמוֹ שֶׁשָּׁנִינוּ בְמַסֶּכֶת סֻכָּה (דף מ"ח):
5And a quarter of a hin of wine for a libation, you shall prepare with the burnt offering or for the sacrifice, for each lamb.   הוְיַ֤יִן לַנֶּ֨סֶךְ֙ רְבִיעִ֣ית הַהִ֔ין תַּֽעֲשֶׂ֥ה עַל־הָֽעֹלָ֖ה א֣וֹ לַזָּ֑בַח לַכֶּ֖בֶשׂ הָֽאֶחָֽד:
for each lamb This relates to everything mentioned above-the meal-offering, the oil and the wine.   לַכֶּבֶשׂ הָֽאֶחָֽד  עַל כָּל הָאָמוּר לְמַעְלָה הוּא מוּסָב — עַל הַמִּנְחָה וְעַל הַשֶּׁמֶן וְעַל הַיָּיִן:
6Or for a ram, you shall present a meal offering containing two tenths fine flour mixed with a third of a hin of oil.   וא֤וֹ לָאַ֨יִל֙ תַּֽעֲשֶׂ֣ה מִנְחָ֔ה סֹ֖לֶת שְׁנֵ֣י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֑ים בְּלוּלָ֥ה בַשֶּׁ֖מֶן שְׁלִשִׁ֥ית הַהִֽין:
Or for a ram [I.e.,] if [the animal you bring is] a ram. Our Sages expounded [the word] אוֹ, “or” to include the palgas [a sheep in its thirteenth month, which is neither a lamb nor a ram] for the libations of a ram. - [Chullin 23a, see Parah 1:3]   אוֹ לָאַיִל  וְאִם אַיִל הוּא; וְרַבּוֹתֵינוּ דָרְשׁוּ "אוֹ" — לְרַבּוֹת אֶת הַפַּלְגָּס לְנִסְכֵּי אַיִל (מנחות צ"א):
7And a third of a hin of wine for a libation; you shall offer up, a pleasing fragrance to the Lord.   זוְיַ֥יִן לַנֶּ֖סֶךְ שְׁלִשִׁ֣ית הַהִ֑ין תַּקְרִ֥יב רֵֽיחַ־נִיחֹ֖חַ לַֽיהֹוָֽה: