Question:
Are egos really as bad as they are made out to be?
The short answer:
Ego itself is not so bad. It's just when you think you have an exclusive on it that the trouble begins. None of us have an exclusive. It's more like a limited franchise.
The long answer:
The Chassidic masters called it the ich and so did Freud. In English
that's "the I." Talking about looking the I in the eye gets rather awkward, so
we say ego, instead.
"Ego." Sounds so innocent and manageable, like a little pet you are trying to
toilet train.
The mystics of many cultures teach how to surrender the I, to be washed away
in the oneness of the Infinite Light where all sense of ego is meaningless. The
moralists demand we at least diminish our sense of "I-ness" and start thinking
about otherness. The primal failure of the Tree of Knowledge, Nachmanides
writes, was this obsession with the "I".
But the "I" is not something I have. It is me. Now this is scary: What
will be with me if I lose my I? Do I really want less me? After
all, who will take care of me if I'm not around? And how on earth am I expected
to rewire that which is me myself, anyway?
The Master of I
The Maharal, (Rabbi Yehudah Lowe of Prague, 1512?-1609,
philosopher-astronomer-kabbalist, famous as the one who made the Golem) spoke a
lot about this "I". He demonstrated that the sages of the Mishnah were talking
about it as well.
"Why was Adam created as a lone individual?" the sages ask. "To teach you
that whoever sustains the life of a single human being is as though he sustained
an entire world. And anyone who destroys the life of a single human being is as
though he destroyed an entire world."
"What sense does this make?" the Maharal asked. "Some will explain that just
as the entire humankind extended from this one Adam, so each human being is
potentially an entire world. But there is no real parallel here: Adam is
the single root of all humankind. Another human being -- if not for him, another
will take his place."
"Rather," the Maharal continues, "every human being is an entire
world. This is the experience of every human being since Adam and this is the
truth according to Torah: Adam was created to be unique and singular in this
world, just as G-d is unique and singular above all. That's why every human
being sees himself as an entire world. And if he is, G-d forbid, destroyed, that
entire world goes down with him."
This is also how the Maharal explains the Mishnah, "Every person is obligated
to say, 'For my sake the world was created.'" It's true: In your world, you are
the center and all else depends on you. The same in the other guy's world. And
the other's. And in all six billion plus of them. Each one is 100% right.
Personally, I wouldn't be able to design such a world. Maybe you can figure
out a way. Every model I can think of can only have one center. But then, I'm
not G-d. G-d can make a reality where each individual is the exclusive center.
And He did. Why? I suppose it's all part of G-d's desire to be found within His
world. Since a world is a place of multiple experiences, G-d must be found
within each one. G-d is unique, so each individual must be unique. And G-d is
"the only one," so each individual must experience this sensation of being "the
only one."
Go and ask us. We all have the same experience: there are six billion "us,"
"them" and "you" out there; but only one "I".
I wonder, if animals could create their own language, would they say, "I" and
mean I alone?
The Private Eye
So what is this "I"? It is the experience of G-d within us. Sounds nice, but
in practice it gets very ugly, this experience of thinking you are G-d and there
is no other god beside you.
You've seen it in the two-year old who just discovered the word "NO!". You've
seen it in the "friend" who undermined you to get that promotion at work. In the
boss who feels he must constantly remind you that you are but his employee. In
the social worker who breeds dependence. In the megalomaniacs who hijack good
causes to turn them into petty empires. And in the Machiavellian politicians who
drive our society over the shoulder and into the mud because they never got past
their second birthday.
"Pray for the peace of the government," the above-mentioned sages of the
Mishnah tell us. "If not for the fear of it, each person would swallow his
fellow alive."
Again the Maharal steps in to explain: "Each person, by innate nature, sees
himself as the unique human being, with exclusive rights to all of reality --
just as Adam asserted his mastery over the entire world immediately upon opening
his eyes. When a human being sees another human being with another 'I' -- which
per force must diminish the dominion of his 'I' -- the instinctual response is
to 'swallow his fellow alive,' to absorb this other 'I' within his own ego. The
other is permitted to be a subject, an employee, a student, a fan -- but never
ever another 'I'. Among the common people, it is only respect for a higher
authority -- 'the fear of the government' -- that tempers somewhat their own ego
and allows them to make room for others."
The I Reframed
Something tells me there's got to be another solution. After all, the I has
some redeeming qualities, as well. For one thing, without the "I" there would
be no personal decisions, no sense of free choice. Don't we want a world with
self-initiative, creativity and originality?
Furthermore: Without the "I" would there be indignation over inhuman
atrocities? Would there be true sympathy for the lot of another human being?
Would there be an idea of a "person" -- a creature of inherent worth whose life
cannot be measured in dollars and cents?
This, too, is the entire idea of the Adam as presented in Torah: Created in
the "image of G-d." With those words, the Book of Genesis created the concept of
a person, a concept that took humanity all these many thousands of years to
adopt. Until today we live in a society that is finally beginning to assimilate
the idea that each of us has "inalienable rights" -- because each one of us is
an entire world. Because each one of us, like G-d, has the power to choose how
"I" want "my" world to be.
The challenge: How to preserve all the power and beauty of this "I" --
unadulterated, undiluted -- while disarming it of its ugly fallout.
Fourteen generations from the Maharal, the Rebbe took over where his
great-grandfather left off. The ego, the Rebbe taught, must not only be
tempered, but re-framed. After all, everything was created for its Creator's
glory -- and that includes the ego, as well.
This, too, the sages of the Mishnah taught. When Adam was created, he saw all
the animals coming to worship him. They knew that someone had created
them and it definitely wasn't the monkeys or the elephants -- because they all
came in multiples. But this Adam creature, he looked the perfect candidate. Only
one of him.
Adam scanned the bunch of them and said, "All of them were created only to
serve me." Sounds egocentric enough. But he didn't stop there:
"And I," he continued, "was created only to serve my Creator."
The "I" -- why was it created? To serve. To work within a context, which is
it's Creator. And that changes everything.
Why do I feel myself to be an "I"? Why do I feel that all lies within my
domain as though I own the road, the sidewalk, the city and the countryside,
too? Is it because there really is nothing besides me? Because I created it all?
That may work for the two-year old, but I've had sufficient experience to
discover this world's a tad too complicated for me to have created. If I am an
I, it's because the One Who did created all me and all this around me
wants me to feel I-ness. And why?
So I can be G-d's proxy, and not just another creature.
So that when I take upon myself to do a mitzvah, to advance a worthy cause,
to bring more light into this universe, I don't do it just to get the job done,
like a subject, like an employee. I do it with my "I" -- I take ownership and
make sure it's done to its best.
So that when I see another human being is suffering, I don't say, "That's the
way G-d wants it to be and who am I to interfere?" I say, "This is not right. I
must change it to make it right."
So that when I look into the eyes of another, I see there not just blood,
flesh and chromosomes. I see the Infinite Light itself, I see the very essence
of G-d breathing within those nostrils, I see Adam. Just like me.
And with all this, I can even have an inkling of what it means to be truly
all that exists. To be G-d.
The Halachic I
Like every other true idea, this reframed ego is reflected in halachah (Torah
law). Or rather, as the Rebbe would put it, it's this way in the world because
it's this way in halachah. As the Zohar says, "G-d looked in the Torah and
created the world." Whatever is in the world can be found in it's pristine, most
clarified state in Torah law.
In Torah law, we have an idea of a shaliach -- a proxy, in English.
You can assign an agent to be your proxy for all sorts of things. You can even
assign him to find a wife for you, give her a ring before two witnesses and you
will be married to her. The rule is, "The agent of a person is as the person
himself." Whatever he does, he is not doing it --you are.
There are conditions on who can be your proxy. A child, an idiot or a
deaf-mute who has no language will not do. Why not? Because to represent someone
else's I, you must have a pretty good one yourself. What comes out from the
discussion in the Talmud is that these people do not have a fully developed
sense of "I", as in "I did this." Otherwise known as da'at.
Do you get the paradox? The agent is saying, "I am not doing this. Whatever I
am doing, it's as though my client is doing it. I am transparent, not here."
But to say that, to put aside his "I", the agent himself must have a mature,
well-developed sense of "I". It is his I that empowers him to be not I.
The same with the human being, representative of the Creator on earth. The
Creator is the true, only "I". So He gave us our own little "I"s so we can
represent him.
So we can take ownership of the situation down here and marry it to Him.
More
Starting to get the idea? Try these Meditations on Self and Ego
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