Rambam - 3 Chapters a Day
Keilim - Chapter 15, Keilim - Chapter 16, Keilim - Chapter 17
Keilim - Chapter 15
An earthenware container does not become susceptible to ritual impurity until the tasks necessary to finish it are completed.
When are the tasks necessary to finish it completed? When they are fired in a kiln. An oven: When it is heated to bake donuts. A range with two openings: When it is heated so that a stirred egg can be baked over it in a frying pan. A range with one opening: If it was made for baking, the measure is the same as that of an oven. If it was made for cooking, the measure is the same as that of a range.
אאֵין כְּלִי חֶרֶס מְקַבֵּל טֻמְאָה עַד שֶׁתִּגָּמֵר מְלַאכְתּוֹ. וּמֵאֵימתַי הוּא גְּמַר מְלַאכְתּוֹ מִשֶּׁיִּצְרְפוֹ בְּכִבְשָׁן. הַתַּנּוּר מִשֶּׁיַּסִּיקֶנּוּ לֶאֱפוֹת סֻפְגָּנִין. הַכִּירָה מִשֶּׁיַּסִּיקֶנָּה כְּדֵי לְבַשֵּׁל עָלֶיהָ בֵּיצַת הַתַּרְנְגוֹלִין טְרוּפָה וּנְתוּנָה בְּאִלְפָּס. הַכֻּפָּח אִם עֲשָׂאָהוּ לַאֲפִיָּה שִׁעוּרוֹ כְּתַנּוּר עֲשָׂאָהוּ לְבִשּׁוּל שִׁעוּרוֹ כְּכִירָה:
When one has begun building an oven, if it is large, once one has begun building it for four handbreadths and heats it, it is susceptible to impurity. If it is small, once one has begun building it a for a handbreadth and heats it, it becomes susceptible to impurity. A range with two openings, becomes susceptible to impurity, once one has begun building it for three fingerbreadths and heats it. With regard to a range with one opening: If it was made for baking, the measure is the same as that of an oven. If it was made for cooking, the measure is the same as that of a range.
בתַּנּוּר שֶׁהִתְחִיל לִבְנוֹתוֹ אִם הָיָה גָּדוֹל מִשֶּׁיַּתְחִיל בּוֹ אַרְבָּעָה טְפָחִים וְיַסִּיקֶנּוּ מְקַבֵּל טֻמְאָה. וְאִם הָיָה קָטָן מִשֶּׁיַּתְחִיל בּוֹ טֶפַח וְיַסִּיקֶנּוּ. הַכִּירָה מִשֶּׁיַּתְחִיל בָּהּ שָׁלֹשׁ אֶצְבָּעוֹת וְיַסִּיקֶנָּה. הַכֻּפָּח אִם עֲשָׂאָהוּ לַאֲפִיָּה הֲרֵי הוּא כְּתַנּוּר וְאִם לְבַשֵּׁל הֲרֵי הוּא כְּכִירָה:
When an oven was heated from behind, heated in the shop of the craftsman, or heated unintentionally, since it was nevertheless heated, it is susceptible to impurity. An incident occurred when a fire broke out in an oven in a village. The incident was brought before the court for a ruling and it determined that it is susceptible to impurity.
גתַּנּוּר שֶׁהֻסַּק מֵאֲחוֹרָיו אוֹ שֶׁהֻסַּק מִבֵּית הָאֻמָּן אוֹ שֶׁהֻסַּק שֶׁלֹּא לְדַעַת הוֹאִיל וְהֻסַּק מִכָּל מָקוֹם הֲרֵי זֶה מְקַבֵּל טֻמְאָה. מַעֲשֶׂה שֶׁנָּפְלָה דְּלֵקָה בְּתַנּוּר בִּכְפָר מִן הַכְּפָרִים וּבָא מַעֲשֶׂה לִפְנֵי בֵּית דִּין וְאָמְרוּ מְקַבֵּל טֻמְאָה:
When an oven was heated to roast food in it, it is susceptible to impurity. When it was heated to whiten bundles of flax, it is pure, because he is not doing work that affects the substance of the oven.
דתַּנּוּר שֶׁהִסִּיקוֹ לִהְיוֹת צוֹלֶה בּוֹ הֲרֵי זֶה מְקַבֵּל טֻמְאָה. לְלַבֵּן בּוֹ אוּנִין שֶׁל פִּשְׁתָּן טָהוֹר שֶׁאֵין זֶה עוֹשֶׂה מְלָאכָה בְּגוּף הַתַּנּוּר:
When an oven was divided into half and one of its portions was heated and then contracted impurity from liquids, that portion is impure, but the other portion remains pure. If it contracted impurity from the carcass of a crawling animal or other similar impurities of Scriptural origin, everything is impure. The thickness of the partition separating them is impure.
If they were both heated and only one portion contracted impurity from liquids in its inner space, we divide the thickness of the partition. That which is used by the impure portion is impure; that which is used by the pure portion is pure.
When does the above apply? When it was divided and then heated. If, however, it was heated and then divided, if only one of them became impure, even only due to liquids, everything contracts impurity.
התַּנּוּר שֶׁחֲצָצוֹ לִשְׁנַיִם וְהִסִּיק אֶחָד מֵחֲלָקָיו וְנִטְמָא בְּמַשְׁקִין הוּא טָמֵא וַחֲבֵרוֹ טָהוֹר. נִטְמָא בְּשֶׁרֶץ וְכַיּוֹצֵא בּוֹ מִטֻּמְאוֹת שֶׁל תּוֹרָה הַכּל טָמֵא. וְעֹבִי שֶׁבֵּינֵיהֶן טָמֵא. הֻסְּקוּ שְׁנֵיהֶן וְנִטְמָא אֶחָד מֵהֶן בְּמַשְׁקִין בָּאֲוִיר חוֹלְקִין אֶת עָבְיוֹ הַמְשַׁמֵּשׁ לְטָמֵא טָמֵא לְטָהוֹר טָהוֹר. בַּמֶּה דְּבָרִים אֲמוּרִים בִּזְמַן שֶׁחֲצָצוֹ וְאַחַר כָּךְ הִסִּיקוֹ. אֲבָל הִסִּיקוֹ וְאַחַר כָּךְ חֲצָצוֹ וְנִטְמָא אֶחָד מֵהֶן אֲפִלּוּ בְּמַשְׁקִין נִטְמָא הַכּל:
An oven or a range made from stone is always pure. A metal one is pure with regard to the laws of an oven or a range. This is derived from Leviticus 11:35 which states that an impure oven "must be smashed," i.e., these laws apply to an entity that can be smashed. A metal oven or range, is, however, susceptible to the impurity of a metal k'li.
What is implied? Such ovens and ranges do not contract impurity due to the presence of a source of impurity within their inner space, nor do they contract impurity when attached to the ground as an earthenware oven or a range does. And if a source of impurity touches them even from the outside, they contract impurity like all metal keilim. If they contract impurity from a human corpse, they become a primary source of impurity and they can regain purity after contracting other types of impurity through immersion in a mikveh.
ותַּנּוּר אוֹ כִּירָה שֶׁל אֶבֶן טְהוֹרִין לְעוֹלָם. וְשֶׁל מַתֶּכֶת טְהוֹרִין מִשּׁוּם תַּנּוּר וְכִירַיִם שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ויקרא יא לה) "יֻתָּץ" אֶת שֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ נְתִיצָה. וּמְטַמְּאִין מִשּׁוּם כְּלֵי מַתָּכוֹת. כֵּיצַד. אֵין מִתְטַמְּאִין מֵאֲוִירָן וְלֹא בִּמְחֻבָּר לַקַּרְקַע כְּתַנּוּר וְכִירַיִם וְאִם נָגְעָה בָּהֶן טֻמְאָה אֲפִלּוּ מֵאֲחוֹרֵיהֶן מִתְטַמְּאִין כִּשְׁאָר כְּלֵי מַתָּכוֹת וְאִם נִטְמְאוּ בְּמֵת נַעֲשִׂין אַב טֻמְאָה כִּשְׁאָר כְּלֵי מַתָּכוֹת וְיֵשׁ לָהֶן טָהֳרָה בְּמִקְוֶה:
When a metal oven was perforated, blemished, or cracked and one patched it with clay or one made it a coating or an upper surface of clay, it contracts impurity as an earthenware oven does.
How large must the hole be for the above law to apply? Large enough for fire to emerge through it.
Similar concepts apply with regard to a metal range. If pot-rests of clay are made for it, it contracts impurity as an earthenware range does. If one smears clay on a metal range, whether inside or outside, it is still not susceptible to impurity.
זתַּנּוּר שֶׁל מַתֶּכֶת שֶׁנִּקַּב אוֹ נִפְגַּם אוֹ נִסְדַּק וּסְתָמוֹ בְּטִיט אוֹ שֶׁעָשָׂה לוֹ טְפֵלָה שֶׁל טִיט אוֹ מוּסָף שֶׁל טִיט הֲרֵי זֶה מִתְטַמֵּא מִשּׁוּם תַּנּוּר. וְכַמָּה יִהְיֶה בַּנֶּקֶב. כְּדֵי שֶׁיֵּצֵא בּוֹ הָאוּר. וְכֵן בְּכִירָה. וְאִם עָשָׂה לַכִּירָה פִּטְפּוּטִים שֶׁל טִיט מִתְטַמְּאָה מִשּׁוּם כִּירָה. מֵרְחָהּ בְּטִיט בֵּין מִבִּפְנִים בֵּין מִבַּחוּץ עֲדַיִן אֵינָהּ מְקַבֶּלֶת טֻמְאָה:
Although an earthenware oven is not fixed to the ground - even if it is hanging from the neck of a camel - it is susceptible to ritual impurity as an earthenware oven is, as implied by ibid.: "They are impure," i.e., in any place they are located.
חתַּנּוּר שֶׁאֵינוֹ מְחֻבָּר בָּאָרֶץ אֲפִלּוּ תָּלוּי בְּצַוַּאר הַגָּמָל הֲרֵי זֶה טָמֵא מִשּׁוּם תַּנּוּר שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ויקרא יא לה) "טְמֵאִים הֵם" בְּכָל מָקוֹם:
A furnace used by smelters of metal that has a place where a pot can be placed contracts impurity as a range does. Similarly, if a range used by glassmakers has a place where a pot can be placed, it contracts impurity as a range does.
טכּוּר שֶׁל צוֹרְפֵי מַתָּכוֹת שֶׁיֵּשׁ בּוֹ בֵּית שְׁפִיתָה מִתְטַמֵּא כְּכִירָה וְכֵן כִּירָת שֶׁל עוֹשֵׂי זְכוּכִית אִם יֵשׁ בּוֹ בֵּית שְׁפִיתָה מְקַבֶּלֶת טֻמְאָה:
A furnace used to produce lime, glass, or pottery, is pure. An oven with an opening at its side, if it has a border at its side, it is susceptible to impurity.
יכִּבְשָׁן שֶׁל סַיָּדִין וְשֶׁל זוֹגְגִין וְשֶׁל יוֹצְרִין טְהוֹרִין. הַפּוּרְנָה אִם יֵשׁ לָהּ דֹּפֶן מִתְטַמְּאָה:
The following laws apply when stones were joined to each other and formed into an oven. If one made a coating for it on the inside and on the outside, it is considered as an oven in all contexts and contracts impurity from the presence of a source of impurity within its inner space. If it was coated from the outside alone, it contracts impurity from contact with a source of impurity, but not from the presence of a source of impurity within its inner space.
If stones were connected to an oven, but were not connected to each other, they contract impurity together with the oven. If they were connected with each other, but were not connected to the oven, they are like a tira. If one dug in the earth and fashioned a tira of earth, it is pure. A tira of a range is pure.
יאאֲבָנִים שֶׁחִבְּרָן זוֹ לָזוֹ וַעֲשָׂאָן תַּנּוּר אִם עָשָׂה לוֹ טְפֵלָה מִבִּפְנִים וּמִבַּחוּץ הֲרֵי זֶה כְּתַנּוּר לְכָל דָּבָר וּמִתְטַמֵּא מֵאֲוִירוֹ. וְאִם טְפָלוֹ מִבַּחוּץ בִּלְבַד מִתְטַמֵּא בְּמַגָּע וְלֹא בַּאֲוִיר. חִבֵּר אֲבָנִים לַתַּנּוּר וְלֹא חִבְּרָן זוֹ לָזוֹ מִתְטַמְּאוֹת עִם הַתַּנּוּר. חִבְּרָן זוֹ לָזוֹ וְלֹא חִבְּרָן לַתַּנּוּר הֲרֵי הֵן כְּטִירָה. חָפַר בָּאָרֶץ וְעָשָׂה טִירָה טָהוֹר. וְטִירַת הַכִּירָה טָהוֹר:
When two barrels and two frying pans are combined to make a range, they contract impurity from the presence of a source of impurity within its inner space and from contact with a source of impurity. The inner space of the barrels is pure. The thickness of the walls of the barrels is divided: That which serves the range is susceptible to impurity; that which serves the inside of the barrels is pure.
יבשְׁתֵּי חָבִיּוֹת וּשְׁנֵי אִלְפָּסִין שֶׁעֲשָׂאָן כִּירָה מִתְטַמְּאִין בַּאֲוִיר וּבְמַגָּע. וְתוֹכָן שֶׁל חָבִיּוֹת טָהוֹר. וָעֳבִי הֶחָבִיּוֹת חוֹלְקִין אוֹתוֹ הַמְשַׁמֵּשׁ אֶת הַכִּירָה טָמֵא וְהַמְשַׁמֵּשׁ אֶת תּוֹךְ הֶחָבִית טָהוֹר:
When a person affixes the three earthenware stands of a trivet in the earth and connects them with clay so that he can place a pot on them, they are susceptible to impurity like a range. If he affixed three pegs in the earth so that he can place a pot on them, even though he used clay to make a place on which the pot would sit, they are pure, like a metal range. Similarly, stones that were not coated with clay on which one places a pot are not susceptible to impurity. It is like they are a stone range.
יגהָעוֹשֶׂה שְׁלֹשָׁה פִּטְפּוּטִין בָּאָרֶץ וְחִבְּרָן בְּטִיט לִהְיוֹת שׁוֹפֵת עֲלֵיהֶן אֶת הַקְּדֵרָה הֲרֵי זוֹ טְמֵאָה מִשּׁוּם כִּירָה. קָבַע שְׁלֹשָׁה מַסְמְרִין בָּאָרֶץ לִהְיוֹת שׁוֹפֵת עֲלֵיהֶן אֶת הַקְּדֵרָה אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁעָשָׂה בְּרֹאשָׁהּ מָקוֹם בְּטִיט שֶׁתֵּשֵׁב הַקְּדֵרָה הֲרֵי זוֹ טְהוֹרָה כְּכִירָה שֶׁל מַתֶּכֶת. וְכֵן אֲבָנִים שֶׁלֹּא מֵרְחָם בְּטִיט שֶׁהוּא שׁוֹפֵת עֲלֵיהֶן אֵינָן מְקַבְּלוֹת טֻמְאָה כְּאִלּוּ הִיא כִּירָה שֶׁל אֶבֶן:
When a person makes two stones into a range and connects them with clay, they are susceptible to impurity. If he connected one with clay but he did not connect the other with clay, it does not contract impurity.
ידהָעוֹשֶׂה שְׁתֵּי אֲבָנִים כִּירָה וְחִבְּרָן בְּטִיט מִתְטַמְּאָה. חִבֵּר אֶת הָאַחַת בְּטִיט וְהַשְּׁנִיָּה לֹא חִבְּרָהּ אֵינָהּ מְקַבֶּלֶת טֻמְאָה:
When a person rests a pot on a stone and on an oven, on it and on a range with an opening for one pot, or it and on a range with an opening for two pots, it is susceptible to impurity. ...On it and on a wall or on it and on a rock, it is not susceptible to impurity.
טוהָאֶבֶן שֶׁהוּא שׁוֹפֵת עָלֶיהָ וְעַל הַתַּנּוּר עָלֶיהָ וְעַל הַכִּירָה עָלֶיהָ וְעַל הַכֻּפָּח טְמֵאָה. עָלֶיהָ וְעַל הַכֹּתֶל עָלֶיהָ וְעַל הַסֶּלַע אֵינָהּ מְקַבֶּלֶת טֻמְאָה:
With regard to a range made by a cook - in which instance, one stone is placed at the side of another stone, and then another is placed at its side in a continuous chain and they are all connected with clay: If one of them contacts impurity, they all do not contract impurity.
טזכִּירַת הַטַּבָּחִים שֶׁהוּא נוֹתֵן אֶבֶן בְּצַד אֶבֶן וְכֻלָּן מְחֻבָּרוֹת בְּטִיט נִטְמֵאת אַחַת מֵהֶן לֹא נִטְמְאוּ כֻּלָּן:
The following rules apply when there are three stones that were connected with clay and were made into two ranges, whether they were connected to each other and not connected to the ground or connected to the ground and not connected to each other. If one of the two ranges contracts impurity, the portion of the middle stone which serves the impure range contracts impurity. The portion which serves the pure range, [by contrast, remains] pure. If one removed the outer stone of the pure range, the middle stone has been definitively classified and is impure in its entirety. If the outer stone of the impure range is removed, the middle stone is purified in its entirety.
The following rules apply if both ranges contracted impurity. If the middle stone is large, one allocates a portion large enough for a pot to be placed down on it on one side for one range and a portion large enough for a pot to be placed down on it on the other side for the other range, but the remainder of the stone is pure. If it was small, everything contracts impurity.
If the middle stone was removed, different laws apply: If a large pot can be placed down on the two outer ones, the range is impure. If they are further apart, the range is pure. If one returned the middle stone, everything is pure as it was. If one coated it with clay, it is susceptible to ritual impurity in the future, provided one heats each of them sufficiently to cook an egg.
יזשָׁלֹשׁ אֲבָנִים שֶׁחִבְּרָן בְּטִיט וַעֲשָׂאָן שְׁתֵּי כִּירוֹת בֵּין שֶׁחִבְּרָן זוֹ לָזוֹ וְלֹא חִבְּרָן לַקַּרְקַע בֵּין שֶׁחִבְּרָן בַּקַּרְקַע וְלֹא חִבְּרָן זוֹ לָזוֹ אִם נִטְמֵאת אַחַת מִשְּׁתֵי הַכִּירוֹת הָאֶבֶן הָאֶמְצָעִית הַמְשַׁמֵּשׁ מִמֶּנָּה לַכִּירָה הַטְּמֵאָה טָמֵא וְהַמְשַׁמֵּשׁ מִמֶּנָּה לַכִּירָה הַטְּהוֹרָה טָהוֹר. נִטְּלָה הָאֶבֶן הַחִיצוֹנָה שֶׁל כִּירָה הַטְּהוֹרָה הֻחְלְטָה הָאֶמְצָעִית כֻּלָּהּ לְטֻמְאָה. נִטְּלָה הַחִיצוֹנָה שֶׁל כִּירָה הַטְּמֵאָה טָהֲרָה הָאֶבֶן הָאֶמְצָעִית כֻּלָּהּ. נִטְמְאוּ שְׁתֵּי הַחִיצוֹנוֹת אִם הָיְתָה הָאֶבֶן הָאֶמְצָעִית גְּדוֹלָה נוֹתֵן מִמֶּנָּה לְכִירָה זוֹ כְּדֵי שְׁפִיתָה מִצִּדָּהּ וְלַכִּירָה הַשְּׁנִיָּה כְּדֵי שְׁפִיתָה מִכָּאן וְהַשְּׁאָר טָהוֹר. וְאִם הָיְתָה קְטַנָּה הַכּל טָמֵא. נִטְּלָה הָאֶמְצָעִית אִם יָכוֹל לִשְׁפּוֹת עַל שְׁתַּיִם חִיצוֹנוֹת יוֹרָה גְּדוֹלָה הֲרֵי הִיא טְמֵאָה. הָיוּ מְרֻחָקִין יֶתֶר מִזֶּה טְהוֹרָה. הֶחֱזִיר אֶת הָאֶמְצָעִית הֲרֵי הַכּל טָהוֹר כְּשֶׁהָיָה. מֵרְחָהּ בְּטִיט מְקַבֵּל טֻמְאָה מִכָּאן וּלְהַבָּא וְהוּא שֶׁיַּסִּיקֶנָּה לְכָל אַחַת מֵהֶן כְּדֵי לְבַשֵּׁל עָלֶיהָ אֶת הַבֵּיצָה:
When two stones were made into a range and contracted impurity, but afterwards one added one stone to the stone on one side and another stone to the stone on the other side, half of each of the two stones from the first range is impure and half is pure. If the two pure stones that were added were later removed, the two stones of the first range return to their initial impurity.
יחשְׁתֵּי אֲבָנִים שֶׁעֲשָׂאָן כִּירָה וְנִטְמֵאת וְסָמַךְ לְאֶבֶן זוֹ מִמֶּנָּה אֶבֶן אַחַת מִכָּאן וְלָזוֹ אֶבֶן אַחַת מִכָּאן הֲרֵי חֲצִי כָּל אֶבֶן מִשְּׁתֵי אַבְנֵי הַכִּירָה הָרִאשׁוֹנָה טָמֵא וַחֲצִי הָאֶבֶן טָהוֹר. נִטְּלוּ הַשְּׁתַּיִם הַטְּהוֹרוֹת שֶׁסָּמַךְ חָזְרוּ הַשְּׁתַּיִם שֶׁל כִּירָה לְטֻמְאָתָן:
An earthenware heating counter that has receptacles in which a mixture of ash and coals were placed and which were used for pots is pure with regard to the laws pertaining to a range, but it is susceptible to impurity as a k'li with a receptacle. Therefore, if it was attached to the ground, it is pure as are other keilim. And if it has a hole, it is not susceptible to impurity like other keilim. These laws do not apply to a range.
An entity that touches the sides of the counter does not contract impurity like one which touches a range. Its wide portion where one can sit while the food is cooking contracts impurity if the counter contracts impurity.
Similarly, if one turned over a basket and built a range on top of it, it contracts impurity according to the laws pertaining to a wooden k'li and not according to those applying to a range. Therefore, it does not contract impurity from the presence of a source of impurity in its inner space as a range does.
יטדּוּכָן שֶׁל חֶרֶס שֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ בֵּית קִבּוּל הַקְּדֵרוֹת וְהָרֶמֶץ נָתוּן בְּתוֹכוֹ טָהוֹר מִשּׁוּם כִּירָה וְטָמֵא מִשּׁוּם כְּלִי קִבּוּל. לְפִיכָךְ אִם הָיָה מְחֻבָּר בָּאָרֶץ טָהוֹר כִּשְׁאָר הַכֵּלִים וְאִם נִקַּב אֵינוֹ מְקַבֵּל טֻמְאָה כִּכְלִי קִבּוּל. מַה שֶּׁאֵין כֵּן בְּכִירָה. הַצְּדָדִין שֶׁלּוֹ הַנּוֹגֵעַ בָּהֶן אֵינוֹ טָמֵא מִשּׁוּם כִּירָה. הָרָחָב שֶׁלּוֹ שֶׁיּוֹשְׁבִין עָלָיו בִּשְׁעַת בִּשּׁוּל מִתְטַמֵּא אִם נִטְמָא הַדּוּכָן. וְכֵן הַכּוֹפֶה אֶת הַסַּל וּבָנָה כִּירָה עַל גַּבָּהּ הֲרֵי זוֹ טְמֵאָה מִשּׁוּם כְּלִי עֵץ לֹא מִשּׁוּם כִּירָה לְפִיכָךְ אֵינָהּ מְקַבֶּלֶת טֻמְאָה מֵאֲוִירָהּ כְּכִירָה:
Keilim - Chapter 16
The remnants of a larger oven are four handbreadths. The remnants of a small oven are its larger portion.
What is implied? If a large oven is broken, as long as four handbreadths remain, it is susceptible to impurity. And if a small oven is broken, as long as its larger portion remains, it is susceptible to impurity. Similarly, if a large oven contracted impurity and it was smashed to the extent that less than four handbreaths remain, it is pure. A small oven becomes pure when less than its larger portion remains. If more than four handbreadths of a large oven remain or the larger portion of a small oven, it remains impure.
The remnants of a range with two openings are three handbreadths. For a range with one opening: If it was made for baking, the measure is the same as that of an oven. If it was made for cooking, the measure is the same as that of a range.
אתַּנּוּר גָּדוֹל שְׁיָרָיו אַרְבָּעָה טְפָחִים וְהַקָּטָן שְׁיָרָיו רֻבּוֹ. כֵּיצַד. אִם נִשְׁבַּר בַּגָּדוֹל אַרְבָּעָה וּבַקָּטָן רֻבּוֹ מְקַבֵּל טֻמְאָה פָּחוֹת מִכָּאן אֵינוֹ מְקַבֵּל טֻמְאָה. וְכֵן אִם נִטְמָא וְנִתְּצוֹ עַד שֶׁשִּׁיֵּר בּוֹ פָּחוֹת מֵאַרְבָּעָה בַּגָּדוֹל אוֹ בְּפָחוֹת מֵרֹב בַּקָּטָן טָהוֹר. נִשְׁאַר בּוֹ אַרְבָּעָה אוֹ רֹב בַּקָּטָן עֲדַיִן הוּא בְּטֻמְאָתוֹ. וְהַכִּירָה שְׁיָרֶיהָ שָׁלֹשׁ אֶצְבָּעוֹת. הַכֻּפָּח שֶׁעֲשָׂאָהוּ לַאֲפִיָּה שִׁעוּרוֹ כְּתַנּוּר. לְבִשּׁוּל שִׁעוּרוֹ כְּכִירָה:
How can the owner restore the purity of an oven that contracted impurity that he does not want to destroy? It should be divided into three portions and the coating removed from the shards so that each shard is standing on the earth without a coating of clay.
If he divided it in two, leaving one large portion and one smaller portion, the larger portion is impure and the smaller portion is pure. If they are both of equal size, they are both impure, because it is impossible to make an exact determination which is larger. When, by contrast, an earthenware tabletop with a wall was divided in two equal portions, they are both pure. If one was larger and one smaller, the larger one is impure.
בתַּנּוּר שֶׁנִּטְמָא וְלֹא רָצָה לְכַתְּתוֹ כֵּיצַד מְטַהֲרִין אוֹתוֹ. חוֹלְקוֹ לִשְׁלֹשָׁה חֲלָקִים וְגוֹרֵר אֶת הַטְּפֵלָה שֶׁעַל הַחֲרָסִים עַד שֶׁנִּמְצָא כָּל חֶרֶס מֵהֶן עוֹמֵד עַל הָאָרֶץ בְּלֹא טִיט עַל גַּבָּיו. חִלְּקוֹ לִשְׁנַיִם אֶחָד גָּדוֹל וְאֶחָד קָטָן הַגָּדוֹל טָמֵא וְהַקָּטָן טָהוֹר. חִלְּקוֹ לִשְׁנַיִם בְּשָׁוֶה כָּל אֶחָד מֵהֶן טָמֵא לְפִי שֶׁאִי אֶפְשָׁר לְכַוֵּן. אֲבָל טַבְלָא שֶׁל חֶרֶס שֶׁיֵּשׁ לָהּ דֹּפֶן שֶׁנֶּחְלְקָה לִשְׁנַיִם טְהוֹרָה. וְאִם הָיָה אֶחָד גָּדוֹל וְאֶחָד קָטָן הַגָּדוֹל טָמֵא:
When an impure oven is divided into three portions and one is as large as the other two, the large portion is impure.
The following laws apply if such an oven was cut into circular portions, widthwise. If the height of every ring was less than four handbreadths, it is pure. If, afterwards, one arranges the rings one on top of the other and coats them with clay, making them into an oven as they were before, it is as if he made a different oven. It is susceptible to impurity only from the time it was reconstructed, provided it was heated to the extent that doughnuts could be baked in it after it was coated with clay.
If one separated the clay coating from the substance of the oven itself and placed sand or pebbles between the rings and the coating, it never becomes susceptible to impurity. Concerning this type of oven, it was said: A woman who is a nidah and one who is pure may both bake inside of it and everything is pure.
If it has one ring that is four handbreadths high and that ring contracts impurity through physical contact with a source of impurity and not from the presence of impurity within its inner space, the remainder of the rings are pure.
גתַּנּוּר שֶׁחִלְּקוֹ לִשְׁלֹשָׁה וְאֶחָד גָּדוֹל כִּשְׁנַיִם הַגָּדוֹל טָמֵא וְהַשְּׁנַיִם הַקְּטַנִּים טְהוֹרִין. חֲתָכוֹ חֻלְיוֹת לְרָחְבּוֹ אִם הָיָה גֹּבַהּ כָּל חֻלְיָא וְחֻלְיָא פָּחוֹת מֵאַרְבָּעָה טְפָחִים טָהוֹר. חָזַר וְסִדֵּר הַחֻלְיוֹת זוֹ עַל גַּבֵּי זוֹ וְהִמְרִיחַ עֲלֵיהֶם בְּטִיט וְהֶחֱזִירוֹ תַּנּוּר כְּשֶׁהָיָה הֲרֵי זוֹ כְּמוֹ שֶׁעָשָׂה תַּנּוּר אַחֵר וְאֵינוֹ מְקַבֵּל טֻמְאָה אֶלָּא מִכָּאן וּלְהַבָּא וְהוּא שֶׁיַּסִּיקֶנּוּ כְּדֵי לֶאֱפוֹת בּוֹ סֻפְגָּנִין אַחַר שֶׁמֵּרְחוֹ. הִרְחִיק מִמֶּנּוּ אֶת הַטְּפֵלָה וְנָתַן חוֹל אוֹ צְרוֹרוֹת בֵּין הַחֻלְיוֹת וּבֵין הַטְּפֵלָה אֵינוֹ מְקַבֵּל טֻמְאָה לְעוֹלָם וְזֶהוּ שֶׁאָמְרוּ הַנִּדָּה וְהַטְּהוֹרָה אוֹפוֹת בּוֹ וְהוּא טָהוֹר. הָיְתָה בּוֹ חֻלְיָא אַחַת שֶׁיֵּשׁ בָּהּ אַרְבָּעָה טְפָחִים הִיא מִתְטַמְּאָה בְּמַגָּע וְלֹא מִתְטַמֵּאת בַּאֲוִיר וּשְׁאָר הַחֻלְיוֹת טְהוֹרוֹת:
The following rules apply when an oven comes cut in pieces from the craftsman's shop and one makes supports for it so that they will be joined together as a single entity. If one placed them there while it was pure and it contracted impurity, when one removes the supports, it regains purity. Even after he returns them, it remains pure. If one coated the portions of the oven with clay, they become susceptible to impurity from that time onward. It is not necessary to heat the oven, because it was already heated the first time it was assembled.
דתַּנּוּר שֶׁבָּא מְחֻתָּךְ מִבֵּית הָאֻמָּן וְעָשָׂה לוֹ סְמוֹכִין שֶׁמְּקַבְּצִין אוֹתוֹ לִהְיוֹת כְּאֶחָד וּנְתָנָם עָלָיו וְהוּא טָהוֹר וְנִטְמָא כְּשֶׁיָּסִיר אֶת הַסּוֹמְכִין אוֹתוֹ יִטְהַר וַאֲפִלּוּ הֶחְזִירָן הֲרֵי הוּא טָהוֹר. מֵרְחוֹ בְּטִיט מְקַבֵּל טֻמְאָה לְהַבָּא וְאֵינוֹ צָרִיךְ לְהַסִּיקוֹ שֶׁכְּבָר הֻסַּק:
When an oven was cut into rings, sand placed between each ring, and the entire structure coated with clay from the outside, it is susceptible to ritual impurity.
התַּנּוּר שֶׁחֲתָכוֹ חֻלְיוֹת וְנָתַן חוֹל בֵּין חֻלְיָא לְחֻלְיָא וְטָח בְּטִיט עַל הַכּל מִבַּחוּץ הֲרֵי זֶה מְקַבֵּל טֻמְאָה:
A pit used by Arabs - i.e., one digs in the earth, coats the pit with clay, and bakes in it - is governed by the following rules: If the clay could stand independently, it is susceptible to ritual impurity. If not, it is pure.
ויוֹרַת הָעַרְבִיִּים שֶׁהוּא חוֹפֵר בָּאָרֶץ וְטָח בְּטִיט אִם יוּכַל הַטִּיט לַעֲמֹד בִּפְנֵי עַצְמוֹ מְקַבֶּלֶת טֻמְאָה וְאִם לָאו טָהוֹר:
When one brings earthenware shards and sticks them together and forms an oven from them, making a coating for them from the inside and from the outside, after he heats it, it becomes susceptible to impurity, even though none of the shards is of the size required.
זהַמֵּבִיא שִׁבְרֵי חֶרֶס וְדִבְּקָן זֶה בָּזֶה וַעֲשָׂאָן תַּנּוּר וְעָשָׂה לוֹ טְפֵלָה מִבַּיִת וּמִבַּחוּץ וְהִסִּיקוֹ הֲרֵי זֶה מְקַבֵּל טֻמְאָה אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵין בְּכָל אֶחָד מֵהֶן כַּשִּׁעוּר:
When one removed the base of a large barrel and made it into an oven, coating its exterior with clay, it is pure even though its walls are capable of containing the required amount. The rationale is that once an earthenware container is classified as not being susceptible to impurity, it never becomes susceptible again unless one makes it into an oven and coats it on the inside and on the outside.
חפִּטָּם שֶׁקִּרְזְלוֹ וַעֲשָׂאַהוּ תַּנּוּר וְעָשָׂה לוֹ טְפֵלָה מִחוּץ אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁמְּקַבֵּל עַל דָּפְנוֹתָיו כַּשִּׁעוּר הֲרֵי זֶה טָהוֹר שֶׁכְּלִי חֶרֶס שֶׁטָּהַר אֵין לוֹ טֻמְאָה לְעוֹלָם אֶלָּא אִם כֵּן עֲשָׂאָהוּ תַּנּוּר וְעָשָׂה לוֹ טְפֵלָה מִבַּיִת וּמִבַּחוּץ:
When there is an oven with cracks for which a coating was made for each of the pieces, but the place of the cracks was left open, it is not susceptible to impurity. If clay, lime, or gypsum were placed on the cracks, it is susceptible to impurity. If one patched it with a paste made from ground earthenware and water, tar, sulfur, beeswax, yeast, dough, or animal turds, it is pure. This is the general principle: An entity from which an oven is not usually made is not considered as being sufficient to patch the cracks.
טתַּנּוּר שֶׁל סְדָקִין שֶׁעָשָׂה טְפֵלָה לְכָל אֶחָד וְאֶחָד וּמְקוֹם הַסְּדָקִין מְגֻלֶּה אֵינוֹ מְקַבֵּל טֻמְאָה. נָתַן טִיט אוֹ סִיד אוֹ גַּפְסִיס עַל גַּבֵּי הַסְּדָקִין הֲרֵי זֶה מִתְטַמֵּא. נָתַן עֲלֵיהֶן חַרְסִית אוֹ זֶפֶת וְגָפְרִית שַׁעֲוָה וּשְׁמָרִים בָּצֵק אוֹ גְּלָלִים טָהוֹר. זֶה הַכְּלָל דָּבָר שֶׁאֵין עוֹשִׂין מִמֶּנּוּ תַּנּוּר אֵינוֹ מְחַבֵּר אֶת הַסְּדָקִין:
When the crack in an oven is positioned in a corner, even though one smeared clay at the sides, it is pure.
יסֶדֶק תַּנּוּר שֶׁנְּתָנוֹ כְּלַפֵּי זָוִית וּמֵרֵחַ בְּטִיט מִן הַצְּדָדִין טָהוֹר:
When a shelf outside an oven was placed in a corner in order to bake with it, it is pure. If it comprises the majority of the oven, it is susceptible to impurity.
יאדַּף שֶׁל תַּנּוּר שֶׁנְּתָנוֹ בְּזָוִית לִהְיוֹת אוֹפֶה בּוֹ טָהוֹר. וְאִם יֵשׁ בּוֹ רֹב תַּנּוּר מְקַבֵּל טֻמְאָה:
The following rules apply when a person filled half of an oven with earth. If the oven contracted impurity from its inner space alone, only the portion above the earth contracts impurity. If it contracted impurity from contact with a source of impurity and the impurity touched its inside, the entire oven contracts impurity, even the portion below the earth.
יבתַּנּוּר שֶׁנָּתַן בּוֹ עָפָר עַד חֶצְיוֹ אִם נִטְמָא מֵאֲוִירוֹ בִּלְבַד אֵינוֹ מִתְטַמֵּא אֶלָּא מֵעָפָר וּלְמַעְלָה וְאִם נִטְמָא בְּמַגָּע וְנָגְעָה טֻמְאָה בּוֹ מִתּוֹכוֹ נִטְמָא כֻּלּוֹ אַף מֵעָפָר וּלְמַטָּה:
The term kirah refers to a range with a place for two pots to rest; the term kopach refers to a range with a place for one pot to rest. Therefore if a kirah is divided lengthwise, it is pure. If it is split across its width, it is still susceptible to impurity. When, by contrast, a kopach is split, it is pure whether it is split lengthwise or widthwise.
יגהַכִּירָה מְקוֹם שְׁפִיתַת שְׁתֵּי קְדֵרוֹת וְהַכֻּפָּח מְקוֹם שְׁפִיתַת קְדֵרָה אַחַת. לְפִיכָךְ כִּירָה שֶׁנֶּחְלְקָה לְאָרְכָּהּ טְהוֹרָה לְרָחְבָּהּ עֲדַיִן מְקַבֶּלֶת טֻמְאָה. הַכֻּפָּח שֶׁנֶּחְלַק בֵּין לְאָרְכּוֹ בֵּין לְרָחְבּוֹ טָהוֹר:
The following rules apply when there is an opening in the upper surface of the base used by homeowners placed below a range. If the opening is less than three handbreadths deep, the range is susceptible to impurity, because if the kindling fuel is less than three handbreadths from the bottom of the range, a pot placed above will cook. If the opening is three handbreadths or more deep, it is not susceptible to impurity, because the fire will be too far from the pot and it will not cook.
If one places a stone or a rock over the opening, the range is still pure. If one coated the stone with clay, it becomes the base of the range and the range is susceptible to impurity in the future.
ידהַקְּלָתוֹת שֶׁל בַּעֲלֵי בָּתִּים שֶׁנִּפְחֲתָה קַרְקָעִיתָהּ אִם הָיָה עֹמֶק הַפְּחָת פָּחוֹת מִשְּׁלֹשָׁה טְפָחִים הֲרֵי זוֹ מְקַבֶּלֶת טֻמְאָה שֶׁאִם יַסִּיק בַּפְּחָת מִלְּמַטָּה תִּתְבַּשֵּׁל הַקְּדֵרָה מִלְּמַעְלָה. הָיָה הַפְּחָת עָמֹק שְׁלֹשָׁה אוֹ יֶתֶר אֵינָהּ מְקַבֶּלֶת טֻמְאָה שֶׁהֲרֵי הָאֵשׁ רְחוֹקָה מִן הַקְּדֵרָה וְאֵינָהּ בְּשֵׁלָה. נָתַן אֶבֶן אוֹ צְרוֹר עַל פִּי הַפְּחָת עֲדַיִן הִיא בְּטָהֳרָתָהּ. מֵרְחוֹ בְּטִיט נַעֲשֵׂת הָאֶבֶן קַרְקַע הַכִּירָה וּמְקַבֶּלֶת טֻמְאָה מִכָּאן וּלְהַבָּא:
Keilim - Chapter 17
All accessories of keilim are considered as the k'li itself. If the k'li contracts impurity, an accessory that is required to enable it to be used also contracts impurity. If the accessory is not required to enable it to be used, it is pure, as will be explained. Therefore when a stone protrudes a handbreadth from an oven or three fingerbreadths from a range with a place for two pots, it is considered as connected. Hence, if the oven or the range contract impurity, these stones also do. If foods or liquids touch these stones, they contract impurity. If they touch a place that is beyond a handbreadth from an oven or beyond three fingerbreadths from a range, they are pure.
אכָּל יְדוֹת הַכֵּלִים הֲרֵי הֵן כְּכֵלִים וְאִם נִטְמָא הַכְּלִי נִטמְאָה יָדוֹ הַצָּרִיךְ לָהּ בְּתַשְׁמִישׁוֹ וְשֶׁאֵין צָרִיךְ לָהּ טָהוֹר כְּמוֹ שֶׁיִּתְבָּאֵר. לְפִיכָךְ הָאֶבֶן הַיּוֹצֵאת מִן הַתַּנּוּר טֶפַח וּמִן הַכִּירָה שָׁלֹשׁ אֶצְבָּעוֹת חִבּוּר וְאִם נִטְמָא הַתַּנּוּר וְהַכִּירָה נִטְמְאוּ אֲבָנִים אֵלּוּ. וָאֳכָלִין וּמַשְׁקִין הַנּוֹגְעִין בַּאֲבָנִים אֵלּוּ נִטְמְאוּ. וְאִם נָגְעוּ בְּחוּץ לְטֶפַח שֶׁל תַּנּוּר אוֹ בְּחוּץ לְשָׁלֹשׁ אֶצְבָּעוֹת שֶׁל כִּירָה טְהוֹרִין:
When a range with a place for one pot was made for baking, the measure is the same as that of an oven. If it was made for cooking, the measure is the same as that of a range.
בהַכֻּפָּח עֲשָׂאָהוּ לַאֲפִיָּה שִׁעוּרוֹ כְּתַנּוּר. עֲשָׂאָהוּ לְבִשּׁוּל שִׁעוּרוֹ כְּכִירָה:
With regard to the extra layer of earth placed on top of an oven: that of homeowners is pure; that of bakers is susceptible to impurity like the oven is, because it is used as support for a spit. A similar law: an addition built around a pot used by those who cook olives is impure. One used by dyers is pure.
גמוּסַף הַתַּנּוּר שֶׁל בַּעֲלֵי בָּתִּים טָהוֹר וְשֶׁל נַחְתּוֹמִין טָמֵא בְּטֻמְאַת הַתַּנּוּר מִפְּנֵי שֶׁסּוֹמֵךְ עָלָיו אֶת הַשִּׁפּוּד. כַּיּוֹצֵא בּוֹ מוּסַף יוֹרָה שֶׁל שׁוֹלְקֵי זֵיתִים טָמֵא וְשֶׁל צַבָּעִים טָהוֹר:
The "crown" of a range is pure. The following laws apply to the tira of an oven, i.e., a place built at the side of an oven where a loaf is placed when it is removed from the oven. If it is four handbreadths high, it contracts impurity together with the oven. If it is less than four handbreadths high, it is pure, because it is not connected to the oven. If it was connected to the oven, even on three stones, it can contract impurity.
דעֲטֶרֶת הַכִּירָה טְהוֹרָה. וְטִירַת הַתַּנּוּר וְהוּא הַמָּקוֹם הַבָּנוּי בְּצִדּוֹ שֶׁמַּנִּיחִין בּוֹ אֶת הַפַּת בְּעֵת רְדִיָּתָהּ בִּזְמַן שֶׁהִיא גְּבוֹהָה אַרְבָּעָה טְפָחִים טְמֵאָה בְּטֻמְאַת הַתַּנּוּר. פָּחוֹת מֵאַרְבָּעָה טְפָחִים טְהוֹרָה לְפִי שֶׁאֵינָהּ חִבּוּר לוֹ. וְאִם חִבְּרָהּ לַתַּנּוּר אֲפִלּוּ עַל שָׁלֹשׁ אֲבָנִים טְמֵאָה:
The following laws apply to a place at the side of a range for a cruse of oil to be stored, for spices to be stored, or for a lamp to be placed. If the range contracted impurity by contact with a source of impurity, all of the above also contract impurity. If the range contracts impurity due to the presence of a source of impurity in its inner space, they do not contract impurity, because they are considered as joined to the range only by Rabbinic decree. Therefore our Sages made a distinction in this regard, so that terumah and sacrificial food that come in contact with it should not be burnt.
Similarly, any object concerning which it is stated that it contracts impurity through contact with a source of impurity, but it does not contract impurity due to the presence of a source of impurity in its inner space is considered as connected to an object that is fully susceptible to ritual impurity only according to Rabbinic Law. A distinction was made in its regard so that consecrated foods should not be burnt because of it, but instead, they should be held in abeyance.
הבֵּית הַפָּךְ וּבֵית הַתַּבְלִין וּבֵית הַנֵּר שֶׁבַּכִּירָה אִם נִטְמֵאת הַכִּירָה בְּמַגָּע נִטְמְאוּ כֻּלָּן וְאִם נִטְמֵאת בַּאֲוִיר לֹא נִטְמְאוּ לְפִי שֶׁאֵינָן חִבּוּר לָהּ אֶלָּא מִדִּבְרֵי סוֹפְרִים. וּלְפִיכָךְ עָשׂוּ לָהּ הֶכֵּר כְּדֵי שֶׁלֹּא יִשָּׂרְפוּ עַל מַגָּעָן תְּרוּמָה וְקָדָשִׁים. וְכֵן כָּל שֶׁאָנוּ אוֹמְרִין בְּעִנְיָן זֶה שֶׁהוּא מִתְטַמֵּא בְּמַגָּע וְאֵינוֹ מִתְטַמֵּא בַּאֲוִיר אֵינוֹ חִבּוּר אֶלָּא מִדִּבְרֵיהֶם וְעָשׂוּ לוֹ הֶכֵּר זֶה כְּדֵי שֶׁלֹּא יִשָּׂרְפוּ עָלָיו קָדָשִׁים אֶלָּא תּוֹלִין:
The open space in front of a range is considered as joined to the range when it is elevated three fingerbreadths above the ground. If either the range or its open space contracts impurity either due to the presence of a source of impurity in its inner space or through contact with a source of impurity, the other entity also contracts impurity.
If the open space was lower than that and one contracted impurity through contact with a source of impurity, the other entity also contracts impurity. If, however, one contracts impurity only due to the presence of a source of impurity in its inner space, the other entity is not impure. The rationale is that it is only considered as connected according to Rabbinic decree.
When the open space in front of a range was separate from it, when it is three fingerbreadths high, it is considered as joined to the range, both with regard to impurity stemming from contact with a source of impurity or the impurity that arises due to the presence of impurity in its inner space. If it was lower than this or the open space was flat and did not have a border, it is not considered as joined to the range. If the range contracts impurity - whether due to the presence of a source of impurity in its inner space or through contact with a source of impurity - the open space is pure. Conversely, if the open space contracts impurity, the range is pure.
וחֲצַר הַכִּירָה בִּזְמַן שֶׁהִיא גְּבוֹהָה שָׁלֹשׁ אֶצְבָּעוֹת הֲרֵי זוֹ חִבּוּר וְאִם נִטְמֵאת הַכִּירָה אוֹ חֲצֵרָהּ בֵּין בַּאֲוִיר בֵּין בְּמַגָּע נִטְמֵאת הַשְּׁנִיָּה. הָיְתָה הֶחָצֵר פְּחוּתָה מִכָּאן וְנִטְמֵאת אַחַת מֵהֶן בְּמַגָּע נִטְמֵאת הַשְּׁנִיָּה. אֲבָל אִם נִטְמֵאת אַחַת מֵהֶן מֵאֲוִירָהּ בִּלְבַד אֵין חֲבֶרְתָּהּ טְמֵאָה לְפִי שֶׁאֵינָהּ חִבּוּר לָהּ אֶלָּא מִדִּבְרֵיהֶם. הָיְתָה חֲצַר הַכִּירָה מֻפְרֶשֶׁת מִמֶּנָּה בִּזְמַן שֶׁהִיא גְּבוֹהָה שָׁלֹשׁ אֶצְבָּעוֹת הֲרֵי זוֹ חִבּוּר לָהּ בֵּין לְטֻמְאַת מַגָּע בֵּין לְטֻמְאַת אֲוִיר. הָיְתָה פָּחוֹת מִכָּאן אוֹ שֶׁהָיְתָה הֶחָצֵר חֲלָקָה וְאֵין לָהּ שָׂפָה אֵין חִבּוּר לָהּ וְאִם נִטְמֵאת הַכִּירָה בֵּין מֵאֲוִירָהּ בֵּין בְּמַגַּע הֶחָצֵר טְהוֹרָה וְכֵן אִם נִטְמֵאת הֶחָצֵר הַכִּירָה טְהוֹרָה:
The following laws apply with regard to trivets on which a pot is placed on a range. If each of them was three fingerbreadths high or less, if the range contracts impurity - whether through contact with a source of impurity or due to the presence of a source of impurity in its inner space - all three contract impurity. Similar laws apply if there are four protrusions on which a pot is placed.
If one of the protrusions of the trivet is removed, a slight leniency is granted. If the range contracts impurity from contact with a source of impurity, the two remaining protrusions also contract impurity. But if the range contracts impurity due to the presence of impurity in its inner space, the protrusions do not contract impurity.
If at the outset only two protrusions - one opposite the other - were made to support a pot on a range, similar laws apply. If the range contracts impurity from contact with a source of impurity, the protrusions also contract impurity. But if the range contracts impurity due to the presence of impurity in its inner space, the protrusions do not contract impurity.
When the trivet was more than three fingerbreadths high, the portions that are three fingerbreadths high and lower contract impurity together with the range whether through contact with a source of impurity or due to the presence of a source of impurity in its inner space. The portions higher than three fingerbreadths contract impurity together with the range if it contracts impurity through contact with a source of impurity. If, however, it contracts impurity due to the presence of a source of impurity in its inner space, it does not contract impurity with it.
If the protrusions are removed from the rim of the range, when they are located within three fingerbreadths of the rim, they contract impurity together with the range whether through contact with a source of impurity or due to the presence of a source of impurity in its inner space. When they are located beyond three fingerbreadths from the rim, they contract impurity together with the range if it contracts impurity through contact with a source of impurity. If, however, it contracts impurity due to the presence of a source of impurity in its inner space, the protrusions do not contract impurity with it.
We are not extremely meticulous with regard to these measurments, for they are all of Rabbinic origin.
זפִּטְפּוּטֵי כִּירָה שְׁלֹשָׁה הָיָה גֹּבַהּ כָּל אֶחָד מֵהֶן שָׁלֹשׁ אֶצְבָּעוֹת אוֹ פָּחוֹת אִם נִטְמֵאת הַכִּירָה בֵּין בְּמַגָּע בֵּין בַּאֲוִיר נִטְמְאוּ שְׁלָשְׁתָּן. וְכֵן אִם הָיוּ אַרְבָּעָה. נִטַּל אֶחָד מֵהֶן אִם נִטְמֵאת הַכִּירָה בְּמַגָּע נִטְמְאוּ שְׁנֵי הַפִּטְפּוּטִים שֶׁנִּשְׁאֲרוּ וְאִם נִטְמֵאת בָּאֲוִיר לֹא נִטְמְאוּ עִמָּהּ. עָשָׂה לָהּ שְׁנֵי הַפִּטְפּוּטִים זֶה כְּנֶגֶד זֶה אִם נִטְמֵאת הַכִּירָה בְּמַגָּע נִטְמְאוּ. וְאִם נִטְמֵאת בָּאֲוִיר לֹא נִטְמְאוּ. הָיוּ הַפִּטְפּוּטִים גְּבוֹהִין מִשָּׁלֹשׁ אֶצְבָּעוֹת וּלְמַטָּה מִתְטַמְּאִין עִמָּהּ בֵּין שֶׁנִּטְמֵאת בְּמַגָּע בֵּין שֶׁנִּטְמֵאת בָּאֲוִיר. וּמִשָּׁלֹשׁ וּלְמַעְלָה מִתְטַמְּאִין עִמָּהּ אִם נִטְמֵאת בְּמַגָּע אֲבָל אִם נִטְמֵאת מֵאֲוִירָהּ בִּלְבַד אֵין מִתְטַמְּאִין עִמָּהּ. הָיוּ מְשׁוּכִין מִן הַשָּׂפָה בְּתוֹךְ שָׁלֹשׁ אֶצְבָּעוֹת מִתְטַמְּאִין עִמָּהּ בֵּין שֶׁנִּטְמֵאת בְּמַגָּע בֵּין שֶׁנִּטְמֵאתָ בָּאֲוִיר. הָיוּ חוּץ לְשָׁלֹשׁ אֶצְבָּעוֹת מִתְטַמְּאִין עִמָּהּ אִם נִטְמֵאת בְּמַגָּע וְאִם נִטְמֵאת בָּאֲוִיר בִּלְבַד אֵין מִתְטַמְּאִין עִמָּהּ. וְאֵין מְדַקְדְּקִין בְּכָל הַשִּׁעוּרִין הָאֵלּוּ שֶׁכֻּלָּן הֵן מִדִּבְרֵי סוֹפְרִים:
Quiz Yourself on Keilim Chapter 15
Quiz Yourself on Keilim Chapter 16
Quiz Yourself on Keilim Chapter 17
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