Bamidbar (Numbers) Chapter 7

1On the day on which Moses finished erecting the Tabernacle, he anointed and sanctified it and all its vessels, and anointed and sanctified the Altar and all its vessels.   אוַיְהִ֡י בְּיוֹם֩ כַּלּ֨וֹת משֶׁ֜ה לְהָקִ֣ים אֶת־הַמִּשְׁכָּ֗ן וַיִּמְשַׁ֨ח אֹת֜וֹ וַיְקַדֵּ֤שׁ אֹתוֹ֙ וְאֶת־כָּל־כֵּלָ֔יו וְאֶת־הַמִּזְבֵּ֖חַ וְאֶת־כָּל־כֵּלָ֑יו וַיִּמְשָׁחֵ֖ם וַיְקַדֵּ֥שׁ אֹתָֽם:
וַיְהִי בְּיוֹם כַּלּוֹת משֶׁה - On the day on which Moses finished. It is written כלת intimating the word כַּלָּה “bride,” for on the day the Tabernacle was erected the Israelites were like a bride entering the bridal canopy.   וַיְהִי בְּיוֹם כַּלּוֹת משֶׁה.  כלת כְּתִיב — יוֹם הֲקָמַת הַמִּשְׁכָּן הָיוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל כְּכַלָּה הַנִּכְנֶסֶת לַחֻפָּה (פסיקתא; תנחומא):
כַּלּוֹת משֶׁה - Moses finished. Betzalel, Oholiav and all the wise-hearted people made the Tabernacle, yet Scripture attributes it to Moses. This is because he applied himself to oversee the form of each item as God had shown him on Mount Sinai, instructing the craftsmen that they be exactly so, and he did not err in a single form. We find the same with David: since he applied himself to preparing for the construction of the Holy Temple, as it says: “God, remember on David’s behalf all his affliction, how he swore to God: I will not enter my house, I will not lie on my couch, I will not allow my eyes to sleep…until I find a place for God,” 1 it was called by his name although his son Solomon built it, as it says: “see to your own House, David.” 2   כַּלּוֹת משֶׁה.  בְּצַלְאֵל וְאָהֳלִיאָב וְכָל חֲכַם לֵב עָשׂוּ אֶת הַמִּשְׁכָּן, וּתְלָאוֹ הַכָּתוּב בְּמֹשֶׁה, לְפִי שֶׁמָּסַר נַפְשׁוֹ עָלָיו, לִרְאוֹת תַּבְנִית כָּל דָּבָר וְדָבָר כְּמוֹ שֶׁהֶרְאָהוּ בָהָר, לְהוֹרוֹת לְעוֹשֵׂי הַמְּלָאכָה, וְלֹא טָעָה בְּתַבְנִית אַחַת; וְכֵן מָצִינוּ בְּדָוִד, לְפִי שֶׁמָּסַר נַפְשׁוֹ עַל בִּנְיַן בֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר "זְכוֹר ה' לְדָוִד אֵת כָּל עֻנּוֹתוֹ אֲשֶׁר נִשְׁבַּע לַה'" וְגוֹ' (תהילים קל"ב), לְפִיכָךְ נִקְרָא עַל שְׁמוֹ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (מ"א י"ב) "רְאֵה בֵיתְךָ דָּוִד" (תנחומא):
כַּלּוֹת משֶׁה לְהָקִים - On the day on which Moses finished erecting - It does not say: בְּיוֹם הָקִים “on the day on which Moses erected.” This teaches us that on the all previous seven days of the installation rites, Moses erected it and dismantled it, but on that day he erected it but did not dismantle it. It therefore says: “on the day on which Moses finished erecting,” i.e., on that day the repeated erections of the Tabernacle ended. This was on the first day of Nisan. On the second day, the red cow was burned; on the third day, the Levites were dashed with the first dashing of the water mixed with the cow’s ashes; and on the seventh day they were shaven.   כַּלּוֹת משֶׁה לְהָקִים.  וְלֹא נֶאֱמַר בְּיוֹם הָקִים, מְלַמֵּד שֶׁכָּל שִׁבְעַת יְמֵי הַמִּלּוּאִים הָיָה מֹשֶׁה מַעֲמִידוֹ וּמְפָרְקוֹ, וּבְאוֹתוֹ הַיּוֹם הֶעֱמִידוֹ וְלֹא פֵּרְקוֹ, לְכָךְ נֶאֱמַר "כַּלּוֹת מֹשֶׁה לְהָקִים" — אוֹתוֹ הַיּוֹם כָּלוּ הֲקָמוֹתָיו, וְרֹאשׁ חֹדֶשׁ נִיסָן הָיָה, בַּשֵּׁנִי נִשְׂרְפָה הַפָּרָה, בַּשְּׁלִישִׁי הִזּוּ הַזָּיָה רִאשׁוֹנָה, וּבַשְּׁבִיעִי גִּלְּחוּ (ספרי):
2The princes of Israel, the heads of their fathers’ houses, presented their offerings. They were the princes of the tribes; they were the ones who would be present during the counting.   בוַיַּקְרִ֨יבוּ֙ נְשִׂיאֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל רָאשֵׁ֖י בֵּ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם הֵ֚ם נְשִׂיאֵ֣י הַמַּטֹּ֔ת הֵ֥ם הָעֹֽמְדִ֖ים עַל־הַפְּקֻדִֽים:
הֵם נְשִׂיאֵי הַמַּטֹּת - They were the princes of the tribes - who were their foremen in Egypt and were beaten on their account, as it says: “The foremen from among the Israelites were flogged….” 3   הֵם נְשִׂיאֵי הַמַּטֹּת.  שֶׁהָיוּ שׁוֹטְרִים עֲלֵיהֶם בְּמִצְרַיִם וְהָיוּ מֻכִּים עֲלֵיהֶם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שמות ה') וַיֻּכּוּ שֹׁטְרֵי בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְגוֹ' (ספרי):
הֵם הָעֹֽמְדִים עַל־הַפְּקֻדִֽים - They were the ones who (lit.) would stand upon the counted ones - i.e., they later stood with Moses and Aaron when they counted the Israelites, as it says: “There must be one man with you from each tribe….” 4   הֵם הָעֹֽמְדִים עַל־הַפְּקֻדִֽים.  שֶׁעָמְדוּ עִם מֹשֶׁה וְאַהֲרֹן כְּשֶׁמָּנוּ אֶת יִשְֹרָאֵל, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר "וְאִתְּכֶם יִהְיוּ וְגוֹ'" (במדבר א'):
3They brought their offering before God: six covered wagons and 12 cattle—a wagon from each two princes and a work-bull from each one. They presented them in front of the Tabernacle.   גוַיָּבִ֨יאוּ אֶת־קָרְבָּנָ֜ם לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָֹ֗ה שֵֽׁשׁ־עֶגְלֹ֥ת צָב֙ וּשְׁנֵ֣י עָשָׂ֣ר בָּקָ֔ר עֲגָלָ֛ה עַל־שְׁנֵ֥י הַנְּשִׂאִ֖ים וְשׁ֣וֹר לְאֶחָ֑ד וַיַּקְרִ֥יבוּ אוֹתָ֖ם לִפְנֵ֥י הַמִּשְׁכָּֽן:
שֵֽׁשׁ־עֶגְלֹת צָב - Six covered wagons. The term צָב means nothing other than “covered,” and so we find וּבַצַּבִּים וּבַפְּרָדִים “with covered wagons and mules,” 5 that covered wagons are termed צַבִּים.   שֵֽׁשׁ־עֶגְלֹת צָב.  אֵין צָב אֶלָּא מְחֻפִּים, וְכֵן "וּבַצַּבִּים וּבַפְּרָדִים" (ישעיה ס"ו); עֲגָלוֹת מְכֻסּוֹת קְרוּיוֹת צַבִּים:
וַיַּקְרִיבוּ אוֹתָם לִפְנֵי הַמִּשְׁכָּֽן - They presented them in front of the Tabernacle - because Moses did not accept them from them until he was told to by the Omnipresent. Rabbi Natan said: What prompted the princes to be the first to contribute here, whereas in the construction of the Tabernacle they were not the first to contribute? It is only because at that time, this is what the princes said: “Let the community contribute whatever they will contribute, and whatever is missing we will complete.” Once they saw that the community had provided everything – as it says: “what had been brought was enough” 6 – they said, “What can we do now?” So they brought the only things left to bring: the onyx stones and inset stones for the Ephod and the Breastplate. Therefore, here they contributed first.   וַיַּקְרִיבוּ אוֹתָם לִפְנֵי הַמִּשְׁכָּֽן.  שֶׁלֹּא קִבֵּל מֹשֶׁה מִיָּדָם עַד שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר לוֹ מִפִּי הַמָּקוֹם; אָמַר רַבִּי נָתָן מָה רָאוּ הַנְּשִׂיאִים לְהִתְנַדֵּב כָּאן בַּתְּחִלָּה, וּבִמְלֶאכֶת הַמִּשְׁכָּן לֹא הִתְנַדְּבוּ תְּחִלָּה? אֶלָּא כָּךְ אָמְרוּ הַנְּשִׂיאִים, יִתְנַדְּבוּ צִבּוּר מַה שֶּׁיִּתְנַדְּבוּ, וּמַה שֶּׁמְּחַסְּרִין, אָנוּ מַשְׁלִימִין, כֵּיוָן שֶׁרָאוּ שֶׁהִשְׁלִימוּ צִבּוּר אֶת הַכֹּל, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר "וְהַמְּלָאכָה הָיְתָה דַיָּם" (שמות ל"ו), אָמְרוּ מֵעַתָּה מַה לָּנוּ לַעֲשׂוֹת? הֵבִיאוּ אַבְנֵי הַשֹּׁהַם וְהַמִּלּוּאִים לָאֵפוֹד וְלַחֹשֶׁן, לְכָךְ הִתְנַדְּבוּ כָּאן תְּחִלָּה (ספרי):
4God spoke to Moses, saying:   דוַיֹּ֥אמֶר יְהוָֹ֖ה אֶל־משֶׁ֥ה לֵּאמֹֽר:
5“Take these work-bulls and wagons from them, and let them be used in the service of the Tent of Meeting. You must give them to the Levites, in accordance with each man’s work.”   הקַ֚ח מֵֽאִתָּ֔ם וְהָי֕וּ לַֽעֲבֹ֕ד אֶת־עֲבֹדַ֖ת אֹ֣הֶל מוֹעֵ֑ד וְנָֽתַתָּ֤ה אוֹתָם֙ אֶל־הַֽלְוִיִּ֔ם אִ֖ישׁ כְּפִ֥י עֲבֹֽדָתֽוֹ:
6So Moses took the wagons and the cattle and gave them to the Levites.   ווַיִּקַּ֣ח משֶׁ֔ה אֶת־הָֽעֲגָלֹ֖ת וְאֶת־הַבָּקָ֑ר וַיִּתֵּ֥ן אוֹתָ֖ם אֶל־הַֽלְוִיִּֽם:
7He gave two wagons and four cattle to the clan of Gershon, according to their work.   זאֵ֣ת | שְׁתֵּ֣י הָֽעֲגָל֗וֹת וְאֵת֙ אַרְבַּ֣עַת הַבָּקָ֔ר נָתַ֖ן לִבְנֵ֣י גֵֽרְשׁ֑וֹן כְּפִ֖י עֲבֹֽדָתָֽם:
כְּפִי עֲבֹֽדָתָֽם - According to their work - for the burden of the clan of Gershon was lighter than that of the clan of Merari, who carried the heavy planks, pillars, and bases.   כְּפִי עֲבֹֽדָתָֽם.  שֶׁהָיָה מַשָּׂא בְנֵי גֵרְשׁוֹן קַל מִשֶּׁל מְרָרִי, שֶׁהָיוּ נוֹשְׂאִים הַקְּרָשִׁים וְהָעַמּוּדִים וְהָאֲדָנִים:
8And he gave four wagons and eight cattle to the clan of Merari, according to their work under the direction of Itamar son of Aaron the priest.   חוְאֵ֣ת | אַרְבַּ֣ע הָֽעֲגָלֹ֗ת וְאֵת֙ שְׁמֹנַ֣ת הַבָּקָ֔ר נָתַ֖ן לִבְנֵ֣י מְרָרִ֑י כְּפִי֙ עֲבֹ֣דָתָ֔ם בְּיַד֙ אִֽיתָמָ֔ר בֶּן־אַֽהֲרֹ֖ן הַכֹּהֵֽן:
9But to the clan of Kehat he did not give any wagons, for incumbent upon them was the work involving the holy objects, which they were to carry on their shoulders.   טוְלִבְנֵ֥י קְהָ֖ת לֹ֣א נָתָ֑ן כִּֽי־עֲבֹדַ֤ת הַקֹּ֨דֶשׁ֙ עֲלֵהֶ֔ם בַּכָּתֵ֖ף יִשָּֽׂאוּ:
כִּֽי־עֲבֹדַת הַקֹּדֶשׁ עֲלֵהֶם - For incumbent upon them was (lit.) the holy work - i.e., that of carrying the holy objects: the Ark, the Table, etc., therefore “they were to carry it on their shoulders.”   כִּֽי־עֲבֹדַת הַקֹּדֶשׁ עֲלֵהֶם.  מַשָּׂא דְּבַר הַקְּדֻשָּׁה — הָאָרוֹן וְהַשֻּׁלְחָן וְגוֹ', לְפִיכָךְ בַּכָּתֵף יִשָּׂאוּ:
10The princes brought offerings for the dedication of the Altar on the day it was anointed. The princes presented their offerings in front of the Altar.   יוַיַּקְרִ֣יבוּ הַנְּשִׂאִ֗ים אֵ֚ת חֲנֻכַּ֣ת הַמִּזְבֵּ֔חַ בְּי֖וֹם הִמָּשַׁ֣ח אֹת֑וֹ וַיַּקְרִ֧יבוּ הַנְּשִׂיאִ֛ם אֶת־קָרְבָּנָ֖ם לִפְנֵ֥י הַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ:
וַיַּקְרִיבוּ הַנְּשִׂאִים אֵת חֲנֻכַּת הַמִּזְבֵּחַ - The princes brought the dedication of the Altar. After they contributed the wagons and the cattle to transport the Tabernacle, they were inspired to contribute offerings for the Altar in order to dedicate it.   וַיַּקְרִיבוּ הַנְּשִׂאִים אֵת חֲנֻכַּת הַמִּזְבֵּחַ.  לְאַחַר שֶׁהִתְנַדְּבוּ הָעֲגָלוֹת וְהַבָּקָר לָשֵׂאת הַמִּשְׁכָּן, נְשָׂאָם לִבָּם לְהִתְנַדֵּב קָרְבְּנוֹת הַמִּזְבֵּחַ לְחַנְּכוֹ:
וַיַּקְרִיבוּ הַנְּשִׂיאִם אֵת קָרְבָּנָם לִפְנֵי הַמִּזְבֵּחַ - The princes presented their offerings in front of the Altar - for Moses did not accept them from them until he was told to by the Almighty.   וַיַּקְרִיבוּ הַנְּשִׂיאִם אֵת קָרְבָּנָם לִפְנֵי הַמִּזְבֵּחַ.  כִּי לֹא קִבֵּל מֹשֶׁה מִיָּדָם עַד שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר לוֹ מִפִּי הַגְּבוּרָה (ספרי):
11God said to Moses, “Let one prince each day present his offering for the dedication of the Altar.”   יאוַיֹּ֥אמֶר יְהוָֹ֖ה אֶל־משֶׁ֑ה נָשִׂ֨יא אֶחָ֜ד לַיּ֗וֹם נָשִׂ֤יא אֶחָד֙ לַיּ֔וֹם יַקְרִ֨יבוּ֙ אֶת־קָרְבָּנָ֔ם לַֽחֲנֻכַּ֖ת הַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ:
יַקְרִיבוּ אֶת־קָרְבָּנָם לַֽחֲנֻכַּת הַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ - Let [one prince each day] present his offering for the dedication of the Altar. But Moses did not yet know how they would bring their offerings – in the order of their birth or in the order their tribes were organized when journeying – until he was told by the Holy One, blessed be He: They must offer up their sacrifices according to the order of their journeying formation, each one on his respective day.   יַקְרִיבוּ אֶת־קָרְבָּנָם לַֽחֲנֻכַּת הַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ.  וַעֲדַיִן לֹא הָיָה יוֹדֵעַ מֹשֶׁה הֵיאַךְ יַקְרִיבוּ, אִם כְּסֵדֶר תּוֹלְדוֹתָם, אִם כְּסֵדֶר הַמַּסָּעוֹת, עַד שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר לוֹ מִפִּי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא יַקְרִיבוּ לַמַּסָּעוֹת, אִישׁ יוֹמוֹ (שם):
12The one who brought his offering on the first day was Nachshon son of Aminadav of the tribe of Judah.   יבוַיְהִ֗י הַמַּקְרִ֛יב בַּיּ֥וֹם הָֽרִאשׁ֖וֹן אֶת־קָרְבָּנ֑וֹ נַחְשׁ֥וֹן בֶּן־עַמִּֽינָדָ֖ב לְמַטֵּ֥ה יְהוּדָֽה:
בַּיּוֹם הָֽרִאשׁוֹן - On the first day. That day received 10 crowns: It was the first day of the seven days of creation, the first day of the offerings of the princes, etc., as stated in Seder Olam. 7   בַּיּוֹם הָֽרִאשׁוֹן.  אוֹתוֹ הַיּוֹם נָטַל עֶשֶׂר עֲטָרוֹת, רִאשׁוֹן לְמַעֲשֵׂה בְרֵאשִׁית, רִאשׁוֹן לַנְּשִׂיאִים וְכוּ', כִּדְאִיתָא בְסֵדֶר עוֹלָם:
לְמַטֵּה יְהוּדָֽה - Of the tribe of Judah. Scripture gives his ancestry as being of his tribe, but the intent is not that he collected money from his tribe to bring this sacrifice. Or perhaps it means: “on behalf of the tribe of Judah,” meaning that he collected money from his tribe to bring his sacrifice? In order to rule out this supposition, Scripture states later: “This was the offering of Nachshon” 8 – meaning that he brought it from his own funds.   לְמַטֵּה יְהוּדָֽה.  יִחֲסוֹ הַכָּתוּב עַל שִׁבְטוֹ, וְלֹא שֶׁגָּבָה מִשִּׁבְטוֹ וְהִקְרִיב, אוֹ אֵינוֹ אוֹמֵר "לְמַטֵּה יְהוּדָה" אֶלָּא שֶׁגָּבָה מִשִּׁבְטוֹ וְהֵבִיא, תַּלְמוּד לוֹמָר "זֶה קָרְבַּן נַחְשׁוֹן" — מִשֶּׁלּוֹ הֵבִיא (שם):
13His offering was one silver bowl weighing 130 shekels, one silver dashing basin weighing 70 shekels according to the value of the sacred shekel, both filled with fine flour mixed with oil for a grain-offering,   יגוְקָרְבָּנ֞וֹ קַֽעֲרַת־כֶּ֣סֶף אַחַ֗ת שְׁלשִׁ֣ים וּמֵאָה֘ מִשְׁקָלָהּ֒ מִזְרָ֤ק אֶחָד֙ כֶּ֔סֶף שִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל בְּשֶׁ֣קֶל הַקֹּ֑דֶשׁ שְׁנֵיהֶ֣ם | מְלֵאִ֗ים סֹ֛לֶת בְּלוּלָ֥ה בַשֶּׁ֖מֶן לְמִנְחָֽה:
שְׁנֵיהֶם מְלֵאִים סֹלֶת - Both filled with fine flour - as a voluntary grain-offering.   שְׁנֵיהֶם מְלֵאִים סֹלֶת.  לְמִנְחַת נְדָבָה:
14one gold spoon weighing 10 shekels filled with incense,   ידכַּ֥ף אַחַ֛ת עֲשָׂרָ֥ה זָהָ֖ב מְלֵאָ֥ה קְטֹֽרֶת:
עֲשָׂרָה זָהָב - (lit.) 10 gold. Its meaning is as Onkelos translates it; i.e., it had the weight of 10 silver holy shekels.   עֲשָׂרָה זָהָב.  כְּתַרְגּוּמוֹ, מִשְׁקַל עֶשֶׂר שִׁקְלֵי הַקֹּדֶשׁ הָיָה בָהּ:
מְלֵאָה קְטֹֽרֶת - Filled with incense. We do not find any case of incense brought by an individual or on the Outer Altar except for this one. It was a one-time ruling.   מְלֵאָה קְטֹֽרֶת.  לֹא מָצִינוּ קְטֹרֶת לְיָחִיד וְלֹא עַל מִזְבֵּחַ הַחִיצוֹן אֶלָּא זוֹ בִּלְבַד, וְהוֹרָאַת שָׁעָה הָיְתָה (מנחות נ'):
15one young bull, one ram, one lamb in its first year as an ascent-offering,   טופַּ֣ר אֶחָ֞ד בֶּן־בָּקָ֗ר אַ֧יִל אֶחָ֛ד כֶּֽבֶשׂ־אֶחָ֥ד בֶּן־שְׁנָת֖וֹ לְעֹלָֽה:
פַּר אֶחָד - One young bull - i.e., a unique one, i.e., the choicest in its herd.   פַּר אֶחָד.  מְיֻחָד שֶׁבְּעֶדְרוֹ (עי' ספרי):
16one young he-goat as a sin-offering,   טזשְׂעִיר־עִזִּ֥ים אֶחָ֖ד לְחַטָּֽאת:
שְׂעִיר־עִזִּים אֶחָד לְחַטָּֽאת - One young he-goat as a sin-offering - to atone for any possible ritual defilement such as walking above an unknown grave in the depths.   שְׂעִיר־עִזִּים אֶחָד לְחַטָּֽאת.  לְכַפֵּר עַל קֶבֶר הַתְּהוֹם — טֻמְאַת סָפֵק (עי' ספרי):
17and for the peace-promoting feast-offering: two bulls, five rams, five he-goats, and five lambs in their first year. This was the offering of Nachshon son of Aminadav.   יזוּלְזֶ֣בַח הַשְּׁלָמִים֘ בָּקָ֣ר שְׁנַ֒יִם֒ אֵילִ֤ם חֲמִשָּׁה֙ עַתּוּדִ֣ים חֲמִשָּׁ֔ה כְּבָשִׂ֥ים בְּנֵֽי־שָׁנָ֖ה חֲמִשָּׁ֑ה זֶ֛ה קָרְבַּ֥ן נַחְשׁ֖וֹן בֶּן־עַמִּֽינָדָֽב:
18On the second day, Netan’el son of Tzu’ar, the prince of Issachar, brought his offering.   יחבַּיּוֹם֙ הַשֵּׁנִ֔י הִקְרִ֖יב נְתַנְאֵ֣ל בֶּן־צוּעָ֑ר נְשִׂ֖יא יִשָּׂשכָֽר:
הִקְרִיב נְתַנְאֵל בֶּן־צוּעָר … הקרב את קרבנו - Netan’el son of Tzu’ar…brought [his offering]; he brought his offering. 

Why does Scripture state: הִקְרִיב “he brought” regarding the tribe of Issachar, which is not said regarding any of the other tribes? Because the tribe of Reuben protested and said: “It is enough that the prince of my brother Judah has preceded me! Let me at least have my prince offer after him!” Moses told them: “The Almighty has told me that the princes must bring their offerings in the same order as their journeying formation, by their divisions.” It therefore says: הִקְרִב אֶת קָרְבָּנוֹ “he brought his offering,” where הִקְרִב is written without the usual י. This implies the imperative form הַקְרֵב, indicating that he was commanded by the Almighty: “Bring the offering!”

And why is הִקְרִיב “he brought” stated twice? For on account of two things the tribe of Issachar merited to be the second of the tribes to bring its offering: one was because they were well-versed in the Torah, as it says: “and from the descendants of Issachar: those who had comprehension for fixing times”; 9 and the other was because they advised the princes to contribute these offerings. Indeed, in the works of Rabbi Moshe HaDarshan I found: Rabbi Pinechas ben Ya’ir said: Netan’el son of Tzu’ar gave them this advice.

  הִקְרִיב נְתַנְאֵל בֶּן־צוּעָר … הקרב את קרבנו.  מַה תַּלְמוּד לוֹמָר "הִקְרִיב" בְּשִׁבְטוֹ שֶׁל יִשָּׂשכָר מַה שֶּׁלֹּא נֶאֱמַר בְּכָל הַשְּׁבָטִים? לְפִי שֶׁבָּא רְאוּבֵן וְעִרְעֵר וְאָמַר: אַחַר שֶׁקְּדָמַנִי יְהוּדָה, אַקְרִיב אֲנִי אַחֲרָיו, אָמַר לוֹ מֹשֶׁה מִפִּי הַגְּבוּרָה נֶאֱמַר לִי שֶׁיַּקְרִיבוּ כְּסֵדֶר מַסָּעוֹת — לְדִגְלֵיהֶם, לְכָךְ אָמַר הִקְרִב אֶת קָרְבָּנוֹ, וְהוּא חָסֵר יוֹ"ד, שֶׁהוּא מַשְׁמַע הַקְרֵב, לְשׁוֹן צִוּוּי, שֶׁמִּפִּי הַגְּבוּרָה נִצְטַוָּה "הַקְרֵב". וּמַהוּ הִקְרִיב הִקְרִיב שְׁנֵי פְעָמִים? שֶׁבִּשְׁבִיל שְׁנֵי דְבָרִים זָכָה לְהַקְרִיב שֵׁנִי לַשְּׁבָטִים, אַחַת שֶׁהָיוּ יוֹדְעִים בַּתּוֹרָה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר "וּמִבְּנֵי יִשָּׂשכָר יוֹדְעֵי בִינָה לַעִתִּים" (דבהי"א י"ב), וְאַחַת שֶׁהֵם נָתְנוּ עֵצָה לַנְּשִׂיאִים לְהִתְנַדֵּב קָרְבָּנוֹת הַלָּלוּ. וּבִיסוֹדוֹ שֶׁל רַבִּי מֹשֶׁה הַדַּרְשָׁן מָצָאתִי, אָמַר רַבִּי פִּנְחָס בֶּן יָאִיר נְתַנְאֵל בֶּן צוּעָר הִשִּׂיאָן עֵצָה זוֹ:
19He brought his offering of one silver bowl weighing 130 shekels, one silver dashing basin weighing 70 shekels according to the value of the sacred shekel, both filled with fine flour mixed with oil as a grain-offering,   יטהִקְרִ֨ב אֶת־קָרְבָּנ֜וֹ קַֽעֲרַת־כֶּ֣סֶף אַחַ֗ת שְׁלשִׁ֣ים וּמֵאָה֘ מִשְׁקָלָהּ֒ מִזְרָ֤ק אֶחָד֙ כֶּ֔סֶף שִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל בְּשֶׁ֣קֶל הַקֹּ֑דֶשׁ שְׁנֵיהֶ֣ם | מְלֵאִ֗ים סֹ֛לֶת בְּלוּלָ֥ה בַשֶּׁ֖מֶן לְמִנְחָֽה:
קַֽעֲרַת־כֶּסֶף - One silver bowl. The numerical value of the letters of these two words is 930, alluding to the years of the life of the Adam, the first man.   קַֽעֲרַת־כֶּסֶף.  מִנְיַן אוֹתִיוֹתָיו בְּגִימַטְרִיָּא תתק"ל, כְּנֶגֶד שְׁנוֹתָיו שֶׁל אָדָם הָרִאשׁוֹן:
שְׁלשִׁים וּמֵאָה מִשְׁקָלָהּ - Weighing 130 [shekels]. on account of the fact that when Adam established offspring to perpetuate the world he was 130 years old, as it says: “When Adam had lived 130 years, he had a son in his likeness….” 10   שְׁלשִׁים וּמֵאָה מִשְׁקָלָהּ.  עַל שֵׁם שֶׁכְּשֶׁהֶעֱמִיד תּוֹלָדוֹת לְקִיּוּם הָעוֹלָם בֶּן ק"ל שָנָה הָיָה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר "וַיְחִי אָדָם שְׁלֹשִׁים וּמְאַת שָׁנָה וַיּוֹלֶד" וְגוֹ' (בראשית ה'):
מִזְרָק אֶחָד כֶּסֶף - One silver dashing basin. These three words together have the numerical value of 520, on account of Noah, who was 500 years old when he first had children, and on account of the 20 years that the decree of the Flood was pronounced before he had his children, as I have explained regarding the verse: “they will have 120 years to repent.” 11 It therefore says מִזְרָק אֶחָד כֶּסֶף, and it does not say מִזְרָק כֶּסֶף אֶחָד with the number at the end of the phrase in the same way as it says regarding the bowl (קַעֲרַת כֶּסֶף אַחַת), to tell us that the letters of אֶחָד are also included in the calculation.   מִזְרָק אֶחָד כֶּסֶף.  בְּגִימַטְרִיָּא תק"ך, עַל שֵׁם נֹחַ שֶׁהֶעֱמִיד תּוֹלָדוֹת בֶּן ת"ק שָׁנָה, וְעַל שֵׁם עֶשְֹרִים שָׁנָה שֶׁנִּגְזְרָה גְּזֵרַת הַמַּבּוּל קֹדֶם תּוֹלְדוֹתָיו — כְּמוֹ שֶׁפֵּרַשְׁתִּי אֵצֶל "וְהָיוּ יָמָיו מֵאָה וְעֶשְׂרִים שָׁנָה" (שם ו') — לְפִיכָךְ נֶאֱמַר — מִזְרָק אֶחָד כֶּסֶף, וְלֹא נֶאֱמַר מִזְרָק כֶּסֶף אֶחָד כְּמוֹ שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר בַּקְּעָרָה, לוֹמַר שֶׁאַף אוֹתִיּוֹת שֶׁל אֶחָד מִצְטָרְפוֹת לַמִּנְיָן:
שִׁבְעִים שֶׁקֶל - 70 shekels. alluding to the 70 nations that descended from Noah’s sons.   שִׁבְעִים שֶׁקֶל.  כְּנֶגֶד שִׁבְעִים אֻמּוֹת שֶׁיָּצְאוּ מִבָּנָיו:
20one gold spoon weighing 10 shekels filled with incense,   ככַּ֥ף אַחַ֛ת עֲשָׂרָ֥ה זָהָ֖ב מְלֵאָ֥ה קְטֹֽרֶת:
כַּף אַחַת - One spoon - alluding to the Torah that was given from the hand (also called כַּף) of the Holy One, blessed be He.   כַּף אַחַת.  כְּנֶגֶד הַתּוֹרָה שֶׁנִּתְּנָה מִיָּדוֹ שֶׁל הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא:
עֲשָׂרָה זָהָב - Gold [weighing] 10 [shekels] - alluding to the Ten Commandments.   עֲשָׂרָה זָהָב.  כְּנֶגֶד עֲשֶׂרֶת הַדִּבְּרוֹת:
מְלֵאָה קְטֹֽרֶת - Filled with incense - alluding to the 613 commandments of the Torah, as the numerical value of קְטֹרֶת is 613, as long as you change the ק to a ד using the system of letter interchange א״ת ב״ש ג״ר ד״ק.   מְלֵאָה קְטֹֽרֶת.  גִּימַטְרִיָּא שֶׁל קְטֹרֶת תרי"ג מִצְוֹת, וּבִלְבַד שֶׁתַּחֲלִיף קוֹ"ף בְּדָלֶ"ת עַל יְדֵי א"ת ב"ש ג"ר ד"ק:
21one young bull, one ram, one lamb in its first year as an ascent-offering,   כאפַּ֣ר אֶחָ֞ד בֶּן־בָּקָ֗ר אַ֧יִל אֶחָ֛ד כֶּֽבֶשׂ־אֶחָ֥ד בֶּן־שְׁנָת֖וֹ לְעֹלָֽה:
פַּר אֶחָד - One young bull - alluding to Abraham, about whom it says: “he took a calf” to feed the three angels. 12   פַּר אֶחָד.  כְּנֶגֶד אַבְרָהָם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר בּוֹ "וַיִּקַּח בֶּן בָּקָר" (שם י"ח):
אַיִל אֶחָד - One ram - alluding to Isaac, about whom it says: “Abraham took the ram and offered it up as an ascent-offering in his son’s stead.” 13   אַיִל אֶחָד.  כְּנֶגֶד יִצְחָק, "וַיִּקַּח אֶת הָאַיִל" וְגוֹ' (שם כ"ב):
כֶּֽבֶשׂ־אֶחָד - One lamb - alluding to Jacob, about whom it says, when he worked for Laban: “Jacob segregated the sheep.” 14   כֶּֽבֶשׂ־אֶחָד.  כְּנֶגֶד יַעֲקֹב, "וְהַכְּשָׂבִים הִפְרִיד יַעֲקֹב" (שם ל'):
22one young he-goat as a sin-offering,   כבשְׂעִיר־עִזִּ֥ים אֶחָ֖ד לְחַטָּֽאת:
שְׂעִיר־עיזים - One young he-goat - to atone for the sale of Joseph, about whom it says: “they slaughtered a young goat and dipped Joseph’s robe in the blood.” 15   שְׂעִיר־עיזים.  לְכַפֵּר עַל מְכִירַת יוֹסֵף שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר בּוֹ "וַיִּשְׁחֲטוּ שְׂעִיר עִזִּים" (שם ל"ז):
23and for the peace-promoting feast-offering: two bulls, five rams, five he-goats, and five lambs in their first year. This was the offering of Netan’el son of Tzu’ar.   כגוּלְזֶ֣בַח הַשְּׁלָמִים֘ בָּקָ֣ר שְׁנַ֒יִם֒ אֵילִ֤ם חֲמִשָּׁה֙ עַתֻּדִ֣ים חֲמִשָּׁ֔ה כְּבָשִׂ֥ים בְּנֵֽי־שָׁנָ֖ה חֲמִשָּׁ֑ה זֶ֛ה קָרְבַּ֥ן נְתַנְאֵ֖ל בֶּן־צוּעָֽר:
וּלְזֶבַח הַשְּׁלָמִים בָּקָר שְׁנַיִם - And for the peace-promoting feast-offering: two bulls - alluding to Moses and Aaron, who brought peace between Israel and God, their Father in Heaven.   וּלְזֶבַח הַשְּׁלָמִים בָּקָר שְׁנַיִם.  כְּנֶגֶד מֹשֶׁה וְאַהֲרֹן שֶׁנָּתְנוּ שָׁלוֹם בֵּין יִשְׂרָאֵל לַאֲבִיהֶם שֶׁבַּשָּׁמַיִם:
אלים כְּבָשִׂים ועתדים - Rams, he-goats, lambs. Three types of animals, alluding to the priests, Levites, and Israelites, and also alluding to the Torah, the Prophets, and the Writings. The three sets of five allude to the five books of the Torah, the five commandments written on the first tablet, and the other five commandments written on the second tablet. Thus far I have quoted from the works of Rabbi Moshe HaDarshan.   אלים כְּבָשִׂים ועתדים.  שְׁלֹשָׁה מִינִים כְּנֶגֶד כֹּהֲנִים וּלְוִיִּם וְיִשְׂרְאֵלִים, וּכְנֶגֶד תּוֹרָה נְבִיאִים וּכְתוּבִים, שָׁלֹשׁ חֲמִשִּׁיּוֹת כְּנֶגֶד חֲמִשָּׁה חֻמְשִׁין וַחֲמֵשֶׁת הַדִּבְּרוֹת הַכְּתוּבִין עַל לוּחַ אֶחָד וַחֲמִשָּׁה הַכְּתוּבִים עַל הַשֵּׁנִי; עַד כָּאן בִּיסוֹדוֹ שֶׁל רַבִּי מֹשֶׁה הַדַּרְשָׁן:
24On the third day, the prince who brought his offering was of the tribe of Zebulun: Eli’av son of Chelon.   כדבַּיּוֹם֙ הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֔י נָשִׂ֖יא לִבְנֵ֣י זְבוּלֻ֑ן אֱלִיאָ֖ב בֶּן־חֵלֹֽן:
בַּיּוֹם הַשְּׁלִישִׁי נָשִׂיא וגו' - On the third day, the prince…. means: “On the third day, the prince who brought the offering was of the tribe of Zebulun,” and it is stated similarly for all the remaining princes. However, regarding Netan’el, about whom it says: הִקְרִיב נְתַנְאֵל “Netan’el brought,” 16 it follows naturally to continue “the prince of Issachar” once having already mentioned his name and the bringing of his offering. Regarding the others, however, about whom it does not say: הִקְרִיב “he brought,” it is natural to use this form: נָשִׂיא לִבְנֵי פְּלוֹנִי “the prince of the sons of so-and-so,” i.e., on that day the prince who brought his offering was of that particular tribe.   בַּיּוֹם הַשְּׁלִישִׁי נָשִׂיא וגו'.  בַּיּוֹם הַשְּׁלִישִׁי הָיָה הַנָּשִׂיא הַמַּקְרִיב זְבוּלֻן, וְכֵן כֻּלָּם, אֲבָל בִּנְתַנְאֵל שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר בּוֹ הִקְרִיב נְתַנְאֵל, נוֹפֵל אַחֲרָיו הַלָּשׁוֹן לוֹמַר נְשִׂיא יִשָּׂשכָר, לְפִי שֶׁכְּבָר הִזְכִּיר שְׁמוֹ וְהַקְרָבָתוֹ, וּבַשְּׁאָר שֶׁלֹּא נֶאֱמַר בָּהֶן הִקְרִיב, נוֹפֵל עֲלֵיהֶן לָשׁוֹן זֶה — נָשִׂיא לִבְנֵי פְלוֹנִי — אוֹתוֹ הַיּוֹם הָיָה הַנָּשִׂיא הַמַּקְרִיב לְשֵׁבֶט פְּלוֹנִי:
25His offering was one silver bowl weighing 130 shekels, one silver dashing basin weighing 70 shekels according to the value of the sacred shekel, both filled with fine flour mixed with oil as a grain-offering,   כהקָרְבָּנ֞וֹ קַֽעֲרַת־כֶּ֣סֶף אַחַ֗ת שְׁלשִׁ֣ים וּמֵאָה֘ מִשְׁקָלָהּ֒ מִזְרָ֤ק אֶחָד֙ כֶּ֔סֶף שִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל בְּשֶׁ֣קֶל הַקֹּ֑דֶשׁ שְׁנֵיהֶ֣ם | מְלֵאִ֗ים סֹ֛לֶת בְּלוּלָ֥ה בַשֶּׁ֖מֶן לְמִנְחָֽה:
26one gold spoon weighing 10 shekels filled with incense,   כוכַּ֥ף אַחַ֛ת עֲשָׂרָ֥ה זָהָ֖ב מְלֵאָ֥ה קְטֹֽרֶת:
27one young bull, one ram, one lamb in its first year as an ascent-offering,   כזפַּ֣ר אֶחָ֞ד בֶּן־בָּקָ֗ר אַ֧יִל אֶחָ֛ד כֶּֽבֶשׂ־אֶחָ֥ד בֶּן־שְׁנָת֖וֹ לְעֹלָֽה:
28one young he-goat as a sin-offering,   כחשְׂעִיר־עִזִּ֥ים אֶחָ֖ד לְחַטָּֽאת:
29and for the peace-promoting feast-offering: two bulls, five rams, five he-goats, and five lambs in their first year. This was the offering of Eli’av son of Chelon.   כטוּלְזֶ֣בַח הַשְּׁלָמִים֘ בָּקָ֣ר שְׁנַ֒יִם֒ אֵילִ֤ם חֲמִשָּׁה֙ עַתֻּדִ֣ים חֲמִשָּׁ֔ה כְּבָשִׂ֥ים בְּנֵֽי־שָׁנָ֖ה חֲמִשָּׁ֑ה זֶ֛ה קָרְבַּ֥ן אֱלִיאָ֖ב בֶּן־חֵלֹֽן:
30On the fourth day, the prince who brought his offering was of the tribe of Reuben: Elitzur son of Shedei’ur.   לבַּיּוֹם֙ הָֽרְבִיעִ֔י נָשִׂ֖יא לִבְנֵ֣י רְאוּבֵ֑ן אֱלִיצ֖וּר בֶּן־שְׁדֵיאֽוּר:
31His offering was one silver bowl weighing 130 shekels, one silver dashing basin weighing 70 shekels according to the value of the sacred shekel, both filled with fine flour mixed with oil as a grain-offering,   לאקָרְבָּנ֞וֹ קַֽעֲרַת־כֶּ֣סֶף אַחַ֗ת שְׁלשִׁ֣ים וּמֵאָה֘ מִשְׁקָלָהּ֒ מִזְרָ֤ק אֶחָד֙ כֶּ֔סֶף שִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל בְּשֶׁ֣קֶל הַקֹּ֑דֶשׁ שְׁנֵיהֶ֣ם | מְלֵאִ֗ים סֹ֛לֶת בְּלוּלָ֥ה בַשֶּׁ֖מֶן לְמִנְחָֽה:
32one gold spoon weighing 10 shekels filled with incense,   לבכַּ֥ף אַחַ֛ת עֲשָׂרָ֥ה זָהָ֖ב מְלֵאָ֥ה קְטֹֽרֶת:
33one young bull, one ram, one lamb in its first year as an ascent-offering,   לגפַּ֣ר אֶחָ֞ד בֶּן־בָּקָ֗ר אַ֧יִל אֶחָ֛ד כֶּֽבֶשׂ־אֶחָ֥ד בֶּן־שְׁנָת֖וֹ לְעֹלָֽה:
34one young he-goat as a sin-offering,   לדשְׂעִיר־עִזִּ֥ים אֶחָ֖ד לְחַטָּֽאת:
35and for the peace-promoting feast-offering: two bulls, five rams, five he-goats, and five lambs in their first year. This was the offering of Elitzur son of Shedei’ur.   להוּלְזֶ֣בַח הַשְּׁלָמִים֘ בָּקָ֣ר שְׁנַ֒יִם֒ אֵילִ֤ם חֲמִשָּׁה֙ עַתֻּדִ֣ים חֲמִשָּׁ֔ה כְּבָשִׂ֥ים בְּנֵֽי־שָׁנָ֖ה חֲמִשָּׁ֑ה זֶ֛ה קָרְבַּ֥ן אֱלִיצ֖וּר בֶּן־שְׁדֵיאֽוּר:
36On the fifth day, the prince who brought his offering was of the tribe of Simeon: Shelumi’el son of Tzurishadai.   לובַּיּוֹם֙ הַֽחֲמִישִׁ֔י נָשִׂ֖יא לִבְנֵ֣י שִׁמְע֑וֹן שְׁלֻֽמִיאֵ֖ל בֶּן־צוּרִֽישַׁדָּֽי:
37His offering was one silver bowl weighing 130 shekels, one silver dashing basin weighing 70 shekels according to the value of the sacred shekel, both filled with fine flour mixed with oil as a grain-offering,   לזקָרְבָּנ֞וֹ קַֽעֲרַת־כֶּ֣סֶף אַחַ֗ת שְׁלשִׁ֣ים וּמֵאָה֘ מִשְׁקָלָהּ֒ מִזְרָ֤ק אֶחָד֙ כֶּ֔סֶף שִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל בְּשֶׁ֣קֶל הַקֹּ֑דֶשׁ שְׁנֵיהֶ֣ם | מְלֵאִ֗ים סֹ֛לֶת בְּלוּלָ֥ה בַשֶּׁ֖מֶן לְמִנְחָֽה:
38one gold spoon weighing 10 shekels filled with incense,   לחכַּ֥ף אַחַ֛ת עֲשָׂרָ֥ה זָהָ֖ב מְלֵאָ֥ה קְטֹֽרֶת:
39one young bull, one ram, one lamb in its first year as an ascent-offering,   לטפַּ֣ר אֶחָ֞ד בֶּן־בָּקָ֗ר אַ֧יִל אֶחָ֛ד כֶּֽבֶשׂ־אֶחָ֥ד בֶּן־שְׁנָת֖וֹ לְעֹלָֽה:
40one young he-goat as a sin-offering,   משְׂעִיר־עִזִּ֥ים אֶחָ֖ד לְחַטָּֽאת:
41and for the peace-promoting feast-offering: two bulls, five rams, five he-goats, and five lambs in their first year. This was the offering of Shelumi’el son of Tzurishadai.   מאוּלְזֶ֣בַח הַשְּׁלָמִים֘ בָּקָ֣ר שְׁנַ֒יִם֒ אֵילִ֤ם חֲמִשָּׁה֙ עַתֻּדִ֣ים חֲמִשָּׁ֔ה כְּבָשִׂ֥ים בְּנֵֽי־שָׁנָ֖ה חֲמִשָּׁ֑ה זֶ֛ה קָרְבַּ֥ן שְׁלֻֽמִיאֵ֖ל בֶּן־צוּרִֽישַׁדָּֽי: