Mishnah 3 (a)

נָשִׁים וַעֲבָדִים וּקְטַנִּים – פְּטוּרִין מִקְּרִיאַת שְׁמַע וּמִן הַתְּפִלִּין, וְחַיָּבִין בַּתְּפִלָּה, וּבַמְּזוּזָה, וּבְבִרְכַּת הַמָּזוֹן.

Women, slaves and minors are exempt from reciting the Shema and from Tefillin, but are obligated in Prayer, Mezuzah and to recite the Grace after Meal Blessing.