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Rambam - 1 Chapter a Day

Me`ilah - Chapter 8

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Me`ilah - Chapter 8

1

When workers are working in consecrated orchards, even though it was agreed that they would receive food, they should not eat consecrated figs. If they do, they violate the prohibition against me'ilah. Instead, the Temple treasury should give them money to purchase food.

א

הַפּוֹעֲלִים שֶׁהֵן עוֹשִׂין בְּהֶקְדֵּשׁ אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁפָּסְקוּ עִמָּהֶן מְזוֹנוֹת לֹא יֹאכְלוּ מִגְּרוֹגָרוֹת שֶׁל הֶקְדֵּשׁ וְאִם אָכְלוּ מָעֲלוּ. אֶלָּא הַהֶקְדֵּשׁ נוֹתֵן לָהֶם דְּמֵי מְזוֹנוֹת:

2

When a person is threshing vetch that is consecrated, he must muzzle the ox. Although Deuteronomy 25:4 states: "Do not muzzle an ox while it is threshing," the latter phrase can be interpreted as "threshing appropriate for it."

ב

הַדָּשׁ כַּרְשִׁינֵי הֶקְדֵּשׁ הֲרֵי זֶה חוֹסֵם אֶת הַפָּרָה. שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (דברים כה ד) "לֹא תַחְסֹם שׁוֹר בְּדִישׁוֹ" דַּיִשׁ הָרָאוּי לוֹ:

3

The holiness of consecrated property should not be transferred as payment for work, but only on money.

What is implied? When a craftsman performs a maneh's worth of work for the Temple treasury, he should not be given a consecrated animal, nor a consecrated garment as payment unless its holiness is first transferred to money. After the article became ordinary property, it can be given to the craftsman as his wages. If the treasurers desire, they may then purchase the animal from the Temple treasury.

ג

אֵין מְחַלְּלִין אֶת הַהֶקְדֵּשׁ עַל הַמְּלָאכָה אֶלָּא עַל הַמָּעוֹת. כֵּיצַד. אֻמָּן שֶׁעָשָׂה מְלָאכָה בְּהֶקְדֵּשׁ בְּמָנֶה אֵין נוֹתְנִין לוֹ בֶּהֱמַת הֶקְדֵּשׁ אוֹ טַלִּית הֶקְדֵּשׁ בִּשְׂכָרוֹ עַד שֶׁמְּחַלְּלִין אוֹתָן עַל הַמָּעוֹת. וְאַחַר שֶׁיֵּעָשׂוּ חֻלִּין נוֹתְנִין אוֹתָן לָאֻמָּן בִּשְׂכָרוֹ אִם רָצוּ. וְחוֹזְרִין וְלוֹקְחִין מִמֶּנּוּ בְּהֵמָה מִתְּרוּמַת הַלִּשְׁכָּה:

4

When the Temple is being built, consecrated wood and stones should not be taken, nor should the building be built with the intent that it is consecrated. Instead, everything should be built from ordinary property. This is a decree lest one of the workers benefit from the shade of the building or lean on a stone or beam while working. After the building is completed, the holiness of consecrated funds is transferred to the building.

If the treasurers need wood for the Temple for that day alone, they may purchase it with consecrated funds, for they are not delaying the matter for days in which instance it would be necessary to take precautions lest one lean on them and thus violate the prohibition against me'ilah.

ד

כְּשֶׁבּוֹנִין בַּמִּקְדָּשׁ אֵין לוֹקְחִין עֵצִים וַאֲבָנִים מִן הַהֶקְדֵּשׁ וְלֹא בּוֹנִין אֶת הַבִּנְיָן עַל דַּעַת שֶׁהוּא קֹדֶשׁ אֶלָּא בּוֹנִין הַכּל מִן הַחל. גְּזֵרָה שֶׁמָּא יֵהָנֶה בְּצֵל הַבִּנְיָן אוֹ יִשָּׁעֵן עַל אֶבֶן אוֹ קוֹרָה בִּשְׁעַת מְלָאכָה. וְאַחַר שֶׁיֻּשְׁלַם הַבִּנְיָן מְחַלְּלִין מְעוֹת הַהֶקְדֵּשׁ עַל הַבִּנְיָן. וְאִם צָרְכוּ הַגִּזְבָּרִין לְעֵצִים לַקֹּדֶשׁ לְאוֹתוֹ הַיּוֹם בִּלְבַד לוֹקְחִין אוֹתָן מִמְּעוֹת הַהֶקְדֵּשׁ שֶׁהֲרֵי אֵינָן מִתְאַחֲרִין יָמִים כְּדֵי שֶׁנָּחוּשׁ לָהֶן שֶׁמָּא יִשָּׁעֵן אָדָם עֲלֵיהֶן וְיִמְעל:

5

When an agreement is made with workers to build in the Temple and its courtyards, the agreement is made for so-and-so many selaim for so-and-so many cubits, considering a cubit as containing 20 thumbbreadths. When a measurement is made of what they built, it is measured and payment determined, considering a cubit as containing 24 thumbbreadths, so that the workers will not take unfair benefit from the Temple treasury, because they are not exact in measurement.

ה

כְּשֶׁפּוֹסְקִין עִם הָאֻמָּנִין לִבְנוֹת בַּמִּקְדָּשׁ וּבָעֲזָרוֹת. פּוֹסְקִין עִמָּהֶן כָּךְ וְכָךְ אַמָּה בְּכָךְ וְכָךְ סֶלַע בְּאַמָּה בַּת עֶשְׂרִים אֶצְבַּע. וּכְשֶׁמּוֹשְׁחִין לָהֶן מַה שֶּׁבָּנוּ מוֹשְׁחִין וּמְחַשְּׁבִין לָהֶן בְּאַמָּה גְּדוֹלָה בַּת עֶשְׂרִים וְאַרְבַּע אֶצְבָּעוֹת כְּדֵי שֶׁלֹּא יָבוֹאוּ לִידֵי מְעִילָה מִפְּנֵי שֶׁאֵין מְדַקְדְּקִין בִּמְשִׁיחָה:

6

It is a stipulation of the court that the priests may benefit from consecrated salt and wood while partaking of the sacrifices granted to them as their portion. They may not, however, use the salt of the Temple on their ordinary food.

ו

תְּנַאי בֵּית דִּין שֶׁיִּהְיוּ הַכֹּהֲנִים נֵאוֹתִין בַּמֶּלַח וּבָעֵצִים בַּאֲכִילַת קָרְבָּנוֹת שֶׁאוֹכְלִין בְּחֶלְקָן. אֲבָל לֹא יִתְּנוּ מֶלַח הַמִּקְדָּשׁ בְּחֻלִּין שֶׁלָּהֶן:

7

The prohibition against me'ilah applies to salt that is on a limb from a sacrifice to be offered on the altar. It does not, however, apply to salt on the ramp and the top of the altar.

ז

מֶלַח שֶׁעַל גַּבֵּי הָאֵיבָר מוֹעֲלִין בּוֹ. שֶׁעַל גַּבֵּי הַכֶּבֶשׁ וְשֶׁעַל רֹאשׁ הַמִּזְבֵּחַ אֵין מוֹעֲלִין בּוֹ:

8

It is appropriate for a person to meditate on the judgments of the holy Torah and know their ultimate purpose according to his capacity. If he cannot find a reason or a motivating rationale for a practice, he should not regard it lightly. Nor should he break through to ascend to God, lest God burst forth against him. One's thoughts concerning them should not be like his thoughts concerning other ordinary matters.

See how severe the Torah rules concerning misappropriating sacred property. Now if wood, stones, earth, and ash become holy because the name of the Lord of the world was called upon them through speech alone and anyone who treats them as ordinary articles violates the prohibition against me'ilah and even if he acted unknowingly, he is required to secure atonement, how much more so with regard to the mitzvot which God ordained for us should a person not treat them derisively, because he does not understand their rationale. He should not conjure up matters that are not true concerning God, nor should he think about them with his mind as he would ordinary matters. For Leviticus 19:37 states: "And you shall guard all My decrees and all My judgments and perform them." Our Sages commented:This adjures us to guard and perform both the decrees and the judgments. The meaning of "performing" is well known, i.e,. that one should observe the decrees. "Guarding" means to treat them with caution and not think that they are any less than the judgments.

The judgments are those mitzvot whose motivating rationale is openly revealed and the benefit of their observance in this world is known, e.g., the prohibitions against robbery and bloodshed and honoring one's father and mother. The decrees are the mitzvot whose motivating rationales are not known. Our Sages said: "I ordained decrees and you have no license to question them." A person's natural inclination confronts him concerning them and the nations of the world challenge them, e.g., the prohibition of the meat of a pig, milk and meat, the calf whose neck is broken, the red heifer, and the goat sent to Azazel. To what degree did King David suffer because of the heretics and the idolaters who would issue challenges concerning the decrees! As long as they would pursue him with false retorts that they would arrange according to man's limited knowledge, he would increase his clinging to the Torah, as Psalms 119:69 states: "Willful transgressors have stacked falsehoods against me, but I guard Your precepts with a full heart." And ibid.:86 states concerning this matter: "All of Your mitzvot are faithful; they pursue me with falsehood; help me."

All of the sacrifices are in the category of decrees. Our Sages said: "The world exists for the sake of the service of the sacrifices." For through the performance of the decrees and the judgments the righteous merit the life of the world to come. And between the two of them, the Torah gave precedence to the command for the decrees, as Leviticus 18:5 states: "And you shall heed My decrees and judgments which a person will perform and live through them."

ח

רָאוּי לָאָדָם לְהִתְבּוֹנֵן בְּמִשְׁפְּטֵי הַתּוֹרָה הַקְּדוֹשָׁה וְלֵידַע סוֹף עִנְיָנָם כְּפִי כֹּחוֹ. וְדָבָר שֶׁלֹּא יִמְצָא לוֹ טַעַם וְלֹא יֵדַע לוֹ עִלָּה אַל יְהִי קַל בְּעֵינָיו וְלֹא יַהֲרֹס לַעֲלוֹת אֶל ה' פֶּן יִפְרֹץ בּוֹ. וְלֹא תְּהֵא מַחֲשַׁבְתּוֹ בּוֹ כְּמַחְשַׁבְתּוֹ בִּשְׁאָר דִּבְרֵי הַחל. בּוֹא וּרְאֵה כַּמָּה הֶחְמִירָה תּוֹרָה בִּמְעִילָה. וּמָה אִם עֵצִים וַאֲבָנִים וְעָפָר וָאֵפֶר כֵּיוָן שֶׁנִּקְרָא שֵׁם אֲדוֹן הָעוֹלָם עֲלֵיהֶם בִּדְבָרִים בִּלְבַד נִתְקַדְּשׁוּ וְכָל הַנּוֹהֵג בָּהֶן מִנְהַג חֹל מָעַל בָּהּ וַאֲפִלּוּ הָיָה שׁוֹגֵג צָרִיךְ כַּפָּרָה. קַל וָחֹמֶר לְמִצְוֹת שֶׁחָקַק לָנוּ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא שֶׁלֹּא יִבְעַט הָאָדָם בָּהֶן מִפְּנֵי שֶׁלֹּא יֵדַע טַעְמָן. וְלֹא יְחַפֶּה דְּבָרִים אֲשֶׁר לֹא כֵּן עַל הַשֵּׁם וְלֹא יַחְשֹׁב בָּהֶן מַחְשַׁבְתּוֹ כְּדִבְרֵי הַחל. הֲרֵי נֶאֱמַר בַּתּוֹרָה (ויקרא יט לז) (ויקרא כ כב) "וּשְׁמַרְתֶּם אֶת כָּל חֻקֹּתַי וְאֶת כָּל מִשְׁפָּטַי וַעֲשִׂיתֶם אֹתָם". אָמְרוּ חֲכָמִים לִתֵּן שְׁמִירָה וַעֲשִׂיָּה לַחֻקִּים כַּמִּשְׁפָּטִים. וְהָעֲשִׂיָּה יְדוּעָה וְהִיא שֶׁיַּעֲשֶׂה הַחֻקִּים. וְהַשְּׁמִירָה שֶׁיִּזָּהֵר בָּהֶן וְלֹא יְדַמֶּה שֶׁהֵן פְּחוּתִין מִן הַמִּשְׁפָּטִים. וְהַמִּשְׁפָּטִים הֵן הַמִּצְוֹת שֶׁטַּעְמָן גָּלוּי וְטוֹבַת עֲשִׂיָּתָן בָּעוֹלָם הַזֶּה יְדוּעָה כְּגוֹן אִסּוּר גֵּזֶל וּשְׁפִיכוּת דָּמִים וְכִבּוּד אָב וָאֵם. וְהַחֻקִּים הֵן הַמִּצְוֹת שֶׁאֵין טַעְמָן יָדוּעַ. אָמְרוּ חֲכָמִים חֻקִּים חַקֹּתִי לְךָ וְאֵין לְךָ רְשׁוּת לְהַרְהֵר בָּהֶן. וְיִצְרוֹ שֶׁל אָדָם נוֹקְפוֹ בָּהֶן וְאֻמּוֹת הָעוֹלָם מְשִׁיבִין עֲלֵיהֶן כְּגוֹן אִסּוּר בְּשַׂר חֲזִיר וּבָשָׂר בְּחָלָב וְעֶגְלָה עֲרוּפָה וּפָרָה אֲדֻמָּה וְשָׂעִיר הַמִּשְׁתַּלֵּחַ. וְכַמָּה הָיָה דָּוִד הַמֶּלֶךְ מִצְטַעֵר מִן הַמִּינִים וּמִן הָעַכּוּ''ם שֶׁהָיוּ מְשִׁיבִין עַל הַחֻקִּים. וְכָל זְמַן שֶׁהָיוּ רוֹדְפִין אוֹתוֹ בִּתְשׁוּבוֹת הַשֶּׁקֶר שֶׁעוֹרְכִין לְפִי קֹצֶר דַּעַת הָאָדָם הָיָה מוֹסִיף דְּבֵקוּת בַּתּוֹרָה. שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (תהילים קיט סט) "טָפְלוּ עָלַי שֶׁקֶר זֵדִים אֲנִי בְּכָל לֵב אֶצֹּר פִּקּוּדֶיךָ". וְנֶאֱמַר שָׁם בָּעִנְיָן (תהילים קיט פו) "כָּל מִצְוֹתֶיךָ אֱמוּנָה שֶׁקֶר רְדָפוּנִי עָזְרֵנִי". וְכָל הַקָּרְבָּנוֹת כֻּלָּן מִכְּלַל הַחֻקִּים הֵן. אָמְרוּ חֲכָמִים שֶׁבִּשְׁבִיל עֲבוֹדַת הַקָּרְבָּנוֹת הָעוֹלָם עוֹמֵד. שֶׁבַּעֲשִׂיַּת הַחֻקִּים וְהַמִּשְׁפָּטִים זוֹכִין הַיְשָׁרִים לְחַיֵּי הָעוֹלָם הַבָּא. וְהִקְדִּימָה תּוֹרָה צִוּוּי עַל הַחֻקִּים. שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ויקרא יח ה) "וּשְׁמַרְתֶּם אֶת חֻקֹּתַי וְאֶת מִשְׁפָּטַי אֲשֶׁר יַעֲשֶׂה אֹתָם הָאָדָם וָחַי בָּהֶם".

Blessed be God who grants assistance.

This concludes the eighth book with the help of the Almighty.

The amount of chapters in this book are 95:
Hilchot Beit Habechirah - 8 chapters.
Hilchot Klei Hamikdash - 10 chapters.
Hilchot Biat Hamikdash - 9 chapters.
Hilchot Issurei Mizbeiach - 7 chapters.
Hilchot Maaseh Hakorbanot - 19 chapters.
Hilchot Temidin uMusafim - 10 chapters.
Hilchot Pesulei Hamukdashim - 19 chapters.
Hilchot Avodat Yom haKippurim - 5 chapters.
Hilchot Me`ilah - 8 chapters.

בְּרִיךְ רַחֲמָנָא דְּסַיְּעָן

נגמר ספר שמיני בעזרת שד-י

ומניין פרקים שלספר זה חמשה ותשעים:
הלכות בית הבחירה - שמונה פרקים
הלכות כלי המקדש - עשרה פרקים
הלכות ביאת המקדש - תשעה פרקים
הלכות אסורי מזבח - שבעה פרקים
הלכות מעשה הקרבנות - תשעה עשר פרקים
הלכות תמידין ומוספין - עשרה פרקים
הלכות פסולי המוקדשין - תשעה עשר פרקים
הלכות עבודת יום הכפורים - חמשה פרקים
הלכות מעילה - שמונה פרקים

Quiz Yourself on Me`ilah Chapter 8

The Mishneh Torah was the Rambam's (Rabbi Moses ben Maimon) magnum opus, a work spanning hundreds of chapters and describing all of the laws mentioned in the Torah. To this day it is the only work that details all of Jewish observance, including those laws which are only applicable when the Holy Temple is in place. Participating in one of the annual study cycles of these laws (3 chapters/day, 1 chapter/day, or Sefer Hamitzvot) is a way we can play a small but essential part in rebuilding the final Temple.
Download Rambam Study Schedules: 3 Chapters | 1 Chapter | Daily Mitzvah
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The text on this page contains sacred literature. Please do not deface or discard.