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Chabad.org » Inspiration & Entertainment » Tales from the Past » From the Midrash » The Walls of the Study Hall
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The Caving Walls of the Study Hall


[An oven] that was cut into parts and sand was placed between the parts, Rabbi Eliezer maintained that it is pure (i.e., not susceptible to ritual impurity). The other sages said that it is susceptible to ritual impurity....

On that day, Rabbi Eliezer brought them all sorts of proofs, but they were rejected. Said he to them: "If the law is as I say, may the carob tree prove it." The carob tree was uprooted from its place a distance of 100 cubits. Others say, 400 cubits. Said they to him: "One cannot prove anything from a carob tree."

Said [Rabbi Eliezer] to them: "If the law is as I say, may the aqueduct prove it." The water in the aqueduct began to flow backwards. Saidthey to him: "One cannot prove anything from an aqueduct."

Said he to them: "If the law is as I say, then may the walls of the house of study prove it." The walls of the house of study began to cave in. Rabbi Joshua rebuked them, "If Torah scholars are debating a point of Jewish law, what are your qualifications to intervene?" The walls did not fall, in deference to Rabbi Joshua, nor did they straighten up, in deference to Rabbi Eliezer. They still stand there at a slant.

Said he to them: "If the law is as I say, may it be proven from heaven!" There then issued a heavenly voice which proclaimed: "What do you want of Rabbi Eliezer -- the law is as he says..."

Rabbi Joshua stood on his feet and said: "'The Torah is not in heaven!'1" ... We take no notice of heavenly voices, since You, G-d, have already, at Sinai, written in the Torah to "follow the majority."2

Rabbi Nathan subsequently met Elijah the Prophet and asked him: "What did G-d do at that moment?" [Elijah] replied: "He smiled and said: 'My children have triumphed over Me, My children have triumphed over Me.'"

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FOOTNOTES
1. Deuteronomy 30:12.
2. Exodus 23:2.

Talmud, Bava Metzia 59a-b
Image by chassidic artist Shoshannah Brombacher. To view or purchase Ms. Brombacher’s art, click here.

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Latest Comments:
Posted: Oct 13, 2011
Misquoting the Torah
Rabbi Joshua says that the Torah states that we should follow the majority. However, the actual commandment is "DO NOT follow the many TO DO EVIL"
Posted By Danny, New York

Posted: Sep 20, 2010
R. Eliezer
Not being satisfied with the Oven story i tried to dig up some details. This story is far more fascinating than i first thought. There are a ton of commentaries on it. Following it is really fabulous because it shows how rich our Jewish heritage is, and what first got me interested in Judaism. My final analysis follows. It leaves out a million background details :

1. Eliezer lost because he was banned from the community. He was bitter to the very end. He cursed two of the rabbis who visited him on his deathbed telling them that they would not die natural deaths. One drowned in a storm at sea. Another was tortured by the Romans.

2. The community lost because they did not know laws such as impurity to anywhere near the level of Eliezer.

3. Most often arguments only have losers.

4. The political climate/chaos of the times required excommunication. Eliezer was his intransigent self at the wrongest of times. As they say : timing is everything.

5. Lessons from the story are manifold.
Posted By Anonymous

Posted: Sep 20, 2010
Rabbi Eliezer's excommunication
The story goes that the voice of Ha-Shem explained subsequently, "The Torah was made for man; man was not made for the torah." The fact is that men are, for the most part, fallible; however, once a decision has been made--in all conscience and sincerity--the matter (for that moment) is closed. Rav Eliezar's insistent albeit valid points were regarded as divisive.
Posted By Moss Posner, M.D., Fresno, CA

Posted: Sep 20, 2010
Excommunication, response to anonymous
He was edcommunicated to instill in everyone the importance of the court's decision
Posted By Anonymous, Montreal
via fcmontreal.com

Posted: Sep 15, 2010
Rabbi Eliezer
This story is still unsettling. For Rabbi Eleizer to be excommunicated sounds very harsh. He must have done something more severe in this story. Did he keep arguing his point despite the ruling ? That would be divisive for the community. Thus, was Rabbi Eliezer guilty of having too much ego ? We are normally encouraged to ' fight for what is right '. Did Rabbi Eliezer not comprehend his negligence of the law of the majority. Did his personality cause his faux pas ?
For me and i don't think i am alone in this, excommunication in this story teaches that one should not fight for what is right, but follow like a sheep. The conclusion that G-d smiled about the incident is no solace whatsoever. Why was rabbi Elaiezer given such power of ' miracle ' ?
I heard this story several weeks ago. It continues to be disturbing in light of the verdict to excommunicate Eliezer. It almost sounds like he was mentally ill, that his holy brain blunted his talmudic brain vis a vis the law of majority ...
Posted By Anonymous

Posted: Feb 17, 2010
The Mystical Judaism of R. Eliezer
went underground with this monumental decision made by the rabbis of the sanhedrin, the passing of R. Eliezer, saved in the yeshiva of R. Shimon bar Yochai until it reappears again with Rabbi Isaac Luria, the Ari, in the 12th century. In fact, the mitnagdim try to abort its rebirth even today in the form of a 2 dimensional 'modern' Judaism devoid of soul that turned so many of us off, looking everywhere but in our own Jewish backyards for transcendence and G-dliness. There is a marriage between mysticism and human rationality that is necessary for humans to grasp just a little flavor of life beyond the material plane, to 'know' that there is much more than this physical, neuron-bound limited life, where G-d's Presence can be found, waiting for us to look His way. The rabbis did a necessary thing for Jewish survival, but now its time to awaken all the Rabbi Eliezers and teach us anew the truth of the Torah. It seems to me that the Lubavitch tradition is this reawakening.
Posted By Judith, LA, US

Posted: Feb 17, 2010
Major turning point in Judaism?
Placing this story in the context of its time in history may throw some light on this fascinating discussion in the Mishna. Our rabbis lived during the destruction of the second Bet HaMikdash, and the immense cultural complexities surrounding this time: the destruction of a nation under siege by an empirical foreign power, influence of Hellenism on the Jewish people, the search for a strong national leader like David, desperate times spawning the pervasiveness of occultism in Jewish culture. R. Eliezer reminds me of rabbis like the Lubavitcher Rebbe who are revered in part because of their ability to 'know' beyond the ordinary human mind. In this historical context of uncertainty, the sanhedrin decided to place more weight on human reason which is predictable (logical) vs superhuman knowledge as demonstrated by R. Eliezer. Their determination was strong enough to excommunicate him whom they revered, yet their deep love for him remained as their rebbe passes to the next life. .
Posted By Judith, LA, US

Posted: Sep 21, 2009
To Rebekah:
I heartily recommend this masterpiece by Rabbi Tzvi Freeman: Is It Really the Torah, Or Is It Just the Rabbis?
Posted By Menachem Posner for Chabad.org
via chabadofmarinadelrey.com

Posted: Sep 17, 2009
Does this story intend to say
That the torah is absolutely eternal, and that even G-d could not (or would not) change a single part of it. Were it possible to hear such a heavenly voice, would it be considered a test not to fail if (said) voice commanded anything besides what is written in the Torah? Are interpretations of the Torah absolute? Is there absolutely NO measure for contemplations about the Torah if all it's words are absolutely and concretely interpreted by those who have lived before our time? I ask in ignorance, not in argument. What a wonderful site, giving blocks of knowledge to build more awareness for (me) readers in the year to come. If sleep wasn't a must, I would read all throughout the night!
Posted By Rebekah Yesilevsky, Mar Vista, CA
via chabadofmarinadelrey.com

Posted: Jan 7, 2009
the picture
The artist's son is in my class at school!
Posted By Hannerz, staten island, ny



 


From the Midrash
The Boat
The Tree
The Walls of the Study Hall
The Fox and the Fishes
A Carob Tree and a Spring
The Child and the Slave
Six Hundred Dinars Minus Six
The Fox in the Vineyard
The Snake in the Wall
A Joyous Divorce
The Two Watchmen
The Laughter of Rabbi Akiva
Choni the Circle Maker
On One Foot
The Cow That Kept Shabbat
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