31when he sees that the lad is not there, he will die: your servants will have brought your servant our father’s white-haired head down to the grave in grief. |
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לאוְהָיָ֗ה כִּרְאוֹת֛וֹ כִּי־אֵ֥ין הַנַּ֖עַר וָמֵ֑ת וְהוֹרִ֨ידוּ עֲבָדֶ֜יךָ אֶת־שֵׂיבַ֨ת עַבְדְּךָ֥ אָבִ֛ינוּ בְּיָג֖וֹן שְׁאֹֽלָה: |
וְהָיָה כִּרְאוֹתוֹ כִּי־אֵין הַנַּעַר וָמֵת - When he sees that the lad is not there, he will die - his father will die as a result of his anguish. |
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וְהָיָה כִּרְאוֹתוֹ כִּי־אֵין הַנַּעַר וָמֵת.
אָבִיו מִצָּרָתוֹ:
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32I am speaking, rather than one of my other brothers, because I, your servant, guaranteed to return the lad to my father, saying, ‘If I do not bring him back to you, I will have sinned against my father for all time.’ |
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לבכִּ֤י עַבְדְּךָ֙ עָרַ֣ב אֶת־הַנַּ֔עַר מֵעִ֥ם אָבִ֖י לֵאמֹ֑ר אִם־לֹ֤א אֲבִיאֶ֨נּוּ֙ אֵלֶ֔יךָ וְחָטָ֥אתִי לְאָבִ֖י כָּל־הַיָּמִֽים: |
כִּי עַבְדְּךָ עָרַב אֶת־הַנַּעַר - Your servant guaranteed for the lad - i.e., should you ask why am I going to this trouble more than my other brothers, I answer: they all remain on the outside of this matter, whereas I bound myself to it firmly by accepting to incur ostracism in both worlds if I do not bring him back. |
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כִּי עַבְדְּךָ עָרַב אֶת־הַנַּעַר.
וְאִם תֹּאמַר, לָמָּה אֲנִי נִכְנָס לַתִּגָּר יוֹתֵר מִשְּׁאָר אַחַי? הֵם כֻּלָּם מִבַּחוּץ וַאֲנִי נִתְקַשַּׁרְתִּי בְקֶשֶׁר חָזָק לִהְיוֹת מְנֻדֶּה בב' עוֹלָמוֹת:
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33So now, please let me, your servant, remain as a slave to my lord in place of the lad, and let the lad go back up to Canaan with his brothers. |
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לגוְעַתָּ֗ה יֵֽשֶׁב־נָ֤א עַבְדְּךָ֙ תַּ֣חַת הַנַּ֔עַר עֶ֖בֶד לַֽאדֹנִ֑י וְהַנַּ֖עַר יַ֥עַל עִם־אֶחָֽיו: |
יֵֽשֶׁב־נָא עַבְדְּךָ וגו' - So now, please let your servant remain… In all aspects I am superior to him: in strength, in battle, and in ministering. |
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יֵֽשֶׁב־נָא עַבְדְּךָ וגו'.
לְכָל דָּבָר אֲנִי מְעֻלֶּה מִמֶּנּוּ, לִגְבוּרָה וּלְמִלְחָמָה וּלְשַׁמֵּשׁ (בראשית רבה):
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34For how can I go up there to my father if the lad is not with me? Let me not be forced to witness the calamity that would befall my father!” |
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לדכִּי־אֵיךְ֙ אֶֽעֱלֶ֣ה אֶל־אָבִ֔י וְהַנַּ֖עַר אֵינֶ֣נּוּ אִתִּ֑י פֶּ֚ן אֶרְאֶ֣ה בָרָ֔ע אֲשֶׁ֥ר יִמְצָ֖א אֶת־אָבִֽי: |
1Joseph could not bear to have his brothers shamed in the presence of all the people standing around him. So he exclaimed, “Have everyone leave my presence!” Thus, no man was left standing near Joseph when he made himself known to his brothers. |
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אוְלֹֽא־יָכֹ֨ל יוֹסֵ֜ף לְהִתְאַפֵּ֗ק לְכֹ֤ל הַנִּצָּבִים֙ עָלָ֔יו וַיִּקְרָ֕א הוֹצִ֥יאוּ כָל־אִ֖ישׁ מֵֽעָלָ֑י וְלֹא־עָ֤מַד אִישׁ֙ אִתּ֔וֹ בְּהִתְוַדַּ֥ע יוֹסֵ֖ף אֶל־אֶחָֽיו: |
וְלֹֽא־יָכֹל יוֹסֵף לְהִתְאַפֵּק לְכֹל הַנִּצָּבִים - (lit.) Joseph could not restrain himself before all those standing - means: Joseph could not abide the possibility that Egyptians would be standing in his presence and hearing his brothers being shamed as he made himself known to them. |
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וְלֹֽא־יָכֹל יוֹסֵף לְהִתְאַפֵּק לְכֹל הַנִּצָּבִים.
לֹא הָיָה יָכוֹל לִסְבֹּל שֶׁיִּהְיוּ מִצְרִים נִצָּבִים עָלָיו וְשׁוֹמְעִין שֶׁאֶחָיו מִתְבַּיְּשִׁין בְּהִוָּדְעוֹ לָהֶם:
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2He broke out into loud weeping; the Egyptians heard it, and word spread until the members of Pharaoh’s household heard about it, as well. |
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בוַיִּתֵּ֥ן אֶת־קֹל֖וֹ בִּבְכִ֑י וַיִּשְׁמְע֣וּ מִצְרַ֔יִם וַיִּשְׁמַ֖ע בֵּ֥ית פַּרְעֹֽה: |
וַיִּשְׁמַע בֵּית פַּרְעֹֽה - And Pharaoh’s (lit.) house heard - here means Pharaoh’s household, i.e., his servants and the members of his household. This בַּיִת does not mean an actual house, but has a similar meaning to בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל “the House (i.e., the people) of Israel,” בֵּית יְהוּדָה “the House of Judah”; “mesnede” in Old French (“household”). |
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וַיִּשְׁמַע בֵּית פַּרְעֹֽה.
בֵּיתוֹ שֶׁל פַּרְעֹה, כְּלוֹמַר, עֲבָדָיו וּבְנֵי בֵיתוֹ, וְאֵין זֶה לְשׁוֹן בַּיִת מַמָּשׁ, אֶלָּא כְמוֹ בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל, בֵּית יְהוּדָה, מישנ"דה בְּלַעַז:
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3Joseph said to his brothers, “I am Joseph. Is my father still alive?!” But his brothers could not bring themselves to answer him, because they were disconcerted out of shame before him. |
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גוַיֹּ֨אמֶר יוֹסֵ֤ף אֶל־אֶחָיו֙ אֲנִ֣י יוֹסֵ֔ף הַע֥וֹד אָבִ֖י חָ֑י וְלֹא־יָֽכְל֤וּ אֶחָיו֙ לַֽעֲנ֣וֹת אֹת֔וֹ כִּ֥י נִבְהֲל֖וּ מִפָּנָֽיו: |
נִבְהֲלוּ מִפָּנָֽיו - They were disconcerted before him - out of shame. |
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נִבְהֲלוּ מִפָּנָֽיו.
מִפְּנֵי הַבּוּשָׁה:
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4Joseph said to his brothers, “Please approach me,” and they approached. He said, “I am Joseph your brother, whom you sold into slavery in Egypt. |
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דוַיֹּ֨אמֶר יוֹסֵ֧ף אֶל־אֶחָ֛יו גְּשׁוּ־נָ֥א אֵלַ֖י וַיִּגָּ֑שׁוּ וַיֹּ֗אמֶר אֲנִי֙ יוֹסֵ֣ף אֲחִיכֶ֔ם אֲשֶׁר־מְכַרְתֶּ֥ם אֹתִ֖י מִצְרָֽיְמָה: |
גְּשׁוּ־נָא אֵלַי - Please approach me. He saw them retreating and said to himself: “Now my brothers feel ashamed.” He therefore called them in a soft and entreating tone and showed them that he was circumcised. |
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גְּשׁוּ־נָא אֵלַי.
רָאָה אוֹתָם נְסוֹגִים לְאָחוֹר, אָמַר עַכְשָׁו אַחַי נִכְלָמִים, קָרָא לָהֶם בְּלָשׁוֹן רַכָּה וְתַחֲנוּנִים, וְהֶרְאָה לָהֶם שֶׁהוּא מָהוּל (בראשית רבה):
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5But now, do not be distressed or reproach yourselves for having sold me into slavery here, since it was ultimately in order for me to be able to provide for your needs that God sent me ahead of you. |
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הוְעַתָּ֣ה | אַל־תֵּעָ֣צְב֗וּ וְאַל־יִ֨חַר֙ בְּעֵ֣ינֵיכֶ֔ם כִּֽי־מְכַרְתֶּ֥ם אֹתִ֖י הֵ֑נָּה כִּ֣י לְמִחְיָ֔ה שְׁלָחַ֥נִי אֱלֹהִ֖ים לִפְנֵיכֶֽם: |
לְמִחְיָה - means: to be a provider of livelihood for you. |
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לְמִחְיָה.
לִהְיוֹת לָכֶם לְמִחְיָה:
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6For it has now already been two years that there has been a famine in the land, and there are still five more years to come in which there will be neither plowing nor reaping. |
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וכִּי־זֶ֛ה שְׁנָתַ֥יִם הָֽרָעָ֖ב בְּקֶ֣רֶב הָאָ֑רֶץ וְעוֹד֙ חָמֵ֣שׁ שָׁנִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֵֽין־חָרִ֖ישׁ וְקָצִֽיר: |
כִּי־זֶה שְׁנָתַיִם הָֽרָעָב - (lit.) For here two years the famine - means: two years have passed of the years of the famine. |
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כִּי־זֶה שְׁנָתַיִם הָֽרָעָב.
עָבְרוּ מִשְּׁנֵי הָרָעָב:
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7But God sent me ahead of you to ensure that you survive in the land, and to sustain you in an act of great deliverance. |
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זוַיִּשְׁלָחֵ֤נִי אֱלֹהִים֙ לִפְנֵיכֶ֔ם לָשׂ֥וּם לָכֶ֛ם שְׁאֵרִ֖ית בָּאָ֑רֶץ וּלְהַֽחֲי֣וֹת לָכֶ֔ם לִפְלֵיטָ֖ה גְּדֹלָֽה: |